Unit 4 Making the news.doc

Unit 4 Making the news New Words 1involve(v.t) involvement(n.) involve sb. in sth. 把某人卷入某事中，参与，关注Dont involve me in your quarrel.Parents should involve themselves in their childs education. 参与I was so deeply involved in my book that I didnt hear you knock.全神贯注看书，没听到你敲门2. edit (vt.) editor (n.) edition (n.)3. assignment(n.)“任务、工作”，也可表示学生的“作业”。assign vt.分配（工作）; 留（作业）；安排（房间）；指派；委派What is todays assignment？今天的作业是什么？The boss assigned me a good room. 老板给我安排了一个好房间。The teacher assigned two boys to carry the text books. 老师派两个男生搬教材。4. admire(vt.) 钦佩，羡慕，欣赏admirer(n.) 钦佩者，爱慕者admirable(a.) 令人羡慕/钦佩的admiration(n.)5. submit sth. to sb. 提交东西给某人He submitted the report to the committee.submit (oneself) to sb./sth.(yield, give in)I was unwilling to submit (myself) to his orders.6. profession(n.) 职业，行业professional (n.) 专业人员，专家 (a.)职业/专业的He was an electrician by profession. 职业是电工She was at the very top of her profession. 职业佼佼者If its a legal matter you need to seek professional advice.专业咨询7.be eager that/to do sth./for sth.渴望be eager in sth. 在某方面热心eagerly(ad.) eagerness(n.)8. concentrate () on (doing) sth. I cant concentrate with all that noise going on.I decided to concentrate all my effect on finding somewhere to live.concentrated(a.) concentration(n.)9. update(n) 最新版 （vt.）更新 updated(a.)最新（版）的10. acquire 强调通过不断的、持续的努力而获得某物，也指日积月累地渐渐地获得。书面语用词。Gradually we acquired experience in how to do the work. 我们逐步获得了做这工作的经验。 obtain 较正式用词，着重通过巨大努力、要求而得到所需或盼望已久的东西。He failed to obtain a scholarship.他没有获得奖学金。gain 侧重指经过努力或有意识行动而取得某种成就或获得某种利益或好处。We all gained from the experience.我们都从这次经验中获益。get 普通用词，使用广泛，可指以任何方式得到某物，也不一定要经过努力。He gets first prize in the listening contest.他得到听力比赛第一名。win 主要指通过努力、斗争、比赛等而获得胜利。Their team has won the game.他们队赢了这场比赛。earn 侧重指依靠自己的劳动或因付出代价与有功而获得。His achievements earned him respect and admiration.他的成就赢得人们的尊敬和仰慕。11.assess(vt)估算，评价 assessment(n) assessor(n)评估员 Its difficult to assess the effects of these changes. Damage to the building was assessed at 10000 yuan. 12.inform sb.of/about sth. I informed her mother of her safe arrival.= I informed her mother that she had safely arrived.13. deadline (n)The deadline for application is 30 April. meet a deadline 赶上截止日期14. interview (n,vt)与某人面谈，对某人进行面试 采访He has an interview for the managers job next week. We interviewed ten people for the job. She was interviewed by reporters about her marriage. interviewer(n.) interviewee (n.)15. deliberate(a.) deliberately (ad.) intentionally ,on purpose 16. guilt (n.)(- innocence)罪行，内疚，责任a sense of guilt 内疚感guilty (a.)(- innocent)Not guilty(判决)无罪The boy was guilty of theft. 犯了盗窃罪I felt guilty about/over/for/of having told a lie. 因说谎而内疚guiltily(ad.)17.face a dilemma 面临困境 be in a dilemma 进退维谷18. gift(n) (talent)天才/天赋，才能He has the gift for music/of making friends.天生爱交朋友He is gifted (talented) in/at playing football. 19. idiom(n.)成语，惯用语 idiomatical(a.) 表达方式地道的， 惯用的 idiomatical English 地道英语 idiomatically(ad.)20. crime( n.) 罪（犯），不好的行为criminal (a.)犯罪的，犯法的 (n.) 犯人 He has a criminal record.有前科21. senoior(a.) 年纪较大的，级别高的，资深的 (n.)前辈，上司，年长者 He is senior to me by two years.= He is two years senior to me.= He is my senior by two years. (对照：junior, superior , inferior)22.Poland(n.)波兰Polish(n.) 波兰（人）的，波兰语polish(vt.) 磨光，擦亮polished(a.) 擦亮的，有光泽的polisher(n.) 磨光器/剂/工人23. chief(n.) 首长/领， 长官，局/处/科长 He is the chief of my department. (a.)主要的，为首的the chief engineer 总工程师chiefiy(ad.) 主要地，首先，第一， 尤其He is chiefly interested in classical music.24. approve (vt.vi.) 赞成，许可 (vt.)批准I dont approve (of) his conduct. 不赞成他的行为He doesnt approve of me leaving school this year.The committee approved the plan. 批准approval(n.) 赞成，同意，批准approving(a.) 赞成的，同意的 approvingly(ad.)25.process (n.)过程，流程，步骤 (vt.)加工，处理The middle East peace process 中东和平进程Were in the process of selling our house.正在卖自家住宅26. negative (a.) (positive) negatively (ad.) (positively) 【字词回顾】1. _ n. 职业；占有2. _ adj. 渴望的；热切的3. _ vt. 集中；聚集4. _ vt. 获得；得到5. _ adv. 期间；同时6. _ n. 情况；病例；案例7. _ adv. 故意地8. _ adj. 犯罪的；有罪的；内疚的9. _ adj. 有天赋的10. _ n. 部门；部；处；系11. _ adj. 精确的；正确的12. _ vt. 擦亮；磨光；润色13. _ vt. 赞成；称许；批准14. _ n. 过程；程序；步骤15. _ n. 约会；任命16. _ 依靠；依赖17. _ 集中；全神贯注于18. _ 因指责或控告19. _ 为了(做)20. _ 在前面 课文部分1occupation n. 职业；工作；占有；拥有He is a teacher by occupation. 他的职业是教师。Please state your name, age and occupation.请说明你的姓名、年龄和职业。That farm has been in the occupation of the same family for many years.那农场被同一个家族占有已有很多年了。No one is yet in occupation of the house. 这所房子还没有人住进去。occupy v . 占有；占用；占领be occupied with/in sth 从事/专心与；忙于occupy oneself in doing sth/with sth 忙于（做）某事辨析: career，occupation，profession与job的区别career 尤指一生的职业，可意为“事业”。She chose an academic career. 她选择了学术界职业。 occupation职业，是较为正式的用语，经常用在填写表格上。Please state your occupation here.请把您的职业填在这里。 profession一般指受过特殊训练和良好教育职业如医生或律师等。She intends to make teaching her profession.她打算以教师为职业。job 既可指工作职位也可指一个单独任务，是可数名词。Thousands of workers lost their jobs when the factory closed. 那家工厂一倒闭，成千的工人都失业了。assignment此处意为“任务、工作”，也可表示学生的“作业”，是可数名词。assign vt.分配（工作）; 留（作业）；安排（房间）；指派；委派What is todays assignment？今天的作业是什么？The boss assigned me a good room. 老板给我安排了一个好房间。The teacher assigned two boys to carry the text books.老师派两个男生搬教材。2. Later you can cover a story and submit the article yourself.晚些时候，你就可以独自去进行新闻采访并递交稿件了。cover vt.覆盖；报道；采访；占地；包括；走（一段路）；读完（若干页）；讲完（若干条）；够付的钱The reporter covered the big earthquake happened in Wenchuan.记者报道了发生在汶川的大地震。The green area covered 70% of this city.这个城市绿化面积占70%。The history of China covers about 5,000 years.中国约有五千年的历史。We have covered half the course.我们已经学完了一半的课程。submit vt.vi. 使服从,使屈服; 提交,呈递; 屈从;忍受;甘受submit sth. to sb. 提交东西给某人submit (oneself) to sb./sth.(yield, give in)He submitted his proposal for urban development to the city council. 他将城市发展建议提交市议会。She refused to submit to his control. 她不屈服于他的控制。I was unwilling to submit (myself) to his orders.3. Youll find your colleagues very eager to assist you, so you may be able to concentrate on photography later if youre interested.你将发现你的同事们会热情地帮助你。如果你对摄影感兴趣，以后你有可能集中精力去搞它。eager adj. 渴望的；热切的He listened to the story with an eager expression.他带着热切的表情听这个故事。He is eager to join in party tomorrow. 他渴望参加明天晚上的聚会。be eager about/ after/ for sth. 渴求某事be eager to do sth. 渴望干某事辨析：eager与anxious的区别eager带有更多的热切，感兴趣的情绪，含有积极向上的意思。eager还可接that引导的从句。anxious带有更多的“担忧”与“焦急”的情绪，表示对结果感到不安，害怕自己的愿望受阻或希望不能实现。 assist vt. 帮助；援助；协助Two nurses assisted the doctor in performing the operation.两位护士协助医生施行手术。We asked him to assist us in designing a new bridge.我们请他帮助我们设计一座新桥。Good glasses will assist you to read.好的眼镜有助于阅读。相关搭配：assist sb. with sth. =help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事assist sb. in sth./doing sth. 帮助某人做某事 assist sb to do sth concentrate on 集中；全神贯注于I cant concentrate on anything when Im hungry.我饿了就无法集中精力。We must concentrate our effort on improving living conditions.我们必须致力于改进生活水平。（1）相关搭配：concentrate on 集中（精力、注意力）于concentrate ones mind on 认真考虑（2）同义词组：pay attention to 注意be absorbed in 一心一意于devoteto专心于/献身于fix/focus ones attention/eyes on 集中注意力于put ones heart into专心于 4. Not only am I interested in photography，but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills.对摄影我不仅只是感兴趣，在大学里为提高我的技术还业余修过摄影课。Not only does she sing well，but also she dances well.她不仅歌唱得好，跳舞也不错。5. We say a good reporter must “have a nose” for a story.我们说，一个好的记者必须有一个对新闻非常敏感的“嗅觉”。本句是一个含有宾语从句的主从复合句。“a good reporter musthave a nosefor a story”是宾语从句，引导词that被省略。have a nose for sth. 意为“对很敏感；善于发现”。常用于口语。She has a good nose for a good news story.她很善于发现好的新闻故事。A cat has a good nose for fish. 猫对鱼的味道很敏感。由nose，eye，ear等词构成的短语有：lead sb. by the nose 控制某人；牵着某人的鼻子走follow ones nose 凭直觉行事；一直向前走turn up ones nose at瞧不起；觉得不屑干under ones nose 在某人的眼皮底下with ones nose in the air 傲慢keep an eye on sb./ sth. 照看；留神have an ear for听得懂；会欣赏have an eye for 看得懂；有眼力He turned a deaf ear to what I said.他对我的话一点儿也听不进去。Dont tell him anything. He has a big mouth.什么也别告诉他，他嘴不严。6. Meanwhile you have to prepare the next question depending on what the person says.同时，你还要根据被采访人所说的话准备提出下一个问题。meanwhile adv. 期间；同时；另一方面Theyll be here soon. Meanwhile well have some tea. 他们即刻就到，我们现在先喝点茶。Mother went shopping; meanwhile, I cleaned the house. 母亲去买东西;我打扫屋子。Meanwhile, theres risk in it. 同时也存在着不少风险。（1）相关搭配：meantime n.& adv. 期间；同时in the meantime 在此期间；与此同时in the same time 同时（2）辨析：meanwhile，during与while的区别meanwhile为副词，意为“同时”，可单独使用，但不能做连词。during为介词，意为“在期间”，后接名词，代词或名词性短语。while为连词，意为“在时候；然而”，引导时间状语从句。depend on相信;信赖；依靠,依赖；依.而定;取决于depend on sb /sth 取决于某事/某人；坚信/确信depend on sb doing sth 坚信/确信某人干某事depend on sb/sth to be 坚信/确信I knew he wasnt to be depended upon. 我知道他不可信赖。Health depends on good food, fresh air and enough sleep. 健康依靠的是良好的食物,新鲜的空气和充足的睡眠。The price depends on the quality. 价格取决于品质。That depends. /It all depends. 看情况而定。You cant depend on him to come punctually.相信= You cant depend on his coming punctually.You may depend on it that he will join your club.= you may depend on him to join our club.7. This is the trick of the trade.这就是我们这个行业的诀窍了。trick of the trade （内行人）诀窍。11. Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick?你们有没有过这样的情况：别人控告你的记者，说他（她）们的报道完全失实？accuseof 因指责或控告She was accused of stealing a bike.她被控告偷盗自行车。The police accused him of murder.警察指控他犯了谋杀罪。the accused 被告accused sb. of (doing) sth. 表示控告某人犯了某罪，还可表示“指责；谴责”，相当于charge sb. with sth. 因而指责或控告某人。My teacher accused me of cheating in the exam. 我的老师指责我考试作弊。get the wrong end of the stick 完全误解；弄错He has got hold of the wrong end of the stick. 他完全弄错了。case n. 情况；病例；案例Doctors have reported several cases of cholera.据医生报告已发生了几宗霍乱病例。Hundreds of police are working on this case.数百名警察在调查此案。相关搭配：in case 以防；倘若in case of 如果；万一in this/ that case 如果这样/那样的话in any case 无论如何in nose case决不8. This is how the story goes.事情经过就是这样的。本句是一个含有表语从句的复合句，表语从句连接词的选用要看从句本身意义及语法成分来决定。句子相当于 This is the story.Thats why Im late.那就是我来晚的原因。Thats where they are mistaken.那正是他们的误会所在。go在此处作不及物动词，意为“表达为；写着”。The story goes that they fell in love and got married at last.故事中讲到他们相爱并最后结婚了。动词go除了意为“去、走”，还有很多用法，如“进行，进展”；“花费”；“消失，死”。All has gone well with our plans. 我们的计划进展的十分顺利。After his wife gone，he left that small town.在他的妻子死后，他离开了那个小镇。9. A football was accused of taking money for deliberately not scoring goals so as to let the other team win.一个足球运动员被控受贿，故意不进球，好让另一队赢球。10. He denied taking money but we were skeptical.他否认接受了贿赂，但我们怀疑他（的说法）。deny vt. 否定,否认; 拒绝给予;拒绝.的要求; (与oneself连用)节制;戒绝I do not deny that is a serious blow. (deny that)我不否认那是严重的一击。He denied having seen these watches before. (deny doing sth)他否认曾经见过这些手表。He didnt deny the facts. (deny sth) 他不否认事实。He denied the students a chance to speak. （deny sb sth）他拒绝给予学生讲话的机会。Women were then denied the right to vote. 那时妇女被拒给选举权。sceptical adj. 怀疑 skeptical of/about sth.Mary is sceptical about the solution. 玛丽对这个解决办法表示怀疑。But many others are sceptical. 但也有不少人持怀疑态度。11. So we arranged an interview between the footballer and the man supposed to bribe him.所以我们安排了一次对这个足球运动员及那个行贿人的采访。be supposed to 应当；认为必须；被认为He is supposed to here in about an hour.他大约一个小时后到。He was supposed to be an expert in this field.人们认为他是这方面的专家。be supposed to 后面接不定式的完成时，则表示理应做过某事（但可能没做），这里有虚拟的含义。He is supposed to have finished his work now. 他现在应当已经完成工作了。附加：gifted （a.）有天赋的gift(n) (talent)天才/天赋，才能He has the gift for music/of making friends.天生爱交朋友He is gifted (talented) in/at playing football. 12. She doesnt get absorbed in her studies for long.她很久没有专心学习了。get absorbed in专心于某事I got/was absorbed in the play and didnt hear the noise outside.我正集中精力看电视剧，没听到外面的吵闹声。He doesnt get absorbed in his businesses for long.他很长时间以来不专心处理业务。相关搭配：get absorbed in表动作，若表状态用be absorbed in。get/ be buried in专心于；陷入get/ be lost in专心于；陷入13. The law allows people to defend themselves against a charge.法律允许人们通过反对指控来保护自己。defend against 防卫以免于They defended our country against the enemys invasion.他们保卫我们的国家，使其不受敌人的侵略。（1）相关搭配：defend from/against 保护免受伤害defend oneself 自卫in defense of 为了保卫（2）辨析：defend, protect与guarddefend指抵御外来的威胁和攻击。protect除用于防御敌人进攻外，还指采取保护措施，防御风雨、疾病等。guard指小心谨慎地守卫、守护，以防出危险。14. Rewrite the inverted sentences using normal word order.用正常的语序改写这些倒装句。normal adj.正常的；正规的；标准的 n. 正常；标准 Weeping is a normal response to pain. 哭泣是痛苦的正常反应。The doctor said the childs temperature was normal. 医生说孩子体温正常。Things have returned to normal. 事情已恢复常态。相关搭配：return to normal恢复正常get sth. back to normal使恢复正常normal school 师范学校I hope the situation will soon return to normal.我希望目前的形势能尽快恢复正常。Im graduated from Beijing Normal University.我毕业于北京师范大学。15. We need it in this edition to be ahead of the other newspapers.我们这一版就要用，这样我们就抢在其它报纸前面了。be ahead of 在.之前；领先；胜过（前面可用well, far 来修饰，表示“遥遥领先”）He is well ahead of me in maths. 他的数学比我的好得多。The time in London is five hours ahead of the time in New York.伦敦的时间比纽约早五个小时。The prospects ahead of us are bright.（ahead 不能作前置定语，但可用作后置定语）我们的前途是光明的。16. He set to work.接着他便着手准备报道工作了。set to work意为“开始做工作”。He is about to set to work on a third book.他正着手开始第二本书的写作。I think we should set to work as soon as possible.我认为我们应该尽早开始工作。set to开始认真干了起来；争吵起来It was a hard job，but they set to and did it.这是个艰巨的任务，但他们坚决地干，终于完成了。The brothers set to and had to be punished by their father.他们兄弟争吵起来，都被他们父亲惩罚了。17. He would have to be accurate.他必须做到准确无误。(in)accuracy(n.)（不）精/正确(in)accurate(a.)（不）精确的(in)accurately(ad.)（不）精/正确地We hope to become more accurate in predicting earthquakes.我们希望能更准确地预测地震。His information was accurate. 他的情报是准确的.He accurately described what happened here.to be accuratebe accurate in/at辨析：accurate, correct, right与exact的区别accura