高中英语必修一必修二知识点.doc

高中必修一必修二知识点Unit 1Friendship()单词拼写1Children today spend more and more time inside the house instead of playing outdoors (在户外)2Sarah sounded upset (伤心的) when I said you wouldnt go shopping with her.3I made a suggestion but they chose to ignore (忽视) it.4I am very grateful (感激的) to all those who took the trouble to write to me.5In face of danger, its very important to keep calm (镇静的)6When it rains, why do we see the lightning first; then hear the thunder (雷)?7There is a curtain (窗帘) hanging before his window in the bedroom.8If you can guess correctly, I would like you to be my language exchange partner (伙伴；搭档)()用所给词的适当形式填空1It is hard to imagine the pain and suffering (suffer) they went through in the war.2The doctors had given her up but she made an excellent recovery (recover)3Try not to say anything about the idea until you have understood it entirely (entire)4It is beyond my power (powerful) to finish the task in two hours.5To be honest, I know exactly (exact) how she felt.()语境填词(用所给词的适当形式填空)1Our parents are concerned about our health and future.As far as Im concerned,_we should talk with our parents and tell them our concerns.(concern)2A few people agreed while most people disagreed,_so no agreement was made.(agree)1My father often works deep into the night so we are_concerned_about_his_health (担心他的健康)2I set_down (记下) all the folk stories in the local area as they were told to me. Would you like to have a look?3Since you get/are_tired_of (厌烦) going to the office every day, why not look for another job?4After a threemonth investigation, the police decided that the fire was started on_purpose (故意地)5His business expenses add_up_to_around_$4,000 (加起来大约是4 000美元) a year.6Since we all live under one room, we should learn how_to_get_along_well_with (如何相处好) one another.7That was the last time that he had_talked_with_his_father_face_to_face (与父亲面对面地交谈)8We were surprised by what_the_little_girl_went_through (小女孩的经历) when she was cheated and sold to the mountain village.9Will you join_me_in (和我一起) looking for a present for my best friend?10Please pack_everything_up (整理好一切东西) before you leave.11This autumn the BBC will be showing a_series_of_French_films (一系列法国电影)12Youre too excited. We will discuss the problem when_you_calm_down (当你冷静时)一、常考词汇细点拨1upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的 vt.使不安；使心烦；打翻 高考佳句Upsetting people with unsigned message is cruel and disgusting.(2013安徽高考阅读D)用匿名信息骚扰他人是令人痛苦的，也是令人厌恶的。(1) be upset about/over/at sth.为某事心烦 be upset that . 让人不安/心烦(2)upset oneself about sth. 为某事而烦恼 It upsets sb. to do sth./that . 让某人心烦的是 In my opinion, there is no point being upset about it.依我看，为此事难过没有意义。Dont upset_yourself_about it no harm has been done.不要为那件事烦恼没有造成损失。2add vt. & vi.增加；添加；补充说 教材原句Add up your score and see how many points you get.把你的分数加起来看看能得多少分。(1)add up把加起来add sth.to sth. 把加到/进里add up to 加起来共计/达(不用于被动语态)add to 增加；增添add that . 补充说(2)addition n. 加；(数)加法；增加in addition 另外in addition to 除之外3calm vt. & vi.(使)平静；(使)镇定 adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的 教材原句You will ignore the bell and go somewhere quiet to calm your friend down.你不理会上课铃，而是去安静的地方安慰你的朋友。calm (sb.) down(使某人)平静下来；镇静下来stay/keep/be calm 保持镇静In this state, the baby is difficult to calm down and sleep is impossible.在这种状态下，婴儿很难安静下来，睡觉也不可能安稳。He kept_calm in face of great danger, which surprised us all.面对巨大危险，他还是保持镇静，这使我们都非常吃惊。4concern vt.(使)担忧；涉及；关系到n.关心；关注；(利害)关系 教材原句You will tell your friend that you are concerned about him/her and you will meet after class and talk then.告诉你的朋友你关心他/她，下课后你们就见面谈谈。(1)show/express concern about/for对表示关心(2)be concerned about/over/for 关心；挂念be concerned with/in 牵扯进/参与as/so far as . be concerned 就而言(3)concerning prep. 关于；有关They follow the rules, help out, and are concerned about the people they work with.他们遵守规则，帮助别人克服困难，关心他们的同事。And as_far_as_your_body_is_concerned,_its “use it, or lose it”！(2013浙江高考阅读B)就你的身体而言，就是“用进废退”。All the people concerned with the case will be questioned by the police.所有参与这个案件的人警察都要审问。He asked several questions concerning the future of the company.他问了几个有关公司前途的问题。5suffer vt.& vi.遭受；忍受；经历 教材原句She suffered from loneliness, but she had to learn to like it there.她感到孤独，但她得学会喜欢住在那里。(1)suffer vt.遭受；蒙受，其后常接pain, loss, defeat, hunger, damage等名词作宾语(2)suffer vi.后常接from，表示“受折磨；受之苦；患某种疾病”(3)suffering nU痛苦；苦难pl.痛苦；苦恼Having suffered defeat after defeat, he began to lose faith in himself.遭受了一次又一次的失败，他开始对自己失去信心。Not only can the environment of a country suffer_from the sudden growth of tourism. The people as well rapidly feel its effects. (2013江西高考阅读D)不仅仅这个国家的环境遭受旅游业激增的困扰，而且这里的人们也很快感受到它的影响。The old man went through all kinds of sufferings during the war.这位老人在战争期间经历了各种痛苦。 熟词生义读句子猜含义The police is reported to have recovered the stolen jewellery. 找回主题串记(记的更多、更快、更长久！)请根据提示写出除disagree以外其他以dis为前缀的高频单词 1dislike vt.不喜欢；厌恶 2disappear vi. 不见；消失 3disappoint vt. 使失望 4discourage vt. 使气馁；使沮丧 5discover vt. 发现 1go through经历；通过；仔细检查；完成 教材原句Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going through?或者害怕你的朋友嘲笑你，或者不理解你正经历的事情？一词多义写出下列句中go through的含义The plan went through, which made us all happy.通过This year we have gone through too many natural disasters, such as earthquakes, floods and mudslides.经历I had just gone through my homework when the telephone rang.完成I always start the day by going through my mail.查阅go against违背；违反go by 逝去；过去go on 继续；进行；发生go out 出去；熄灭go over 复习；仔细检查go up 上涨；上升；攀登If you go against nature, it will punish you.如果你违背了自然，它就会惩罚你。To get a better grade, you should go_over the notes again before the test.为了取得更好的成绩，你应该在考试前再复习一下笔记。2get along/on with与某人相处；某事进展(如何) 教材原句Im getting along well with a boy in my class.我跟我们班的一个男生相处得很好。(1)get along/on (well/nicely) with sb.与某人相处得(好)get along/on (well/nicely/smoothly) with sth. 某事进展得(好/顺利)(2)get across 讲清楚；(使)被领会get about/around (消息)传开get through (电话)接通；用完；通过get over 克服He is easygoing, so it is pleasant to get along with him.他很随和，因此和他相处很愉快。How are you getting on with your English lesson?Very well.你的英语课程学得怎么样？很好。Your papers wouldnt get across if you used too many technical terms in it.如果你用了过多的专业术语，你的论文就不会被人理解。链接高考(2013江苏高考)Team leaders must ensure that all members _ their natural desire to avoid the embarrassment associated with making mistakes.Aget over Blook overCtake over Dcome over解析：选A考查动词短语辨析。句意：团队领导必须确保所有的成员克服他们的本能欲望以避免因犯错而带来的尴尬。get over“克服”，符合句意。look over“检查”；take over“接管”；come over“顺便来访”。短语对点集训 .选词填空on purpose， get along with， set down， a series of， get tired of， go through， at dusk， fall in love with1He was asked to set_down the facts just as he remembered them.2The police went_through the whole building but didnt find anything valuable.3Having got_tired_of staying indoors for days, we are longing to go out and relax ourselves.4Usually its very hard to get_along_with the man who has a bad temper.5The government has taken a_series_of measures to stop house prices from rising sharply.6How can you say that?Sorry. I didnt mean to hurt you on_purpose.7As soon as I came to the old town, I fell_in_love_with it immediately.8The summer sky was always beautiful at_dusk in the countryside.直接引语和间接引语()1Our teacher told us that the earth _ around the sun yesterday.Ago Bwent Cto go Dgoes解析：选D直接引语变间接引语时，若直接引语表示的是客观真理，则间接引语时态不变(一般现在时)。2An English teacher asked his students, “Are you interested in my lessons？”An English teacher asked his students if _ were interested in _ lessons.Ayou; Byou; his Cthey; my Dthey; his解析：选D直接引语变间接引语时，若直接引语主语为第二人称，则间接引语(宾语从句)的主语与主句的宾语在人称上保持一致，即you 变为they；由句意可知句中的my 应改为his。3Having seen the film, he said what a wonderful film he _.Asaw Bhas seen Chad seen Dwould see解析：选C考查时态。句意：看完电影后，他说他看了一部多棒的电影啊。主句动词用了过去时态(said)，间接引语也要用过去某种时态；而他说这句话是在看完电影后，故“看电影”应用过去完成时。4He told us that there _ a football match at 19 oclock.Awere going to have Bis going to be Cwill be Dwas going to be解析：选D考查间接引语中的时态。主句为一般过去时，在间接引语中，要用过去将来时态。而且a football match为单数，因此用was going to be。A项中的另外一个错误在于there be句式变形中不能使用“have”。.单项填空1(2014齐鲁名校高三联合测试)Help! Help! Police ._， madam. Whats the trouble?ABe quietBCalm downCShut your mouth DSo rude解析：选B考查情景对话。句意：“救命！救命！警察”“冷静点，夫人。出了什么事？”calm down“(使)平静下来；(使)镇定”，符合题意。其他选项均不符合语境。2(2014武汉市武昌区高三联考)What I want to _ to teenagers is that being addicted to the Internet will to some degree do harm to both mental and physical health.Aget off Bget through Cget across Dget down解析：选C考查动词短语辨析。句意：我想给青少年们讲清楚的是沉迷于网络在一定程度上对身心健康有害。get across“把讲清楚”，符合句意。get off“动身；出发”；get through“顺利通过(考试等)”；get down“写下；记下”。3(2014万州区一诊)Did you receive the letter the next day?No.Somehow, it was three weeks _ I received it.Asince Bwhen Cthat Dbefore解析：选D考查连词辨析。句意：“你第二天收到这封信了吗”“没有，三个星期之后我才收到。”It was时间段before意为“过了多长时间才”，主句用一般过去时，从句也应为一般过去时。4(2014成都第三次诊断)When first _ down in Chengdu, Maria found herself unable to get used to the spicy food.Asettling Bsettled Csettles Dto settle解析：选A考查非谓语动词。句意：刚在成都定居时，Maria发现自己很不适应这里的辛辣食物。分析句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词，settle与其逻辑主语Maria之间构成主动关系，而且动作已经发生，故选A，现在分词作时间状语。5(2014马鞍山高三模拟)Schools in China are required to _ at least one “Sports Day” per academic year.Aset aside Bset down Cset out Dset off解析：选A考查动词短语辨析。句意：中国的学校被要求每学年留出至少一个“运动日”。set aside“留出；拨出”；set down“写下；记下”；set out“动身；出发”；set off“出发；爆炸”。6(2014兰州一中考前冲刺)It is the third time so far that such a festival _ in my hometown.Ais held Bhas been held Cwill be held Dhad been held解析：选BIt is the first/second .time that .结构中的从句常用现在完成时，故选B项。7(2014天津十二区县联考)This football player was accused of taking money for not scoring goals _.Aby chance Bon end Cin turn Don purpose解析：选D句意：这名足球运动员被指控拿了钱故意不进球。on purpose“故意地”，符合题意。by chance“偶然地”；on end“连续地”；in turn“依次；反过来”。8How can Linda _ from her illness in this room when its so dirty and cold? It will only make her worse.Aescape Brecover Cseparate Dgraduate解析：选B在本句中，四个动词均可以与介词from搭配，但构成的短语意义各不相同，escape from“从中逃跑、逃脱”；recover from“从恢复、康复”；separate from“(使)从中分离”；graduate from“毕业于”。根据语境可知选B项。9(2014三峡名校联盟联考)After _ series of unsuccessful attempts, he has finally passed _ driving test.A/; the Ba; the Cthe; a D/; a解析：选B句意：经过连续几次的失败，他最终通过了驾驶考试。a series of是固定短语，意为“一系列；一连串”，所以第一个空用不定冠词a；第二个空用定冠词the，特指驾驶考试。10(2014德州模拟)Where did you find the professor who made the speech yesterday?It was in the hall _ the students often have a meeting.Awhere BwhichCthat Dwhen解析：选A完整的答句为强调句式，强调地点状语in the hall，后面省略了that I found the professor。“_ the students often have a meeting”为定语从句，where引导定语从句，指代先行词the hall.11I am tired _ the partner I have been working with; he is too hard a person _.Awith; to get along withBfrom; to be got along withCof; to get along withDof; getting along with解析：选C句意：我很烦一起工作的搭档，他是个很难相处的人。be tired of“厌倦”；get along with .“与相处”。12(2014杭州学军中学高三质检)I said hello to you in the street yesterday, but you _ me completely.Im sorry. Maybe I didnt notice you.Acheated Bhid Cignored Drecognized解析：选C考查动词词义辨析。由问句中的“我和你打招呼”及答句中的“或许我没有注意到你”可知C项ignore“忽视；不理睬”，符合语境。cheat“欺骗”；hide“躲藏”；recognize “认出”。13(2014南京金陵中学模拟)I failed again, but my parents encouraged me and told me that failure _ the mother of success.Awas Bis Cbe Dhas been解析：选B表示“真理、事实”的直接引语变为间接引语时，时态不变，仍用一般现在时。14(2014宜宾五校第二次调研考试)Teachers Day is a time to be _ to all teachers who deserve special recognition.Aavailable Bgrateful Cgenerous Dridiculous解析：选B考查形容词辨析。句意：教师节是向所有老师表示感谢的时候，他们理应受到这样的特殊认可。grateful“感激的；表示感谢的”，符合句意。available“可获得的”；generous“大方的；慷慨的”；ridiculous“荒唐的”。15Must I do well in all the subjects, Mum?Sure, baby! As an old saying goes, knowledge is _.Acommand Beffort Cpower Denergy解析：选C句意：“妈妈，我一定要各科成绩优异吗？”“当然了。俗话说得好，知识就是力量。”power“力量”，符合句意。()单词拼写1Let me get this straight (直接地) Tom sold the house and gave you the money?2The businessman speaks with a heavy Scottish accent (口音)3Mans dream of making a space voyage (航行) finally came true.4Has the company officially (正式地) confirmed the appointment?5Some medical experts will study the case at the request (要求) of the hospital.6She studied eight languages but is fluent (流利的) in only four of them.7This latter (后面的) point was of great importance.8His apartment is three blocks (街区) away from the police station.()用所给词的适当形式填空1My computer has a program which can correct my spelling(s) (spell) automatically.2Please set off earlier because the buses run less frequently (frequent) on Sundays.3Good books can enrich (rich) mans inner life.4Nearly one hundred countries recognize English as their official (office) language.5This tree looks tall and strong but actually (actual) its trunk is hollow.6Gradually (gradual) the farmland turned into a desert.()语境填词(用所给词的适当形式填空)1I can hardly express how grateful I feel. I will give him a present as an expression of gratitude.(express)2He had changed so much that you couldnt recognize him. As a matter of fact, illness and age changed him beyond recognition. (recognize)1Scientists are developing new ways to make_good_(full)_use_of (充分利用) the solar energy more effectively.2He was very angry because_of (因为) what you said.3Dont hesitate to call me whenever anything comes_up (出现；发生)4Because of the flood, the_number_of (的数量) homeless people has increased rapidly.5The Chinese government plays_an_important_part_in (在方面起着重要的作用) international affairs.6Believe_it_or_not (信不信由你), I didnt get into trouble for being late for the grammar class today.7The local economy is still dependent on traditional industries such_as (例如) farming and mining.8Im afraid he has been away on business at_present (现在；目前)一、常考词汇细点拨1base vt.以为根据 n基部；基地；基础 教材原句It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.当时的英语更多是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。(1)base . on/upon .把建立于基础之上be based on/upon 以为基础；依据(2)at the base of 以为基点；在的底部(3)basic adj. 基本的；基础的basis n. 基础；基本原则We should base the theory on careful research.我们应该把理论建立在仔细研究的基础上。The film based_on the novel by Mo Yan is well worth seeing.根据莫言的小说改编的电影非常值得观看。The government provides them with not only food and shelter, but also the_basic_skills for their living.政府不仅为他们提供食物和住处，还为他们提供基本的谋生技能。链接高考(2012江苏高考)_ an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.ABasedBBasing CBase DTo base解析：选B考查非谓语动词。句意：把一个重要的决定更多地建立在情感基础上，而不是以理性思考为基础，你迟早会后悔的。此处动词base与其逻辑主语you之间构成主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语，故选B项。2command nC命令；指令；U掌握vt.命令；指挥；支配；博得；赢得 经典例句Applicants will be expected to have a good command of English.(牛津P390)申请人必须精通英语。(1)at sb.s command听某人支配under ones command under the command of sb. 由某人指挥be in command of 掌握；控制take command of 控制have a good command of 掌握；精通(尤指语言)(2)command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事command that . (should) do . 命令Im at your command what would you like me to do?我听从你的吩咐你要我做什么？Only when you have_a_good_command_of vocabulary, will reading no longer be your obstacle. 只有掌握充足的词汇，阅读才不会成为你的拦路虎。He commanded that we_should_finish the work in an hour.He commanded us_to_finish the work in an hour.他命令我们一个小时内完成这项工作。3request n& vt.请求；要求 经典例句All members of the club are requested to attend the annual meeting.(朗文P1281)请俱乐部的全体会员务必参加年会。(1)request sb. to do sth.请求某人做某事request that . (should) do sth. 请求It is requested that . (should) do sth. 据要求(2)make (a) request for . 请求；要求at sb.s request at the request of sb. 应某人之要求My parents requested that I should learn a second foreign language. My parents requested me to learn a second foreign language.我父母要求我再学一门外语。It_is_requested_that all the articles should be related to the students life.要求所有的文章与学生的生活有关。The kidnappers were merciless and Gettys son made repeated requests for help from his father.(2013山东高考阅读表达)绑架者毫无慈悲之心，Getty的儿子不断向他的父亲求助。名师指津后跟虚拟语气的动词：一坚持：insist; 二命令：order, command; 三建议：suggest, advise, recommend; 四要求：demand, request, require, desire; 再加一个敦促：urge。4recognize vt.辨认出；承认；公认 高考佳句Number sense is not the ability to count. It is the ability to recognize a change in number.(2013广东高考完形填空)数字感并不只是数数的能力，它是识别数字变化的能力。(1)recognize sb./ones voice 认出某人/听出某人的声音be recognized to be/as . 被认作/被认为是recognize that . 承认It is recognized that . 人们公认(2)recognition n. 认出；认识beyond (all) recognition 认不出来I recognized his voice the moment he opened his mouth.他一张嘴说话，我就听出了他的声音。We had to recognize that they had many ad