英国爱丁堡旅行各景点英文介绍.docx

Visit the UKs no.1 attraction (TripAdvisor). The Royal Yacht Britannia was home to Her Majesty The Queen and the Royal Family for over 40 years, sailing over 1,000,000 miles around the world.Now berthed in Edinburgh, you can follow in the footsteps of Royalty to discover the heart and soul of this most special of Royal residences.As part of your tour of Britannia, why not visit the Royal Deck Tea Room? You can enjoy delicious,and freshly prepared, home-madefood, stunning views and a warm welcome. Previously where the Royal Family enjoyed drinks receptions, sumptuous buffets, or played deck games. Now you can treat yourself with speciality teas, coffees and lunch in spectacular surroundings爱丁堡大学The University of Edinburgh (abbreviated as Edin. in post-nominals), founded in 1582,5 is the sixth-oldest university in the English-speaking world and one of Scotlands ancient universities. The university is deeply embedded in the fabric of the city, with many of the buildings in the historic Old Town belonging to the university.6The University of Edinburgh is ranked 17th in the world by the 201314 and 201415 QS rankings.78 The Research Excellence Framework, a research ranking used by the UK government to determine future research funding, ranked Edinburgh 4th in the UK for research power.9 It is ranked 12th in the world in arts and humanities by the 201415 Times Higher Education Ranking.10 It is ranked the 15th most employable university in the world by the 2013 Global Employability University Ranking.11 It is ranked as the 6th best university in Europe by the U.S. News Best Global Universities Ranking.12 It is a member of both the Russell Group, and the League of European Research Universities, a consortium of 21 research universities in Europe.13 It has the third largest endowment of any university in the United Kingdom, after the universities of Cambridge and Oxford.National Museums Scotland todayToday, National Museums Scotland also includes theNational Museum of Flight, theNational War Museumand theNational Museum of Rural Life.The National War Museum was foundedat Edinburgh Castlein 1930 as the Scottish United Services Museum to tell the story of Scotlands Armed Forces. In 1970 it became part of the Royal Scottish Museum and in 2000, the refurbished museum reopened as the National War Museum of Scotland.In 1971, the Ministry of Defence donated a Supermarine Spitfire to the Royal Museum in Edinburgh. Due to lack of space to accommodate the aeroplane, the museum was granted permission to acquire one of the hangars of RAF East Fortune in East Lothian, as a storehouse for aeronautical exhibits. With this, the seeds were sown for the development of the National Museum of Flight. The museum officially opened to the public on 7 July 1975. You can find out more about the history of East Fortune Airfield here.The National Museum of Rural Life first opened in Ingliston in 1982 as the Scottish Agricultural Museum. In 2001, then called the Museum of Scottish Country Life, it relocated to Kittochside.National Museums Scotlands collections are housed principally in theNational Museums Collection Centreat Granton.National Museums Scotland (NMS) is an executive non-departmental public body of the Scottish Government. It runs the national museums of Scotland.NMS is one of the countrys National Collections, and holds internationally important collections of natural sciences, decorative arts, world cultures, science and technology, and Scottish history and archaeology.Notable items in the national collectionseditHearth(?) by Andy GoldsworthyThe official website lists the following exhibits as being the highlights of its collections:2 Dolly the sheep Concorde G-BOAA (Alpha Alpha) Tea Service of the Emperor Napoleon Assyrian relief of King Ashurnasirpal II and a court official, from the North-West Palace of Ashurnasirpal at Nimrud, excavated by Austen Henry Layard in the 1840s; the medical pioneer James Young Simpson gave the panel to the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, who passed it into the national collection Seringapatam sword, presented to David Baird by his field officers after the Battle of Seringapatam, in May 1799 Silver travelling canteen of Prince Charles Edward Stuart Boulton & Watt engine Bute mazer (also referred to as the Bannatyne mazer) Calcite crystal, found in 1927 at the New Glencrieff mine at Wanlockhead on the Leadhills ore field, an excellent example of a complex doubly terminated scalenohedral crystal (see Dogtooth spar) Hunterston brooch Lewis chessmen Monymusk reliquaryDolly (5 July 1996 14 February 2003) was a female domestic sheep, and the first animal to be cloned from an adult somatic cell, using the process of nuclear transfer.23 She was cloned by Ian Wilmut, Keith Campbell and colleagues at the Roslin Institute, part of the University of Edinburgh, Scotland, and the biotechnology company PPL Therapeutics, based near Edinburgh. The funding for Dollys cloning was provided by PPL Therapeutics and the Ministry of Agriculture.4 She was born on 5 July 1996 and died from a progressive lung disease 5 months before her seventh birthday.1 She has been called the worlds most famous sheep by sources including BBC News and Scientific American.56National Galleries of Scotland (Scottish Gaelic: Gailearaidhean Niseanta na h-Alba) is the executive non-departmental public body that controls the three national galleries of Scotland and two partner galleries, forming one of the National Collections of Scotland.The Scottish National Gallery is the national art gallery of Scotland. It is located on The Mound in central Edinburgh, in a neoclassical building designed by William Henry Playfair, and first opened to the public in 1859.1 The gallery houses the Scottish national collection of fine art, including Scottish and international art from the beginning of the Renaissance up to the start of the 20th century.List of national galleriesedit The Scottish National Gallery The Scottish National Portrait Gallery The Scottish National Gallery of Modern ArtThe Partner Galleries are: Duff House in Banff, Aberdeenshire Paxton House, BerwickshireThe National Galleries of Scotland has over 96,000 objects in its collection. We have selected just a few of these to give you a sense of the breadth and quality of the art in our care. These highlights are the works you wont want to miss when you visit the galleries or on the web. They range from major works by Titian, Rembrandt and Vermeer through to Picasso, Hockney and Warhol.2 Calton Hill (/kltn/) (also referred to as the Calton Hill), is a hill in central Edinburgh, Scotland, situated beyond the east end of Princes Street and included in the citys UNESCO World Heritage Site. Views of, and from, the hill are often used in photographs and paintings of the city.Calton Hill is the headquarters of the Scottish Government, which is based at St Andrews House,1 on the steep southern slope of the hill; with the Scottish Parliament Building, and other notable buildings, for example Holyrood Palace,2 lying near the foot of the hill. The hill is also the location of several iconic monuments and buildings: the National Monument,2 the Nelson Monument,23 the Dugald Stewart Monument,23 the old Royal High School,23 the Robert Burns Monument,2 the Political Martyrs Monument and the City Observatory.3卡尔顿山不要门票The Palace of Holyroodhouse (/hlrud/ or /holrud/1), commonly referred to as Holyrood Palace, is the official residence of the British monarch in Scotland. Located at the bottom of the Royal Mile in Edinburgh, at the opposite end to Edinburgh Castle, Holyrood Palace has served as the principal residence of the Kings and Queens of Scots since the 16th century, and is a setting for state occasions and official entertaining.Queen Elizabeth spends one week in residence at Holyrood Palace at the beginning of each summer, where she carries out a range of official engagements and ceremonies. The 16th century Historic Apartments of Mary, Queen of Scots and the State Apartments, used for official and state entertaining, are open to the public throughout the year, except when members of the Royal Family are in residence.The Palace todayTheQueen is in residence at the Palace of Holyroodhouse during Holyrood week,which usually takes place from the end of June to the beginning of July. Thenthe Scottish variant of the Royal Standard of the United Kingdom is flown, and the Royal Company of Archers formsHerMajestysceremonial bodyguard.Welcome to St Giles CathedralSt Giles Cathedral is the historic City Church of Edinburgh.With its famed crown spire it standson the Royal Mile between Edinburgh Castle and the Palace of Holyroodhouse.Also known as the High Kirk of Edinburgh, it is the Mother Churchof Presbyterianism and contains the Chapel of the Order of the Thistle (Scotlands chivalric company of knights headed by the Queen).St Giles Cathedral, more properly termed the High Kirk of Edinburgh, is the principal place of worship of the Church of Scotland in Edinburgh. Its distinctive crown steeple is a prominent feature of the city skyline, at about a third of the way down the Royal Mile which runs from the Castle to Holyrood Palace. The church has been one of Edinburghs religious focal points for approximately 900 years. The present church dates from the late 14th century, though it was extensively restored in the 19th century, and is protected as a category A listed building.1 Today it is sometimes regarded as the Mother Church of Presbyterianism.2 The cathedral is dedicated to Saint Giles, who is the patron saint of Edinburgh,3 as well as of cripples and lepers, and was a very popular saint in the Middle Ages. It is the Church of Scotland parish church for part of Edinburghs Old Town.St Giles was only a cathedral in its formal sense (i.e. the seat of a bishop) for two periods during the 17th century (16351638 and 16611689), when episcopalianism, backed by the Crown, briefly gained ascendancy within the Kirk (see Bishops Wars). In the mediaeval period, prior to the Reformation, Edinburgh had no cathedral as the royal burgh was part of the Diocese of St Andrews, under the Bishop of St Andrews whose episcopal seat was St Andrews Cathedral. For most of its post-Reformation history the Church of Scotland has not had bishops, dioceses, or cathedrals. As such, the use of the term cathedral today carries no practical meaning. The High Kirk title is older, being attested well before the buildings brief period as a cathedral.The Scott Monument is a Victorian Gothic monument to Scottish author Sir Walter Scott. It is the largest monument to a writer in the world.1 It stands in Princes Street Gardens in Edinburgh, opposite the Jenners department store on Princes Street and near to Edinburgh Waverley Railway Station, which is named after Scotts Waverley novels.Edinburgh Castle is a historic fortress which dominates the skyline of the city of Edinburgh, Scotland from its position on the Castle Rock. Archaeologists have established human occupation of the rock since at least the Iron Age (2nd century AD), although the nature of the early settlement is unclear. There has been a royal castle on the rock since at least the reign of David I in the 12th century, and the site continued to be a royal residence until the Union of the Crowns in 1603. From the 15th century the castles residential role declined, and by the 17th century it was principally used as military barracks with a large garrison. Its importance as a part of Scotlands national heritage was recognised increasingly from the early 19th century onwards, and various restoration programmes have been carried out over the past century and a half. As one of the most important strongholds in the Kingdom of Scotland, Edinburgh Castle was involved in many historical conflicts from the Wars of S