湖南省安仁县高中英语 Unit 2 Growing Pains定语从句（3）课件 牛津译林版必修1.ppt

定语从句 iii 定语从句 在复合句中 修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句 它的作用相当于一个形容词 定语从句通常位于它所修饰的名词或代词之后 这种名词或代词叫做先行词 引导定语从句的词为关系代词或关系副词 关系代词在定语从句中可作主语 宾语和定语 关系副词在定语从句中只作状语 1 先行词注意被定语从句所修饰的先行词的特点 即是人还是物 以及将要在定语从句中所充当的成分 如 thestudentwhoansweredthequestionwasmyfriend 先行词是student在定语从句中充当主语 thegirlyoumetjustnowismysister 先行词是girl在定语从句中作宾语 2 关系代词 关系副词引导定语从句的关系代词 关系副词 代替先行词在定语从句中充当成分 在定语从句中能作主语的关系代词有who that which其中who用于指人 which用于指物 that既可指人也可指物 如 anarchitectisapersonwho thatdesignhousesandbuildings thesupermarketwhich thatwasopenedlastweekisaverymodernone 在定语从句中能作宾语的关系代词有who whom which that其中who whom用于指人which用于指物that既可指人也可指物 如 thesuitwhich thatthetailormadeformedoesn tfitme themanwhom thatibeatinthetennisgamewasmyfather n 在定语从句中能作定语的关系代词有whose或the 名词 of which如 helivesintheroomwhosedoorisgreen helivesintheroomthedoorofwhichisgreen thegirlwhosefatherisateacherstudiesverywell thegirlthefatherofwhomisateacherstudiesverywell 在定语从句中作方式状语的关系副词常被省略如 thisistheway how heworkedouttheproblem n介词如果在定语从句的句首时 作宾语的关系代词只能用whom which且不可省略 如 themanwithwhomyoushookhandsjustnowistheheadofourdepartment themanwhomyoushookhandswithjustnowistheheadofourdepartment thisisthebooktowhichireferredinmytalk thisisthebook which ireferredtoinmytalk n非限制性定语从句和先行词关系不紧密用逗号和主句分开 另译作一句 作为一种补充说明即使去掉从句 主句的意思仍然清楚而限制性定语从句和先行词关系紧密从句不能去掉 如果去掉意思就不清楚且主句和从句之间无逗号一般译在先行词前面 n除that不可以引导非限制性定语从句外其他关系代词和关系副词均可引导非限制性定语从句 allthebooks whichhavepictureshavebeensenttothem hehasabrotherwhoisadoctor 他有一个当医生的兄弟 也许不止一个兄弟 hehasabrother whoisadoctor 他有个兄弟 他是一个医生 nwhich在所引导的非限制性定语从句 有时可以修饰整个主句即代替主句的意义 theexaminationhasbeenputoff whichiswhatwewant 考试被推迟了 这正是我们希望的 marywaslateagain whichmadeherteacherangry 玛丽又迟到了 这使她的老师非常生气 n只用which不用that的情况 1 引导非限制性定语从句时bambooishollow whichmakesitverylight 2 当关系代词前有介词时theroominwhichmyfamilyliveusedtobeagarage 3 当先行词本身为that时 thatwhichyoutoldhimaboutiswhatwewanttoknow你告诉他的正是我们想知道的 n只用that不用which的情况 1 先行词有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时如 thefirstplacethatwevisitedwasthegreatwall thisisthebestfilmthathaseverbeenmade 2 先行词前有only few little right any all one等修饰时theonlyfurniture that hehadintheroomwasachairandasmalldesk thereislittletimethatwecanuse 3 先行词是不定代词some all anything little much something everything nothing none等时thatisall that iwanttosay isthereanything that icandoforyou 4 先行词为人和物的名词词组theytalkedaboutpersonsandthingsthattheyrememberedintheschool 5 主句前who whom有时whoisthemanthatisreadingthenewspaperoverthere 6 在therebe或therelive结构中先行词指物thereisabookonthedeskthatiamveryinterestedin 7 先行词指物在主句中作表语isthisthebookthatyouborrowedinthelibrary 8 在way 指方法 后面常用that代替how或inwhich结构thatwastheway that hedidit 9 time 表示次数 前有序数词修饰thatwasthelasttimethatimether 10 习惯用法中that可以用作关系副词代替 in on for which及whenwhere why 而且that可省略thewaythat inwhich youlookatproblemiswrong ineverforgettheday when that onwhich iwenttoschool20yearsago doyouknowanywhere that where icangetadrink i dliketoknowthereason that why forwhich youwon tcome 11 当先行词前有thesame修饰时或当先行词和关系代词指同一人或物时thisisthesamemanthat whoitoldyouabout thisisthebookthatiboughtyesterday 只用who的情况 1 先行词为those指人thosewhowanttogothereraiseyourhands 2 therebe live 结构中先行词指人thereisayoungmanoutsidewhoasksforyou therelivedakingwhowaskindtohispeople 3 先行词为指人的不定代词one anyone noone all nobody anybody none等anyonewhobrokethewindowwouldbepunished weshouldlearnfromtheonewhobenefitsus n选用关系副词不能光看先行词是否是表示时间 地点和原因的名词 而必须分析从句谓语动词与先行词之间的逻辑关系 如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语则他仍须用关系代词which或that 如 wewillneverforgettheday whichwespenttogether iliketotakemyvacationinthemountain whichisquietandbeautiful thatisthereason whichhegaveusforhisaction nas引导限制性定语从句时 先行词常用such和same修饰 as在从句中不省略如 heusedsuchexpressionsashecouldfindnthetests theystayedforthenightinthesameroomastheyhadoncerented as引导非限制性定语从句时 as代表整个主句的意义 定语从句在主句中的位置比较灵活 如 heisateacher asisclearfromhismanner taiwan asisknowntoeveryone isapartofchina n定语从句修饰of前面的词还是of后面的词 要看of前面的词是否有定冠词修饰 如 tomisoneoftheboyswhowerelatethismorning 汤姆是所有早上迟到的男孩中的一员 tomistheonlyoneoftheboyswhowaslatethismorning 汤姆是所有男孩中早上迟到的唯一个 exercises 1 thereare102elements 化学元素 foundinnature aremetals2 thehouse roofwasdamagedhasnowbeenrepaired 3 ihaveneverbeentoromebutthat sthecityi dmostliketovisit 4 thereason ihavenotdonemyhomeworkistherearetoomanydifficultpoints 5 gonearethedays iwasyoung theseventy year oldmansaid 6 thisistheplace helivedinhischildhood 7 thepen hewritesidhero60 8 mrs leewillmoveintohernewhousenextmonday itwillbecompletelyfurnished 9 thisistheverybus we llgotothetheater 10 thebestplay shakespearewroteisprobablykinglear butsomepeopledon tthinkso 11 heistheonlyoneoftheteachers spanishinourschool 12 kinghenryreceivedaletterfrommr lirpa announced 宣布 hehadfinallysolvedthesecretoflight 13 iboutanewbook isverybeautiful 14 ihaveabook veryinteresting 15 onlyatwenty minutewalkfromhisvillageisalittlevalleysetamonghehills isoneofthequietestplacesintheworld 16 those arewillingtoattendtheparty signhere 17 therearemanyplaces wecanvisitinchina 18 hewaslookingpleasantlyatthechildrenandparcels filledhisbus 19 whicharethebooks youboughtforme 20 thevillageisnolongertheone was5yearsago 21 whoisthatgirl isstandingbythewindow 22 doyouknowmr smith storyisverymoving 23 thereisaroom windowfacestheriver 24 thereisaroom thewindow facestheriver 25 suchbooks youboughtareuseful 26 theschoolisjustthesame itwas10yearsago 27 iwanttousethesametool youusedjustnow 28 hedidn tpasstheexam wehadexpected 29 thereislotsofairinloosesnow cankeepthecoldout 30 isknown theearthisround notflat 31 idon tliketheway hetalks 32 thisisthefirsttimeihavegivenyoualessoninfrench 33 itisthemuseum wevisitedlastyear 34 weexpressedtothemourwish thesameastheirs 35 heistheonlyoneofthestudents hasgotverygoodmarksinthematch 36 heisoneofthestudents havegotgoodmarksinthematch 37 isthistheplace wevisitedlastyear 38 isthisplace wevisitedlastyear 39 hestoodatthewindow hecouldseewhatwashappening 40 isknowntoeverybody thenoontravelsaroundtheearthonceeverymonth 41 afterlivinginparisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown hegrewupasachild 42 hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery ithinkisofgreatimportancetoscience 43 intheofficeineverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5 30p m manypeoplehavegonehome 44 shehasboughtthesamesortofwashingmachine youhave 45 thereisnothingintheworld canfrightenher 46 hepaidtheboy10dollarsforwashing10windows mostof hadn tbeencleanedforatleastayear 47 alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss cameasasurprise 48 shelikestousewords iscleartohim 49 ishallneverforgetthosedays ilivesinthecountrywiththefarmers hasagreateffectinmylife 50 mr smithisoneoftheforeign