2015高考英语考纲话题16——旅游与交通.doc

高考英语考纲话题16旅游与交通(Travel and transport)本话题主要包括：(1) 旅游； (2)交通方式；(3)描述一次旅程；(4) 安全条例与警告。 命题预测: 针对本话题，高考命题人员可能会从以下角度来命题。(1) 描述旅游经历 (2)太空旅游、生态旅游 (3)私家车激增的利与弊(4)度假方式的变化及其原因 (5)旅游计划的拟订、准备及注意事项 (6)交通安全(7)交通方式的变化及其对人们生活的影响 (8) 国外旅游注意事项、护照、签证的申办及其费用 必备词句1.旅游: A. 相关名词及短语：(1) 旅游，旅行 n.& v. _ (2) 旅行，旅程n. _ (3)旅游业 n. _(4) 旅行社 _ (5) 运送，运输 n.& v._ (6) 航班 n. _ (7) 游客 n. _ (8) 导游 n. _ (9) 机票 _ (10) 护照 n. _ (11) 费用 n. _ (12) 骑自行车 vi. _ (13) 行李 n. _ (14) 宾馆 n. _ (15) 餐馆 n. _ (16) 商业中心，闹市区 n. _ (17) 旅游景点 _ (18) 风景,视野，观点 n. _ (19) 名胜 _ (20) 时间表,进度表 n. _ (21) 庙宇，寺庙n. _ (22) 洞穴，地窖n. _ (23) 山谷，流域n. _ (24) 纪念品 n. _ (25) 登记入住_ (26) 结账离开 _(27) 10天的云南之旅 _B. 相关形容词：(1) 当地的 _ (2) 古代的_ (3) 有趣的 _ (4) 兴奋的 _ (5) 吸引人的，迷人的 _ (6)奇异的，古怪的 _ (7) 无聊的 _ (8) 累人的 _ (9) 舒服的 _(10) 有组织的 _ (11) 方便的，便利的 _ (12) 拥挤的 _ (13) 严重的_ C. 相关动词短语(1) 参观博物馆和艺术画廊_ (2) 去观光 _(3) 参观游览这个城市 _ (4) 拍照 _ (5) 买纪念品_ (6) 呼吸新鲜空气 _(7) 欣赏美丽的自然风光 _ (8) 开拓视野 _(9) 写旅游日记 _ (10)被吸引 _(11) 被环绕 _ (12) 接近自然 _D. Useful sentence structures：(1) 我们一直梦想要进行一次自行车旅行。_(2) 我们吃惊地发现这条河流有一半是在中国境内。(be surprised to do )_(3) 大学毕业后，我们终于有机会坐火车去旅行了。_(4) 山顶上的空气呼吸困难，而且缺水也是最难以处理的。(S.+ be + adj. + to do)_(5) 天气太冷，连水瓶都结冰了。_(6) 我是2010年去云南的，在那里我第一次看到雪山。（强调句，定语从句）_2. 交通方式 (methods of transportation) (1) 走路，步行 _ (2) 骑自行车 _(3) 开小轿车_ (4) 乘公共汽车 _(5) 乘出租车，打的 _ (6) 坐船/走水路 _(7) 接某人上车 _ (8) 为某人送行 _3. 交通安全 (safety rules and warnings)(1) 安全第一 _ (2) 交通灯，红绿灯 _(3) 遵守交通规则 _ (4) 靠左/靠右 _(5) 十字路口 _ (6) 带领某人参观某地 _(7) 交通堵塞 _ (8) 交通事故 _(9) 在交通高峰期 _ (10) 收到一张罚单 _ Reading comprehension1. 这种文章是客观的介绍。通常介绍其地理位置、面积、气候、自然资源和居民等。2. 有时也有类似广告的文体出现，文章内容简介、明快。3.组织这类文章的结构，说明顺序分明，描述要详略得当，重点突出，文章错落有致。4. 题目的考查多以细节为主，例如地点的特征，旅游的方式和建议，房间、经典的价格计算等。5. 主旨大意大多集中在描写本篇文章的目的，文章的出处等。ASometimes known as The Big Apple or The City That Never Sleeps, New York is both the most populous city in the USA and a leading center of business, commerce, finance and media. The city is often referred to as New York City, in order to distinguish it from the state it is in. The city is part of a large metropolitan (大都市的) area, and the combined city population exceeds 18.7 million. New York City is made up of five boroughs (行政区) and hence another nickname of the city is The Five Boroughs. The five boroughs are: The Bronx, Brooklyn, Manhattan, Queens and Staten Island. There are many famous buildings and sights in New York, especially in Manhattan. These include the Empire State Building, the Flatiron Building and the United Nations Building. When you visit New York, make sure you see Central Park, Times Square, Chinatown, Little Italy and of course the Statue of Liberty. Additionally, there are many wonderful museums in New York, some truly excellent shops, some of the worlds best theaters in the Broadway area, and the neighborhoods of Greenwich Village and SoHo which are well-known for the artists who reside there. Getting around New York City is simple - the city s subway network is one of the most comprehensive in the world, connecting all parts of Manhattan in rapid time. However, the best way to see New York is undoubtedly on foot. Central Park is an ideal place to start a walking tour of New York City - 843 acres of shining ponds and lush greenery attract locals and tourists. And apart from offering breathtaking scenery, it is a centre for recreation. Visitors can listen to music groups, watch performers, walk along the trails and even take a romantic ride in a horse carriage.1. What is the purpose of this passage?A. To explain why New York is called The Big Apple. B. To tell people how to visit New York.C. To tell people the history and scenery of New York.D. To introduce the city - New York briefly.2. From the passage, we learn that _.A. New York State is often called “The Five Boroughs”B. New York has some of the worlds best theaters in the Broadway areaC. all the famous buildings and sights in New York are in ManhattanD. the writer advise people to see New York City by subway3. What are Greenwich Village and SoHo famous for?A. There are first-class museums. B. There are most residents from all over the world.C. There are many beautiful parks and famous buildings.D. There are many modem artists.4. The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to _. A. Central Park B. New York City C. Times Square D. New York State5. According to the passage , you can do all the following things in Central Park EXCEPT_.A. enjoy the beautiful scenery B. watch great performance C. go for a swim D. take a ride on a horse carriage.BLONDON (Reuters) - Ecotourism iscausingalot of damage to wildlife and may be endangering the survival of the very animals people are flocking to see, according to researchers. Biologists and conservationists (自然环境持论者) are worried because polar bears, dolphins, penguins and other creatures are getting stressed and losing weight and someare dying. Evidence is growing that many animals do not react well to tourists in their backyard, New Scientist Magazine said. The immediate effects researchers have noticed are changes in behavior, heart rates, or stress hormone levels but they fear it could get much worse and over the long term could endanger the survival of the very wildlife they want to see. Although money produced through ecotourism, which has been growing at about 10-30 percent a year, has major benefits for poor countries and people living in rural areas, the Swiss-based World Conservation Union(IUCN) and some governments fear not all projectsare audited (审查) and based on environmentally friendly policies, according to the magazine. Transmission (传播) of disease to wildlife, or small changes to wildlife health through disturbance of daily life or increased stress levels, while not obvious to the casual observer, may translate to lower survival and breeding, said Philip Seddon, of the University of Otago in Dunedin, New Zealand. Scientists have noticed that bottle-neck dolphins along the northeastern coast of New Zealand become nervously excited when tourist boats arrive. Similar changes in behavior have been observed in polar bears and yellow-eyed penguins in areas visited by ecotourists that are producing smaller babies. Conservationists are now calling for more research into the effect of ecotourism on animals and say the industry must be developedcarefully, They also want studies done before new ecotourism projects are started. The animals welfare should be very important because withoutthem there will be no ecotourism, said Rochelle Constantine of the University of Auckland in New Zealand.1. Whats the theme of the text? A. Many animals are dying for lack of money. B. There will be no ecotourism without animals. C. Ecotourism could endanger the survival of the wildlife people want to see. D. More research should be done on ecotourism.2. We may learn from the text that _.A. ecotourism must be developed properly B. polar bears are losing weight without enough foodC. all the poor countries have stopped ecotourismD. money produced through ecotourism should be spent on wildlife3. Which of the followings is NOT mentioned in the text?A. Many animals do not react well in their backyard.B. Polar bears in areas visited by ecotourists are producing smaller babies.C. Ecotourism has been growing at about 10 - 30 percent a year.D. Studies should be done before new ecotourism projects are started.4. What Rochelle Constantine said in the last paragraph impliesthat _.A. if people want to get high income, they must develop ecotourismB. animals have rights to live their own life C. animals are peoples good friends D. people should take good care of wildlife 基础写作：请根据以下内容提示，写一篇英文日记（题头已写好）。 活动项目与同学去西山野餐。时间安排昨天 ( 9月14日，星期日)，早上在校门口集合，7点出发。活动过程骑车到达山脚，一小时后爬上山顶，领略美景。活动内容照像，唱歌，跳跃，做游戏，下棋，午餐，玩得开心。3点午餐后下山，筋疲力尽,回家。写作要求只能使用5个句子表达全部的内容。评分标准句子结构的准确性，信息内容的完整性和连贯性。September 14th , Sunday Cloudy and drizzle_D. (1) We have dreamed about taking a bike trip.(2) We were surprised to find that half of the river is in China.(3) After graduating from college, we finally got a chance to take a train trip.(4) The air on the top of the mountain is hard to breathe and the lack of water is also difficult to handle / deal with.(5) It was so cold that the water bottle froze.(6) It was in 2012 that I went to Yunnan Province, where I saw the snow mountain for the first time.Reading comprehension A 篇1-3 DBD 4.A。词义指代题。根据上下文语境可知it在这里指代的是CentralPark，说明CentralPark也是一个娱乐中心。5.C。细节判断题。根据