新概念英语二经典语法解Lesson6.doc

New Concept English 新概念英语语法经典讲解Lesson Six Percy Buttons1. I have just moved to a house in Bridge Street. move vt. vi. 动，移动；搬家，搬迁 a. -Has Ian moved to his new house yet? 伊恩已经迁进新居了吗？ -Hes going to move tomorrow. 他打算明天搬迁。 - 王治霖已经迁进新居了吗？_-他昨天就搬迁了。_ b. Jack has moved out. John will move in the day after tomorrow.2. Yesterday a beggar knocked at my door. knock vi. 敲门; n. 敲门声a. Someone is knocking at the door. 有人在敲门。b. He knocked before going in. c. I knocked, but no one answered. 我敲了敲门，但是没人答应。 d. Did you hear the knock at the door? 我敲了又敲，但是臧金铭就是不答应。“我没有听到敲门声。”她后来告诉我_ vt., vi. 碰撞： a. You always knock things off the table. 你总是碰掉桌上的东西。 王治霖总是碰掉桌上的东西。今早晨，他把餐桌（a dining table）上的盘子碰掉了。_b. Jim was knocked over by a bus this morning. 今天上午吉姆被一辆公共汽车撞了。 今天上午一个老太太被一辆车撞倒了。_ _ 李佳芮被王治霖用自行车撞倒了。她站起来扇了他几个耳光（slap his face）。 _c. A child was in hospital last night after being knocked down by a car.c. She knocked a cup over again. The cup rolled over and fell off the table. 她又碰倒了一个杯子。 杯子打了一个滚，滚下了桌子。 vt. 把（某人）打成状态： a. Bob is very strong. He knocked Tom out yesterday. 鲍勃很强壮，他昨天把汤姆打昏过去了。 王治霖不是很强壮，他昨天被李佳芮打晕了过去。_ 与off连用时有一些特殊的含义。一般用于口语。 vt.（价格上）减去，除去，打折扣： a. They knocked five dollars off the price of the coat. 他们把这件上衣的价格降低了5美元。 vi. 下班，停止，中断（工作等）： a. When do you usually knock off? 你一般什么时候下班？ b. He knocked off for lunch at half past eleven. 他11点半休息吃中午饭。 你现在不想用knock off来造句吗？ _3. He asked me for a meal and a glass of beer. ask sb. for sth. 向某人要某物 ask for sth. a. He asked his friends for advice. = He asked for his friends advice.他征求朋友们的意见。 王治霖向他的老师咨询如何学好英语。_ _ b. He never asks his parents for money. c. The boy asked (his parents) for money again. d. He is foolish to behave in that way；he is asking for trouble他那样做是愚蠢的，是自找麻烦。(这真是个好句子，背过吧！) 3. In return for this, the beggar stood on his head and sang songs. in return (for ) 作为报答，作为交换a. You lent me this interesting book last month. In return (for it), Ill show you some picture books. 你上个月把这本有趣的书借给了我。作为报答，我将给你看一些画册。上个月臧金铭借给了李佳芮五十元。作为报答，李佳芮借给了她_ b. In return for your help, I invite you to spend the weekend with my family. 你帮了我的忙。作为报答，我要请你与我的家人一起过这个周末。 c. He doesnt want anything in return. 他不想得到任何回报。 d. Ill buy a present for him in return for hospitality.stand on ones head 倒立 stand on ones knees 跪着 lie on ones side 侧躺 lie on ones stomach 趴着4. Then he put a piece of cheese in his pocket and went away. a piece/set of furniture two pieces of cheese a bar of chocolate/soap a packet of cigarette 王治霖给了李佳芮一个苹果。作为回报，李佳芮给了他一块巧克力。 _ 5. Later a neighbor told me about him. tell sb. about sb./sth., about: 关于，通过其他事自己得出结论， tell sb. sth. 告诉某人某件事（把事情直接告诉） a. Please tell me about the accident. b. He spoke to me about his dog. c. I have read about him.d. Ill tell about your stealing the cakes. 我要把你偷蛋糕的事说出去。 王治霖，我要把你偷蛋糕的事告诉你妈妈。_ 臧金铭把王治霖偷蛋糕的事告诉了他妈妈。作为报复，他把臧金铭偷苹果的事告诉了他爸爸。_ _6. He calls at every house in the street once a month.call vt., vi. 叫，喊： I heard someone calling. 我听见有人在喊叫。 vt. 呼唤，召唤： Lucy is sick. Please call a doctor. 露西病了。请去叫个医生来。 vi. 访问，拜访；（车、船等）停靠： call at/in + 地点 拜访,访问 某人的家 call on sb. + 人 拜访,访问某人call by at + 某地 (口语) (路过) 顺便到a. Amy called (at our house) yesterday. 艾米昨天来（我们家）了。 李佳芮昨天去王治霖家了，但是王治霖不太欢迎她的来访。_b. I have just called on Mr. Frith. 我刚刚去看望过弗里斯先生。 下个周王治霖要去看望 _c. The train calls at large stations only. 这列火车只停大站。 d. You can call in or ring me up. e. Ill call by at the shops on my way home. 在回家的路上我会顺便去趟商店。 f. He called by at his friends on the way to the airport.他在往机场途中顺道到朋友家访问 昨天我在往家走的路上顺道到刘东鑫家访问。_g. I shall call on him tomorrow. h. I called at Mr. Browns yesterday. 昨天我去布朗先生家拜访 call sb. = call up sb. 给某人打电话 call back 给某人回电话 a. Can you take a message for me? Can you tell him to call back?Once a month once every two month twice a month three times a weeka. Jane wrote to her parents once a week.b. He goes back to the South once a year.Key structures and usage:1. First then later This morning I got up very late. First I put on my clothes, then I relieved myself, and later I brushed my teeth. 2. 用在可数名词前，表示数量的修饰词： a(an), some, a few, many, a great number of, a great many, lots of 用在不可数名词前，表示数量的修饰词： some, a little, much, a great deal of, a lot of 表示计量单位的说法： a glass of milk two bags of flour a bar of soap a cup of tea a piece of cloth3. a, the与some的用法 当表示不确定的某个人或东西时，用不定冠词a/an: He bought a book this afternoon. 今天下午他买了本书。 There is a man in front of your car. 你的汽车前面有一个男人。 当表示不可数的名词时，则需要由不定冠词加量词组成词组： A cup of coffee, please. 请给我来一杯咖啡。 I need a sheet of paper. 我需要一张纸。 当表示一类事物的性质、状态时，可以用下列方法表示： A tiger is a dangerous animal. 老虎是一种危险的动物。 Tigers are dangerous. 老虎是危险的。 Salt is necessary for/ to us all. 我们大家都需要盐。 some用于表示不确定的某些人或东西，可数和不可数都可以： He put some books on the desk. 他把一些书放在了桌上。 Some students are absent today. 今天有些学生缺席了。 I like to put some sugar in the soup. 我喜欢在汤里加些糖。 如果指某个确定的人或事物或者上文已提到过的人或事物，则要用定冠词the（有时相当于this/ that）: The man has just left. 那人刚走。 Do you still want the ticket? 你还想要这张票吗？ Yesterday I saw a beautiful skirt in a shop. But the skirt was too expensive. 昨天我在商店看见一条漂亮的裙子。但是那裙子太贵了。 在姓名、地名、国名（非复合词）以及月份、星期等前面不加任何冠词： Tom is in Germany now. He studies physics in Berlin. He has a house in Bridge Street. 汤姆现在在德国。他在柏林学习物理学。在大桥街他有一所房子。 April is a pleasant month. 4月气候宜人。 He has classes on Monday. 他星期一有课。 冠词的用法比较复杂，需慢慢积累。来看一段小文章：A man is walking towards me. The man is carrying a parcel. The parcel is full of meat. The man has just bought some meat. A dog is following the man. The dog is looking at the parcel. 一个男人朝我走来。他拿着一个包。包里装满了肉。他刚刚买了些肉。一条狗跟着他，它正盯着他的那个包。3短语动词 (Phrasal verbs) 许多动词加上介词或副词后就会改变词义，因此需要记住整个短语，并根据上下文的意义判断动词在句子中的意思。常见的短语动词有： put on（穿上，戴上）， take off（脱掉，摘掉）， look for （寻找），look after（照顾，照料）： Dont put the cup on the table! 别把杯子放在桌上！