山西省祁县中学2017_2018学年高一英语12月月考试题（含解析）.docx

山西省祁县中学2017年高一年级12月月考英语试题本试卷满分：150分 考试时间： 100分钟第一卷（共100分）第一部分：听力部分（略）第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）第一节：（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。ASome people were eating and drinking in a coffee house. A young woman was sitting alone at a table. She was wearing a beautiful diamond necklace. There was an ugly man at a table not far from her. He was looking at her necklace all the time.Suddenly the lights went out. The coffee house was in darkness. The woman started to shout. She was very frightened. A few minutes later the lights came on again. The woman was crying. Her necklace was missing.The manager quickly closed all the doors. He telephoned the police. No one could get out of the coffee house. The policemen soon came. The police inspector told his men to search everyone. The necklace was not on anyone. They then searched the whole coffee house. The necklace couldnt be found.The police inspector then looked at the faces of all the people in the coffee house. He saw the ugly man and looked at the man carefully. He went up to the man and picked up the bowl of soup that was on his table. He then poured the soup into a glass. The necklace fell out. The policemen caught hold of the man and took him away. The young woman was happy to get back her necklace.1. A young woman lost her necklace in _.A. a coffee houseB. a shopC. a hospitalD. a restaurant2. The manager closed all the doors and _.A. searched everyone in the coffee houseB. searched the whole coffee houseC. looked at all the people in the coffee houseD. telephoned the police3. The police inspector found the necklace in _.A. a bowl of soupB. a bowl of riceC. a glass of milkD. a cup of coffee4. The necklace was stolen by _.A. a beautiful girlB. an old womanC. a young studentD. an ugly man【答案】1. A 2. D 3. A 4. D【解析】文章讲述了一个咖啡管中，女士丢项链又被警察找到的故事。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据前两段的内容可知，这位女士是在咖啡馆丢的项链。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句The manager quickly closed all the doors. He telephoned the police.可知经历迅速关上门然后报了警。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容He then poured the soup into a glass. The necklace fell out.可知警察在一碗汤里发现了项链。故选A。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容He saw the ugly man and looked at the man carefully. He went up to the man and picked up the bowl of soup that was on his table. He then poured the soup into a glass. The necklace fell out.可知项链是一位丑陋的男士偷的。故选D。【名师点睛】本文的四个小题均是考查了细节理解题，细节题可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息或是其变体，搜查信息在阅读中非常重要它包括理解作者在叙述某事时使用的具体事实、数据、图表等细节信息。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节，做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。如本文的第2小题：2. The manager closed all the doors and _.根据题干，我们需要找到The manager closed all the doors动作，再找到之后的动作，根据第三段内容The manager quickly closed all the doors. He telephoned the police.可以很轻松的得到答案。BMaking friends is a skill like most skills. It improves with practice. If you want to meet people and make friends, you must be willing to take some action. You must first go where there are people. You wont make friends staying home alone.Joining a club or a group, talking with those who like the same things as you do is much easier. Or join someone in some activity.Many people are nervous when talking to new people. After all meeting strangers means facing the unknown. And its human nature to feel a bit uncomfortable about unknown. Most of our fears about dealing with new people comes from doubts about ourselves. We imagine other people are judging us, finding us too tall or too short, too this or too that. But dont forget that they must be feeling the same way. Try to accept yourself as you are, and try to put the other person at ease. Youll both feel more comfortable.Try to act self-confident even if you dont feel that way. When you enter a room full of strangers, such as a new classroom, walk tall and straight, look directly at other people and smile.If you see someone youd like to speak to, say something. Dont wait for the other person to start a conversation.Just meeting someone new does not mean that you will make friends with that personfriendship is based on mutual liking and “give and take”. It takes time and effort to develop.5. The best topic of the passage may be _.A. Making friendsB. FriendshipC. Meeting New PeopleD. Facing the Unknown6. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?A. Making friends needs practicing.B. Making friends needs to be more active in getting in touch with people.C. When meeting someone, make him feel nice and easy.D. Before making friends with someone, judge him if hes too this or too that.7. The development of friendship needs _.A. a lot of moneyB. time and effortC. lots of conversationD. carefully judging【答案】5. A 6. D 7. B【解析】本文告诉人们如何交朋友，以及在交朋友时候的一些技巧。【5题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章主题段第一段Making friends is a skill like most skills. It improves with practice. If you want to meet people and make friends, you must be willing to take some action.可知本文主要讲述的就是交朋友的话题，故A正确。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段We imagine other people are judging us, finding us too tall or too short, too this or too that. But dont forget that they must be feeling the same way. Try to accept yourself as you are, and try to put the other person at ease. Youll both feel more comfortable.说明D项的说明是错误的，我们不能过早地形成观点。故D项正确。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据文章的最后一句话It takes time and effort to develop.可知友谊的发展需要时间和精力。故选B。【名师点睛】文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。属于浅层次的阅读试题，分数比例较少。（2）语言转述型。这是一类间接事实细节题，答案与题目在意义上从分运用了词义之间的转述关系，即正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的另类表达。属于中档难度题，分数比例较大。（3）语意理解型。这是一类深层事实细节理解题，答案与题目之间存在着一定的逻辑联系，这种联系需要建立在事实的基础上通过上、下文来进行判断、分析、归纳和整合，才能得出正确答案。属于较高难度的事实细节题。（4）是非辨别型。这是一类综合事实细节题，出题形式常常是“三正一误”(三项正确，只有一项不符合原文内容)或“三误一正”（三项错误，只有一项符合原文内容)。（5）事实排序型。这是一类运用多项事实进行排序的事实细节题，要求根据动作发生的先后顺序、时间顺序或者句子之间的逻辑关系，找出时间发生，发展的正确顺序。例如：本文的第2小题：2.【解题剖析】此题属于细节理解中的（4）一一是非辨别型。出题形式常常是“三正一误”或“三误一正”。【推理关系】根据题干Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?可知本题属于三正一误。【答案定位】根据第一段第一句Making friends is a skill like most skills. It improves with practice.可知答案A正确；根据第二段内容可知交友需要积极的和别人联系，故B正确；根据第三段最后一句Try to accept yourself as you are, and try to put the other person at ease. Youll both feel more comfortable.可知C选项正确；根据第三段的内容We imagine other people are judging us, finding us too tall or too short, too this or too that. But dont forget that they must be feeling the same way.可知D错误。【答案】根据分析，可知答案为D。CScientists have found living organisms(有机体) that could be 50,000 years old recently. The organisms were found in a hot, but beautiful cave system in Naica, Mexico. These ancient life forms can be seen only with a microscope, which proves they are probably microbes(微生物).Penelope Boston leads the Astrobiology Institute at NASA, the space agency of the United States. These ancient organisms are able to exist by eating minerals such as iron and manganese. If the findings are confirmed, they will show how microbes can survive in extreme conditions.Researchers have been studying ancient microbes for nine years. Forty different kinds of microbes and some viruses were found in the underground area this time. The genetic(基因的) structures of these organisms are different from those of their nearest relatives viruses. That is similar to that humans are genetically different from mushrooms growing in forest. The caves in Naica are 800 kilometers deep. Before the miners began working in the caves, the area was isolated from the surface and the outside world.Some of the caves are as big as the large religious centers built during Europes Middle Ages. There are crystals(晶体) covering the walls. Scientists must wear special clothing to keep cool. And the clothing keeps the crystals safe from human germs or other damage. The researchers could only work for about 20 minutes at a time before they have to go to a room that is 28 degrees Celsius to cool down.NASA officials would not let Boston share her findings with scientific experts until the last weeks announcement. So scientists could not say much about the findings. But Norine Noonan, a biologist at the University of South Florida, said she believed them. “Why are we surprised?” Noonan asked, “As a biologist, I would say life on Earth is extremely tough and versatile.” “Whats more, these organisms are not the oldest life forms on Earth. Scientists published studies about living microbes that may be 500,000 years old several years ago,” she added.8. What do these ancient life forms survive on?A. Plants.B. Organisms.C. Viruses.D. Minerals.9. Whats the authors purpose of mentioning the example of humans and mushrooms?A. To prove the ancient organisms are close to mushrooms.B. To show the area was once cut off from the outside world.C. To explain the ancient organisms and viruses are different in genes.D. To show the ancient organisms found differ from humans in genes.10. Why could the researchers only stay for a short time in the caves at a time?A. Because crystals tee damage peoples health.B. Because the caves are full of harmful gases.C. Because there are some germs in the caves.D. Because the caves are very hot.11. Whats the main idea of the passage?A. A beautiful cave system was discovered in Naica.B. The ancient life forms are too small to be seen.C. 50,000-year-old living organisms were found in Mexico.D. Researchers find new ways to study living organisms.【答案】8. D 9. C 10. D 11. C【解析】本文主要介绍了科学家发现的一种在高温环境中生活的古老生物【8题详解】细节理解题。根据These ancient organisms are able to exist by eating minerals such as iron and manganese可知，这些古老的生物依靠吃矿物质生存。故选D。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据That is similar to that humans are genetically different from mushrooms growing in the forest可知，人类和蘑菇在基因上完全不同，再根据The genetic （基因的） structures of these organisms are different from those of their nearest relatives-viruses可知，这种古生物与它们最近亲的物种的基因结构都不同，所以作者用人类和蘑菇来说明这种生物在基因上的不同。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据The researchers could only work for about 20minutes at a time before they have to go to a room that is 28degrees Celsius to cool down可知，洞里面很热，科学家工作二十分钟就得出去凉快一下。故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。分析文章结构可知，第一段为文章主题段，根据第一段第一句话Scientists have found living organisms （有机体） that could be 50，000years old recently可知，本文主要介绍科学家发现的在高热环境生存的古老生物。故选CDI suspect that the most basic and powerful way to connect to another person is to listen. Perhaps the most important thing we ever give each other is our attention, and especially if its given from the heart. When people are talking, theres no need to do anything but listen to them. Just take them Just listen to what theyre saying and care about it. Most times caring about it is even more important than understanding it. Most of us dont value ourselves or our love enough to know this. It has taken me a long time to believe in the power of the simply saying “Im so sorry” when someone is in pain, and meaning it.One of my patients told me that when she tried to tell her story, people often interrupted to tell her that they had once had something just like that happen to them. Eventually she stopped talking to most people. She was just too lonely. We connect through listening. When we interrupt what someone is saying to let them know that we understand, we move the focus of attention to ourselves. When we listen, they know that we care. Many people with cancer can talk about the relief of having someone just listen.I have ever learned to respond to someone crying by just listening. In the old days I used to reach for the tissues(纸巾), until I realized that passing a person a tissue may be just another way to shut them down, to take them out of their experience of sadness and grief. Now I just listen. When they have cried all they need to cry, they find me there with them.12. The author intends to tell us .A. the art of listeningB. the importance of listening to othersC. how to keep a talk going onD. how to ease a patients pain13. In the last paragraph, the author suggests that if a person is crying, you should .A. try to give him some comfortB. stop him from cryingC. cry with himD. just keep listening to his crying14. From the passage we can know that the author is probably a .A. teacherB. patientC. speakerD. doctor15. What would be the best title for the passage?A. care about itB. Just listenC. Dont interruptD. Mean it【答案】12. B 13. D 14. D 15. B【解析】文章讲述听别人说话的重要性。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章主题段第一段的描述When people are talking, theres no need to do anything but listen to them.，可知本文说的是听别人说话的重要性。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的内容I have ever learned to respond to someone crying by just listening.可知作者建议如果一个人想要哭的话，你只需要听她/他哭就够了。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句One of my patients told me that when she tried to tell her story可知，作者是一位医生。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。从文章的主题段第一段的内容When people are talking, theres no need to do anything but listen to them. Just take them Just listen to what theyre saying and care about it. 可知，文章介绍了听别人说话的重要性，故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Tips for Cooking on a Tight ScheduleFrom my experience，there are three main reasons why people dont cook more often：ability，money，and time_16_ Money is a topic Ill discuss another daySo today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchenHere are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule：1Think aheadThe moments when I think cooking is a pain are when Im already hungry and theres nothing ready to eatSo think ahead of the coming weekWhen will you have time to cook？Do you have the right materials already？_17_2Make your time worth itWhen you do find time to cook a meal，make the most of it and save yourself time later onAre you making one loaf of bread？_18_ It takes around the same amount of time to make more of somethingSo save yourself the effort for a future meal3_19_ This may surprise you，but one of the best tools for making cooking is to try new thingsIt gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipes that can work well with your appetite and scheduleThe more you learn and the more you try，the more ability you have to take control of your food and your scheduleHopefully that gives you a good start_20_ And dont let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way you eat and live!ATry new thingsBAbility is easily improvedCMake three or four insteadDUnderstand your food betterECooking is a burden for many peopleFLet cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burdenGA little time planning ahead can save a lot of work later on【答案】16. B 17. G 18. C 19. A 20. F【解析】现代生活中人们不经常做饭。但是做饭对我们的生活有很好的影响。本文中提出了一些在紧凑的时间表里做饭的建议。【16题详解】B 根据后句Money is a topic Ill save for another day. So today I want to give you some advice on how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchen提到了money和 time。只有ability没有叙述。又根据横线前面的句子From my experience, there are three main reasons for why people dont cook more often: ability, money and time.与之有关的只有带有ability这一信息了，所以选择B项。【17题详解】G 根据本段中心思想Think ahead.预先思考。根据此段开头的关键词ahead，可以判断出此段与ahead有关，所以答案为G项 “A little time planning ahead can save a lot of work later on.” 提前计划可以节省后来的很多工作。【18题详解】C 根据横线前句Are you making one loaf of bread? 可以判断出要make one loaf of bread那就是与数量有关，根据后一句It takes around the same amount of time to make more of something.在同样的时间里可以做出更多的东西。所以应该选择C项。【19题详解】A根据It gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas. The more you learn and the more you try, the more ability you have to take control of your food and your schedule.这两句，提到了new ideas和try 可以判断出要尝试新鲜事物，也就是要与new有关，所以选择A项。【20题详解】F本段是全文的总结，根据最后一句And dont let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way you eat and live!不要让忙碌阻止你的生活方式产生变化。要让做饭成为快乐的事情而不是负担。所以选择F项。考点：考查说明文阅读第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。One day a rich man was invited to dinner at the home of one of his friends. He did not know what to_21_the wine, meat and chicken he had just bought. Certainly he could not_22_them to the servant. Then he had_23_ idea. He called up the servant and_24_to him.“Ill be away for the whole evening, and Ill leave you to look after the house. In the cupboard there are two bottles filled with_25_. Be careful about it. Youll be killed if you take even a _26_of it. There is also some meat and chicken in the cupboard. Take care of them.” _27_these words the rich man left the home._28_the master turned his back, the servant opened the cupboard and began to enjoy all the nice things in it. He _29_the two bottles and ate up the meat, the chicken and_30_he found in the cupboardHe was_31_and soon fell_32_.At mid- night the rich man returned home. He looked into the cupboard and to his great _33_, all his wine and food were_34_. He was mad with_35_and called the servant up. “Oh, Master,” the servant began to say_36_the rich man could open his mouth; “while you were away, the neighbors black cat stole into our kitchen and ate up everything in the cupboard. I know you would be angry with me. I was so_37_that I drank the two bottles of poison to kill_38_” There were tears in the servants eyes. “Oh, Master,” he continued, “Please dont get angry with a _39_man. Ill soon be dead.” The rich man, of course, did not_40_a word of his story. But again, he could do nothing about it.21. A. toB. intoC. atD. with22. A. buyB. cookC. leaveD. bring23. A. someB. anC. theD. no24. A. saidB. toldC. spokeD. talked25. A. waterB. oilC. wineD. poison26. A. pieceB. dropC. lotD. bottle27. A. AtB. OnC. WithD. Hearing28. A. BeforeB. WhileC. Hardly when