ideas of home have changed家庭观念的变化.doc

不上Q，不颓废A great many people,when they speak of home ,tend to associate it with a certain physical surroundings,and certain emotional attitudes within themselves.this sentimentality toward home is something that has come down to us from the past.many modern people do not have it ,and I think it is a good thing that they do not.许多人在谈到家的时候往往将它和某种气氛，某种环境及内心的某些情感态度联系在一起。这种对家的依恋情感古已有之，代代相传。许多现代人不再有了，我认为这是件好事。这是一件好事，that is a good thing.Sh has come down to us from the past .从古到今，代代相传Come down to 表示到达的意思气氛这里表示某种物质环境，物理环境用physical surrounding atmosphere.情感态度emotional attitudes感情的，情绪的。表示某些，某种 可以用 a certain /certain /some kinds of/some谈到。speak ofEmotional attitudes within themselves 内心的某些情感态度Tend to do sth 往往，总是，通常 。（表示一种习惯，一种趋势）Sentimentality多愁善感（n）情操生活，就是表示感情的意思。相当于emotion。Associate sh with sth .把。和。联系在一起。Associate 把。联想在一起/使联合/结交/交往许多人的表达方法有：A great many people A great many +可数名词复数，谓语用复数。 表示“许多，很多“A good many +可数名词复数 非常多，许多A (large/geat/small)number of /(large)numbers of +可数名词复数Many a+单数动词许多A big deal 重要人物。scores of+可数名词dozens of+可数名词a majority of 修饰可数或不可数名词,谓语动词用单数 大多数a great /large/small quantity of +不可数名词/可数名词复数，谓语动词都要用复数形式A handful of 一把，少量 a great deal +不可数名词 大量地，非常多的。A large /small amount of Large amounts of +不可数名词A great many 和a great many of 之间的区别一、a great many后直接修饰名词, 名词可以有修饰语, 如:a great many studentsa great many young students二、a great many of后主要接：1. 代词：a great many of them2. 受冠词修饰的名词：a great many of the students3. 受these, those修饰的名词：a great many of these students4. 受物主代词修饰的名词：a great many of my students5. 受所有格修饰的名词：a great many of Toms students1.a good/great deal of+不可数 v单三 a large/small sum of money v单三 large/small sums of money v单三 a large/small amount of 不可数 v单三 large/small amounts of 不可数 v单三2.a number of 名词复数 v复数 numbers of 名词复数 v复数 the number of 名词复数 v单三 a good/great many +名词复数 v单三 a good/great many of +the/these/those/ones+名词复数 v单三3.a variety of 名词复数 /不可数名词 v单三 a supply of 名词复数 /不可数名词 v单三 a quantity of 名词复数 /不可数名词 v单三 a mass of 名词复数 /不可数名词 v单三 a measure of 名词复数 /不可数名词 v单三 measures of 名词复数 /不可数名词 v复数 masses of 名词复数 /不可数名词 v复数 supplies of 名词复数 /不可数名词 v复数quantities of 名词复数 /不可数名词 v复数varieties of 名词复数 /不可数名词 v复数 plenty of 名词复数 v复数 plenty of 不可数名词 v单三in the old days life was difficult .enemies could attack you and kill or rob you ,and you have little protection against them. People did not live in well-built houses where doors could be locked.they did not have the protection of and organized police force or telephones which could summon the police instantly. How did this influence the way people felt about home? Small family groups clung tightly together for protection against beasts and against other men . only the bravest went beyond the small family area . even in the middle ages only the most daring went to lands beyond the sea .the human pursuit of security conditioned men to love their homes I am sure that this feeling must have been very strong among the early settlers of the united states who were obliged ,by famine and oppression ,to take the plunge and go to the new land where they knew no one and where they were subject to indian attack .we can see this even today in the attitudes of minority groups who ,because of a feeling of insecurity, still preserve cohesive family ties.在遥远的过去，人们生活十分艰难。敌人可能会攻击你，杀害你或抢劫你的财富，而你却毫无还手之力。人们并不住在可以锁门闭户的房子里。他们没有一支有组织的警察队伍的保护，也不能随时打电话报警。这些怎样影响人们对家的感情呢？小家族的成员紧密团结，聚在一起，共同抵御野兽和敌人。只有最勇敢的人才离开小家族管辖区。甚至在中世纪也只有最勇敢的人才敢涉足海外。人类对安全的追求决定了人们对家的热爱。我相信，美国的早期定居者对此一定深有感触。他们被饥荒，压迫逼得走投无路，只好毅然决定冒险来到这个举目无亲，易受印第安人攻击的陌生的地方。甚至今天，我们从少数民族团体的态度也可以看出这一点。由于缺乏安全感，他们仍然保持着富有凝聚力的家庭纽带。Family ties 家庭纽带cohesive kuhi:siv有凝聚力的，preserve：priz:v保存，保护，保持Insecurity 不安全安全感 a feeling of securityMinority：manrt少数民族，少数人Be subject：sbdikt to 受。的支配，经受，遭受，服从，受。的支配，容易遭受，Take the plunge：plnd尝试，决定冒险，经一番考虑决定了Oppressionpren压迫，压制，压抑Famine：fmin饥荒，饥饿，Oblige：blaid迫使，强迫，强制，使不得不通常有be obliged to do sth 不得不做某事通常用强烈来形容感受feeling strong。决定了。或者说是限制了condition sb to do sth Beyond the sea 飞跃海洋，到海外Beyond在更远处，越过，在。之外，远处，超出，那边daring：dri大胆的，勇敢的，敢于冒险的，（n）勇敢（相当于brave）在中世纪 in the middle ages Go beyond 走出Beast：bist野兽，兽Protect against 抵御。Cling-Clung：kl粘着，缠着，依附，坚持，紧抱clung to sth 表示紧密团结的有cling tightly togetherhang together hold together closely united solidly united 小家族的成员 small family groups人们对。的情感the way people feel about sth./the emotion或者sentimentality ,sntmntlt toward home Instantly instntli立即，马上，随时，（表示一种状态，不同于right away 表示一种动作，趋势）（同样地表示随时，我们可以用at all times 或者是any time ）Summon：smn表示号召，召集的意思Summon the police 表示报警的意思。同样地我们可以用to report to the police to alarm .有组织的可以有相对应的adj organizedPolice force 表示警力，警察队伍，警察部队Well-built 表示“结实的，坚固的”你毫无还手之力，就是指完全不能保护自己，所以可以用have little protection against sb Attack tk进攻，袭击，敌人：enemy：enimi敌人，敌军，大敌在遥远的过去。所有表示很久以前的都可以用in the old days .Today ,thanks to modern transportation and well-organized societies,thousands of people willingly and eagerly leave the surroundings where they were born ,and the more often they do so ,the less sentiment they are likely to have for those surroudings. .今天，由于有了现代交通工具和组织良好的社会，成千上万的人们愿意并且渴望离开他们出生的环境。而且，他们离家外出越频繁，对那个环境的情感就可能越少。Sentimentality多愁善感（n）情操生活，就是表示感情的意思。相当于emotion。Sentiment ：sntmnt感情，心情，情操，情绪，感伤，观点，意见，多愁善感“The +比较级+句子，the +比较级+句子“ 就是表示“越。越。”Surrounding周围的环境Willingly 表示愿意地，eagerly表示渴望地（我们可以用副词来代替动词只要它是一种情感性的倾向性的动词）Well-organized 组织良好的I lived in england for three years ,and I noticed that boys and girls left their parentshomes and lived in dwellings of their own .我曾经在英国带过三年。我注意到孩子们离开父母的家，住进自己的房子。dwelling：dwl住所，住宅，住处，房子，寓所（表示住所，是一个广泛而又不具体的大概的名词。there they could just telephone and ask an agency to provide them with a house or an apartment ,which was their home .how has the meaning of the word “home” been altered by such activity ?what does home mean to those people or to families who often move about ,living in first one hotel and then another?i believe that for them home means a place where they can have privacy在英国，他们只需拿起电话，要求一家房地产经销处提供一栋房子或一套公寓，那就是他们的家了。家这个词的意义是如何被这种行为改变的呢？家对于那些经常流动，从一家旅馆搬到另一家旅馆居住的人们或家庭成员又意味着什么呢？我认为，家对他们来说是一个离群独处不受干扰的地方。privacy：pravs私密，私下，隐居处，隐私。私人空间First one sth and then another 或者是first one sth to another .从一处到另一处Move about 表示到处走动，到处旅行，走来走去，总是搬家。意味着。可以用what does sth mean to sb Alter：:lt改变v 修改 改变（相当于change）The meaning of the word 这个词的意义。Agency：edns代办处，经销处，代理机构，中介，专业行政机构，局，署，处，所，公司（凡是什么代理的经销的都是用agency例如travel agency）Telephone 可以表示电话（n）同样可以表示（v）打电话给，打电话告知This idea of home as being a place of privacy is emerging in my country ,saudi arabia ,where the young are abandoning their parentshomes to live their own life .as for me ,the atmosphere and surroudings of the place where my parents live have no sentimental attachment.home is where I can shut the door and be by myself .在我的国家沙特阿拉伯，年轻人放弃父母的家去过他们自己的生活。这种把家作为私人独处之地的看法正在我的国家形成。我对父母居住之地的气氛，环境没有眷恋的情感。家就是一个我关起门来独处的地方。独处的地方。Be by myselfShut the door 关上门attachment：ttmnt连接，附着，结合，情感，爱慕，忠诚（有两个解释一个是连接，附着，而另一个就是情感上的眷恋。情感。更加地具体是一个引申义）sentimental：,sentimentl情深的，多情的，感情用事的，情感上的-sentiment-sentimentality通常想表达自己的观点，我们可以用as for me对于我来说。abandon：bndn丢弃，抛弃，遗弃，放弃（都是弃）Emerge：md浮现，出现，发生，显露，（事实）暴露我们可以表示“。想法正在形成或者是某种现象出现“。的看法“我们可以用the idea of (其实我们可以译为观念)at the moment it is a room in eaton hall .when I left my parents several years ago , I was anxious to leave .you might call it unfeeling ,but that was the way I felt .on the day of my departue for the u