电气工程专业英语复习资料.doc

1、One type of electrical circuit is referred to as a series circuit. In a series circuit, there is only one path for current to flow. Since there is only one current path , the current flow is the same value in any part of the circuit. The voltages in the circuit depend on the resistance of the components in the circuit.（一个典型的电路称为串联电路。在串联电路中，只能有一个电流流动的路径。因此一个电流路径的电流流动，同时也是同一个电流值在其他部分的电路流动。该电路中电压依赖电阻来改变的。）2、When an AC source is connected to some type of load (当交流电源连接到某种类型的负荷),current direction （方向）changes several times in a given unit of time（给定时间）.交流电流的特点3、A circuit that employs a numerical signal (数字信号)in its operation is classified as a digital circuit. 数字电路定义4、When a NOT gate is combined with an AND gate or an OR gate, it is called a combination logic gate. A NOT-AND gate is called a NAND gate, which is an inverted AND gate. Mathmatically, the operation of a NAND gate is A*B=C. A combination NOT-OR, or OR, gate produces a negation of the OR function. Mathmatically the operation of a NOT gate is A+B=C. A1 appears at the output only when A is 0and B is 0.（当一个非门与与门或者一个或门结合，就称它为组合逻辑门。一个非门和与门叫做一个与非门，这是一个倒闸。从数学公式来看，一个与非门是A*B=C。非门和或门结合成或非门，或者或门，都是否定或功能。从数学公式来看,一个非门是A+B=C. 只有当A和B都为0时输出电路才出现1。）5、The two laws of magnetism are like poles repel,and unlike poles attracr.(同性相斥，异性相吸)5、The most common arrangement, which is used with only minor variations from small drivers of say 0.5kW up to the largest industrial drives of several megawatts, is the so-called two-loop control. This has an inner feedback loop to control the current ( and hence torque ) and an outer loop to control speed. When position control is called for, a further outer position loop is added.（最常见的系统，是一些细小的变化可以引起从0.5kw的小驱动上升到几个兆瓦的工业大驱动，这就是所谓的双闭环控制。即一个内环的反馈回路来控制电流和外环控制速度。当有位置控制要求是，进一步增加一个外环位置控制）6、These two types if architecture are found in single-chip microcomputers. Some employ the split program/data memory of the Harvard architecture. Others follow the philosophy, widely adopted for general-purpose computers and microprocessors, of making no logical distinction between program and data memory as in the Princeton architecture.（这两类结构是建立在单片机基础上的。一个是将程序/数据存储分开的结构叫做哈佛结构。另一个理论，广泛应用于通用计算机和微处理器上，使程序和数据存储之间没有逻辑上的区别的普林斯顿结构。）7、PID：proportional(比例)、integral（积分）、derivative（微分）8、induction motor 感应电动机 9、Harvard architecture 哈佛结构 10、magnetic field 磁场 11、adjustable speed 调速 12、flip-flops 触发器 13、active passtive filter 有无源滤波器14、integratedcircuit 集成电路 15、digital analog electronics 数字模拟电子技术16、electromotive force 电动势 17、silicon steel 硅钢片 18、electrical angle 电角度19、In rotating machines, voltages are generated in windings or groups of coils by rotating these windings mechanically though a magnetic field, by mechanically rotating a magnetic field past the winding, or by designing the magnetic circuit so that the reluctance varies with rotation of the rotor.(绕组中的电流是怎么产生的)（在旋转电机中，绕组或线圈组中产生的电压可以中的绕组获得，也可以通过旋转绕组所处的磁场或通过设计磁路使磁阻随着转子转动而变化来获得。）20、In some machines, such as variable-reluctance machines（变磁阻电机） and stepper motors（步进电机）, there are no windings on the rotor.21、A commutator typically consists of a set of copper segments, fixed around part of the circumference of the rotor, and a set of spring-loaded brushes fixed to the stationary frame of the machine. The external source of current ( for a motor ) or electrical load ( for a generator ) is connected to the brushes.（换向器通常由一些铜条组成，一部分固定在转子的周边，和一套弹簧电刷固定在电机的固定架上。外部电流源（电动机）或电路负载（发电机）连接到电刷。）22、To understand the working of a transformer it is always instructive, to begin with the concept of an ideal transformer with the following properties:（了解变压器的工作，是有益的，一个理想变压器具有以下属性：）1)Primary and secondary windings have no resistance.（初级和次级线圈是没有电阻的）2)Core loss comprising of eddy current and hysteresis losses are neglected.（铁心损耗要忽略电涡流损耗和磁滞损耗）23、slip ring 滑环 24、filedarmature winding 励磁电枢绕组 25、firing angle 触发角 26、parallel circuit 并联电路 27、alternatingcurrent relays 交流继电器 28、operational amplifier 运算放大器 29、like poles repel, unlike poles attract 同极相斥，异极相吸30、Current-carrying conductors produce a magnetic field. A compass is used to show that the magnetic flux lines are circular in shape. The conductor is in the center of the circular shape. The direction of the current flow and the magnetic flux lines can be shown by using the left-hand rule of magnetic flux,（电流在导体中产生磁场。指南针可以用来表环形磁力线的方向。导体位于环形磁力线的中心。电流流通的方向和磁力线的方向可通过左手定则确定。）31、Faradays law is stated as follows: When a coil of wire moves across the lines of force of a magnetic field, electrons flow through the wire in one direction. When the coil of wire moves across the magnetic lines of force in the opposite direction, electrons flow through the wire in the opposite direction.（法拉第定律表述如下：当线圈运动切割磁场的磁力线时，电子将按一个方向流动通过导线。当线圈切割磁力线时的相反方向时，电子将按相反的方向通过导线。）32、In this chapter, we define control to be the use of algorithms （算法）and feedback （反馈）in engineered systems. 控制的定义33、A contactor is an electro-magnetic switching （电磁式开关）device used for remotely switching a power or control circuit.34、synchronous machine 同步电动机的电流是从转子引入的。35、logic circuit、flip-flop circuit、counting circuit 逻辑电路、触发电路、计数电路，这就是典型的数字电路。36、semiconductor、conductor、isulattor、electron、proton、atom 半导体、导体、绝缘体、电子、质子、原子（Protons and electrons ar