儿科医学词汇.doc

丁香园忠实战友 xunan2005 1/20/2020 7:31:53 上午儿科医学词汇儿科学Pediatrics 儿童保健Child care 疾病防治Disease prevention 营养基础Basal nutrition 婴儿喂养Infants feeding 营养不良Malnutrition 小儿肥胖obesity in Childhood 解剖Anatomy 生理生化Physiology and biochemistry 营养代谢Nutrition and Metabolism 免疫Immunity病理Pathology 疾病的种类Variety of Disease 临床表现Clinical Situation 诊断Diagnosis 治疗：Treatment 预后：Prognosis 预防：Prevention 胎儿期：Fetal Stage 胚卵期Ovigerm Stage 胚胎期Embryo Stage 新生儿期：Neonatal Period 脐带Omphalus 足月儿Term Infant 早产儿Premature 过期产儿Post term Infant 围产期Perinatal stage 婴儿期：Infancy 幼儿期：Toddler Period 学龄期：School age 青春期：Adolescence 遗传inheritance 性别sex内分泌endocrine 孕母情况mothers condition 营养nutrition 生活环境living environment 急性感染acute infection 慢性疾病chronic disease 消化道疾病disease of digestive tract 内分泌疾病endocrine disease 先天性疾病congenital disease 体格生长：Physique growth 摄入不足insufficiency of intake 胎粪排出excretion of meconium 水分丢失loss of moist 生长高峰summit of growth 卧位clinostatasm 站立位erect position 头顶vertex 耻骨联合上缘superior margin of pubic symphysis 耻骨联合上缘superior margin of pubic symphysis 足底sole 脐nave 头围：Head Circumference 胸围：Chest Circumference 颅骨：Cranium 颅缝cranial sutures前囟anterior fontanel 后囟posterior 脊柱：Rachis 生理弯曲的形成 长骨：Long Bone 干骺端Metaphysis 软骨骨化Cartilaginous ossification 骨膜下成骨Subperiosteum ossification 乳牙deciduous teeth 恒牙permanent teeth (乳牙)萌出eruption 神经系统nervous system 脊髓spinal cord 运动发育：Motor development 发音器官organs of voicing 听觉sense of hearing 大脑语言中枢cerebral language center 语言交流communication 护理：Nursing 计划免疫：Planned Immunity 心理卫生：Mental Health 生活习惯living habit社会适应能力social adaptation 亲情 parent-child relationship 健康查体：Physical Examination 随访follow-up 户外活动open field activity 身体抚触 stroking massage 窒息apnea 中毒intoxication 外伤trauma 预防接种：Vaccination 主动免疫Active immunity 被动免疫passive immunity 预防接种vaccination 小儿传染病infectious disease 卡介苗 Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine, BCG vaccine 脊髓灰质炎疫苗 Polimyelitis Vaccine 麻疹疫苗 Measles Vaccine 百白破三联疫苗 Pertussis-Diphtheria-Tetanus triple vaccine 乙肝疫苗Hepatitis B vaccine 初种primary vaccination复种revaccination 不良反应reaction 热量的需要：Caloric Requirement 基础代谢：Basal Metabolism 排泄 Excretion 蛋白质：Protein 碳水化合物：Carbohydrate 脂肪：Fat 维生素：Vitamins 水溶性维生素：Water-soluble Vitamin 脂溶性维生素：Fat-soluble Vitamin 矿物质：Mineral 膳食纤维：Dietary Fiber 母乳喂养：Breast Feeding 母乳的成分：Component of Mothers Milk 免疫物质：immune material 免疫球蛋白：Immune Gloulin 补体：Complement 乳铁蛋白：Lactoferrin 溶菌酶：Lysozyme 双歧因子：Bifidus Factor 细胞成分：Components of Cells 慢性消耗性疾病：Chronic consumptions 精神障碍：Mental disorders 急性传染病：Acute infectious diseases 断奶：Weaning 人工喂养：Bottle-Feeding 稀释：Dilution 加糖：Add Sugar 煮沸：Boiling 定时定量：Time and rationed Feeding 个体差异：Individual Difference 混合喂养Mixed Feeding 大小便：Defecation 代授法：Breast-bottle-feeding 补授法：Supplemental Feeding 辅食添加：The Introduction of solid food 营养不良Malnutrition 代谢异常Developmental and Metabolic Disorder 临床分型：Clinical typing 消瘦型Marasmus Malnutrition 浮肿型Edema Malnutrition 消瘦浮肿型MarasmusEdema Malnutrition 病因：Etiological Factor 摄入不足：Deficiency of Intake 辅食添加不及时：Introduction of Solid Food 饮食结构不合理：Incorrect Components of Diet 不良饮食习惯：Bad Eating Habit 消化吸收障碍：Disorder of Digestion and Absorption 消化道先天畸形：Congenital Anomaly of Digestive Tract 先天性代谢障碍：Congenital Dysbolism 消化功能紊乱：Disorder of Digestive Function 需求增多：Requirement Increases 生长发育迅速的时期：The period when children grow rapidly 疾病恢复期：Recovery Phase of diseases 双胎或多胎：Twins or Multiplets 早产：Premature 消耗性疾病Consumptions 病理生理：Pathophysiology 代谢异常：Dysbolism 体温调节：Thermoregulation 机体各系统功能低下：Incapacity of Body Systems 消化系统：Digestive System 循环系统：Circulatory System 泌尿系统：Urinary System 神经系统：Nervous System 免疫系统：Immune System 临床表现：Clinical Situation 皮下脂肪Subcutaneous Fat 腹Abdomen 躯干Trunk 臀Breech 四肢Extremities 面颊Cheeks 皮肤Skin 干燥Dehydration 苍白Pale 肌肉Muscles 松弛Laxity 萎缩Atrophy 精神状态Mental Status 萎靡Dispirited 反应差Low Response 全身症状General Symptoms 并发症：Complication 营养性贫血：Nutritional Anemia 各种维生素缺乏症：Various Kinds of Avitaminosis 感染：Infections 低血糖：Hypoglycemia 诊断标准：Standard of Dignosis 分型：Types 分度：Degrees 实验室检查：Laboratory Examination 鉴别诊断：Differential Diagnosis 治疗原则：Therapeutic Principle 综合治疗Comprehensive Treatment 治疗方法：Therapeutic Method 积极治疗原发病：Cure the Primary Disease 饮食治疗：Diet Therapy 药物治疗：Drug Treatment 支持治疗：Supporting Therapy 危重症处理：Treatment in Crises 度营养不良伴腹泻时的治疗Severe Malnutrition companied by Diarrhea 营养不良性水肿的治疗Nutritional Edema 蛋白质缺乏综合症（恶心营养不良综合症）Kwashiorkor 添加辅食：Instruction of solid food 睡眠充足：Sufficient Sleeping 防治先天性疾病和小儿急性传染病：Prevention and Treatment of Congenital Diseases and Acute Infectious Diseases 孕期保健与产前诊断：Health Care in Pregnancy and Prenatal Diagnosis 新生儿筛查：Neonatal Screening 治疗先天性疾病：Cure Congenital Diseases 按时预防接种：Vaccination on time 定期体格检查：Regular Physical Examination 营养障碍性疾病Dystrophy 病因及病理生理：Etiological Factor and Pathophysiology 单纯性肥胖：Simple Obesity 摄入过多：Excessive Intake 活动过少：Lack of Movement 家族遗传：Inheritance 神经、精神因素：Nervous and Mental Fact