上海交大版应用型大学英语综合教程 第3册 unit 7 课文翻译与答案.doc

Unit 7Part 1 Language Skills Development 1. StarterA. Look at the picture. Suppose he is your friend, and is possibly mentally ill. Answer the following questions.1. Would you stop being friends with him? Reference answer： I wouldnt stop being friends with him just because I suspect he may be a psychopath. If I think he wont take it too badly and/or it seems serious enough, Id probably talk to him about it.2. How would you discuss mental illness with him? Or would you avoid the topic altogether? Reference answer： I would introduce to him the types of mental illness, and how serious it might be if we tend to ignore it. Then Id like to give him an example of one of my friends who has just recovered from his mental illness.Mind Map psychopath n.精神病患者B. Listen to a news report. Then fill in the blanks. 1. A ninth body was found (Friday morning) at the scene of a (Christmas Eve) shooting. Mind Map massacre n.残杀，屠杀depressed a.忧郁的Santa Claus圣诞老人ex-wife n.前妻Los Angeles County洛杉矶县unaccounted for下落不明，失踪2. The shooting occurred (Wednesday night) when a depressed man, dressed as (Santa Claus), arrived at a Christmas Eve party. 3. The man (opened fire) on the participants and (burned down) the two-storey house. 4. The man later shot himself to death (at his brothers home) early in the morning on Christmas Day in Sylmar. 5. Believed to have been killed in the shooting and fire were Sylvia Ortega, and her (parents). 6. The man was reportedly in a messy (divorce), and used (cocktails) to set the house on fire. Tapescript: A Ninth Body Found in Los Angeles Christmas Eve MassacreA ninth body was found Friday morning at the scene of a Christmas Eve shooting in Covina of East Los Angeles, police said. The shooting occurred Wednesday night when a depressed man, dressed as Santa Claus, arrived at his ex-wifes Christmas Eve party, then opened fire on the participants and burned down the two-story house, police said.WAfter the attack, Bruce Jeffrey Pardo, 45, shot himself to death at his brothers home early in the morning on Christmas Day in Sylmar, a suburb about 50 kilometers north of downtown Los Angeles, according to police.Believed to have been killed in the shooting and fire were Pardos ex-wife, Sylvia Ortega, 43 and her parents, police said but did not provide any more details.The Los Angeles County official confirmed that a total of nine victims have been found at the scene.There were 25 guests at the party and nine had been unaccounted for immediately after the shooting.Pardo, who was reportedly separated from his wife and in a messy divorce, used cocktails to set the house on fire, according to local television reports.Info Box 1. Jerome K. JeromeJerome K. Jerome was an English writer of the late 19th century and early 20th century. He was born in 1859 and died in 1927. He published his first work in 1885, On Stage and Off, a collection of humorous sketches about the theater. In his lifetime he was also known as a journalist, playwright, and the founder of a magazine called The Idler. Today he is chiefly remembered as a humorist. His most famous books include The Idle Thoughts of an Idle Fellow, Three Men in a Boat, and its sequel Three Men on the Bummel.2. Three Men in a Boat (To Say Nothing of the Dog)Three Men in a Boat (To Say Nothing of the Dog), published in 1889, recounts the misadventures of three Victorian (维多利亚时代的) middle-class London-types men and one dog trying to have a boating vacation on the Thames. It is one of the most readable, and funny books of the era.A Victim of 107 Fatal Maladies 身患107种致命疾病的患者 1 It is a most extraordinary thing, but I never read a patent medicine advertisement without being forced to draw the conclusion that I am suffering from the particular disease said in the ad and dealt with in its most deadly form. The diagnosis seems in every case to correspond exactly with all the sensations that I have ever felt. 2 I remember going to the British Museum one day to read up on the treatment for some slight ailment of which I had a touchhay fever, I fancy it was. I got down the book, and read all I came to read; and then, in an unthinking moment, I idly turned the leaves, and began to lazily study diseases, generally. I forget which was the first disease I plunged intosome fearful, devastating scourge, I know and, before I had glanced half down the list of warning symptoms, it was borne in upon me that I had fairly got it. 3 I sat for a while, frozen with horror; and then, in the listlessness of despair, I again turned over the pages. I came to typhoid feverread the symptomsdiscovered that I had typhoid fever, must have had it for months without knowing it wondered what else I had got; turned up St. Vituss Dancefound, as I expected, that I had that too began to get interested in my case, and determined to examine it thoroughly, and so started alphabetically read up on fever, and learnt that I was sickening for it, and that the acute stage would commence in about another fortnight. Brights disease, I was relieved to find, I had only in a modified form, and, so far as that was concerned, I might live for years. Cholera I had, with severe complications; and diphtheria I seemed to have been born with. I read conscientiously through the twenty-six letters, and the only malady I could conclude I had not got was housemaids knee. 4 I felt rather hurt about this at first; it seemed somehow to be a sort of slight. Why hadnt I got housemaids knee? Why this unpleasant reservation? After a while, however, less grasping feelings prevailed. I reflected that I had every other known malady in the pharmacology, and I grew less selfish, and determined to do without housemaids knee. Gout, in its most malignant stage, it would appear, had seized me without my being aware of it; and zymosis I had evidently been suffering with from boyhood. There were no more diseases after zymosis, so I concluded there was nothing else the matter with me. 5 I sat and pondered. I thought what an interesting case I must be from a medical point of view, what an acquisition I should be to a class! Students would have no need to walk the hospitals, if they had me. I was a hospital in myself. All they need do would be to walk round me, and, after that, take their diploma. 6 Then I wondered how long I had to live. I tried to examine myself. I felt my pulse. I could not at first feel any pulse at all. Then, all of a sudden, it seemed to start off. I pulled out my watch and timed it. I made it a hundred and forty-seven to the minute. I tried to feel my heart. I could not feel my heart. It had stopped beating. I have since been induced to come to the opinion that it must have been there all the time, and must have been beating, but I cannot account for it. I patted myself all over my front, from what I call my waist up to my head, and I went a bit round each side, and a little way up the back. But I could not feel or hear anything. I tried to look at my tongue. I stuck it out as far as ever it would go, and I shut one eye, and tried to examine it with the other. I could only see the tip, and the only thing that I could gain from that was to feel more certain than before that I had scarlet fever. 7 I had walked into that reading room a happy, healthy man. I crawled out a miserable old wreck. 8 I went to my medical man. He is a close friend of mine, and feels my pulse, and looks at my tongue, and talks about the weather, all for nothing, when I fancy Im ill; so I thought I would do him a good turn by going to him now. What a doctor wants, I said, is practice. He shall have me. He will get more practice out of me than out of seventeen hundred of his ordinary, commonplace patients, with only one or two diseases each. So I went straight up and saw him, and he said, Well, whats the matter with you? 9 I said, I will not take up your time, dear boy, by telling you what is the matter with me. Life is brief, and you might pass away before I had finished. But I will tell you what is NOT the matter with me. I have not got housemaids knee. Why I have not got housemaids knee, I cannot tell you; but the fact remains that I have not got it. Everything else, however, I HAVE got. 10 And I told him how I came to discover it all. 11 Then he opened me and looked down me, and clutched hold of my wrist, and then he hit me over the chest when I wasnt expecting it a cowardly thing to do, I call it and immediately afterwards butted me with the side of his head. After that, he sat down and wrote out a prescription, and folded it up and gave it to me, and I put it in my pocket and went out. 12 I did not open it. I took it to the nearest chemists, and handed it in. The man read it, and then handed it back. 13 He said he didnt keep it. 14 I said, You are a chemist? 15 He said, I am a chemist. If I was a co-operative store and family hotel combined, I might be able to oblige you. Being only a chemist hampers me. 16 I read the prescription. It ran: 1 lb. beefsteak, with1 pt. bitter beer every 6 hours. 1 ten-mile walk every morning. 1 bed at 11 sharp every night. And dont stuff up your head with things you dont understand. 17 I followed the directions, with the happy resultspeaking for myselfthat my life was preserved, and is still going on. 1 此事绝对非同小可，只要我一看到专利药品的广告，就会不自觉地得出结论：我患上了广告中所说的疾病，并且已经病入膏肓。而诊断结果似乎在各方面也都和我所感觉的完全一致。2 记得有一次，我患上了某种小毛病（我猜可能是花粉热），于是便去大英博物馆专门查阅它的治疗方法。我取下书来，阅读了所有我打算查阅的内容。然后，我漫不经心地翻着书，开始懒洋洋地研究起疾病来。我忘记了哪种疾病是第一个冒出来的，只知道是一种可怕的，令人震惊的灾祸。而在我还没有看完所列“症状”的一半时，就意识到我很可能得了这种病。3 我吓得怔住了，坐了一会。然后，在绝望的倦怠中，我又翻过几页，看到了伤寒，一查症状，发现我已患上伤寒，而且在不知不觉中已经患上好几个月了。我想知道自己还患有什么病，于是继续往下翻，翻到了圣维特斯舞蹈病，发现正如我预料，我也患上了此病。我开始对自己的病有了兴趣，决定细查到底，因此我开始按字母顺序查阅，看完了热病部分，得知我患有此病，而且两星期后病情将转入急性期。然而，令我宽慰的是，看完布赖特氏病（肾小球肾炎）部分后，我发觉自己只是患上了布赖特氏病的变种，就此而言，我还可能活几年。此外，我还患有霍乱，并且伴随严重的并发症。而白喉我似乎生来就有。我认认真真地按26个字母的顺序读完了所有的疾病，得出的结论是：我唯一没患的是髌前囊炎（女佣膝）。4 一开始我有点不高兴；不管怎么说，这看起来是一种冷落。为什么我没有患髌滑囊炎？为什么单单就漏了这个病呢？不过，过了一会儿，我就不那么贪心了。我想既然我已患上了药理学上已知的所有其它疾病，就不必再那么自私了。于是，决定不再计较没有髌前囊炎。看来在我没有意识到的时候，就已经患上了痛风，而且还可能处在其最恶性的阶段。此外，我显然在童年时就患上了发酵病。发酵病是这本书上最后一种疾病，所以我推断我再没其他毛病了。 5 我坐在那里，陷入了沉思。我想从医疗的角度来看，我是一个多么有趣的案例啊。对于课堂教学，我是多么难得啊。有我的话，学生就不需要去当“实习医生”。我自己就是医院。他们只需围着我研究，然后，去拿他们的文凭。 6 接着，我开始想我还能活多久。我试着给自己做检查。我给自己把脉，一开始我丝毫感觉不到脉动。然后，我的脉搏好像突然跳动了。于是，我摘下手表开始计时数脉。我测出来脉搏一分钟跳动147下。我试着摸我的心脏。我感觉不到心脏，它已停止了跳动。我曾被诱导地认为我的心脏一直在那里，应该一直在跳动，但我无法解释为什么现在感觉不到它。我不断拍打整个上半身，从腰部一直拍到头部，同时拍打身体两侧和背部。但是，我还是什么也没感觉到或者听到。我试着检查我的舌头，尽量把舌头伸得很长，我闭上一只眼，想用另一只眼来检查。但我只能看到舌尖，而唯一的收获是，我比以前更确信我患上了猩红热。7 进阅览室时，我是个快乐健康的人，而出来时却成了一个可怜、走路蹒跚而又衰老的废人。8 我去看了医生，他是我的一位老友。每当我觉得自己有病时，他就会给我把脉，检查我的舌头，跟我谈论天气，但从来不收我的钱。因此，我认为现在去找他看病，会对他大有好处。“医生需要的是实践。他应该看我这个病人。和1700名只有一两种疾病的普通病人相比，他可以从我身上得到更多的实践机会。”所以，我直接去了他那儿。他问道：“哦，你怎么了？”9 我回答道：“朋友，我不想占用你的时间来告诉你我有哪些问题。生命是短暂的，或许还没等我说完，你就去世了。但是，我要告诉你我没有哪些毛病。我没有患上髌前囊炎。我无法告诉你，为什么我没有患上髌前囊炎。但是，事实如此，我没有得这种病。不过，其他的疾病我全有了。”10 我告诉他我是如何发现这些疾病的。11 然后他让我张开嘴，给我做检查。他紧紧抓住我的手腕，然后趁我不备敲打我的胸部（我认为这是胆小鬼做的事情），之后突然用他的头的侧面顶我。然后，他坐下来开处方，接着将处方折叠好，递给我。我把它放进了口袋，走了出去。12 我没有打开处方，而是拿着它来到最近的药房。我把处方递了进去，那位男士看了看，然后递还给我。13 他说他无法照办。14 我问道：“你是药剂师吗？”15 他回答道：“是的。如果我是同时开合作商店和家庭旅社的，或许能满足您的要求。但我只是个药剂师，这就为难我了。”16 我看了看处方，上面写道：“1磅牛排加上1品脱苦味啤酒，6小时1次。 每天早上走10英里路，每晚11点整上床睡觉。不要满脑子想着你不明白的东西。”17 我遵照处方行事，结果很美满（对我而言），我的生命得以维持，并且活得好好的。New Wordsvictimn. 1) C a person who has been attacked, injured or killed as a result of a disease, a crime, an accident, etc. 受害者，牺牲者Most of the victims were shot in the back while trying to run away. 受害者在试图逃跑时，大多数背后中枪而亡。The victim of the accident was taken to hospital. 事故的受害者被送往医院。n. 2) C a person who has been tricked 受骗者，上当的人They were the victims of a cruel hoax. 他们成了一大骗局的上当受骗者。fatala. 1) causing or ending in death 致命的Her childrens death is a fatal blow on her. 孩子们的死对她来说是个致命的打击。a. 2) causing disaster or failure 灾难性的，毁灭性的Graf made a fatal mistake halfway through the match. 格拉夫在比赛中途犯了一个致命的错误。maladyn. 1) C an illness 疾病His wife died of a malady of the chest, from which she had long suffered. 他的妻子因长期害肺病，死了。n. 2) C a serious problem 严重问题Violent crime is one of the maladies afflicting modern society. 暴力犯罪是困扰现代社会的严重问题之一。patenta. (of a product) made or sold by a particular company 专利生产的；专利经销的Try some of this new patent medicine. 试试这种新的专利药物吧。n. C, U 专利权；专利证书Did you take out a patent on your design? 你已取得你的设计专利了吗?The patent for this typewriter was issued in 1714. 这台打字机的专利证书是1774年颁发的。correspondvi. 1) to be the same as or match sth. 相一致，符合I assure you my actions will correspond with my words. 我向你保证，我将言行一致。The reality does not always correspond with ones expectations. 现实不一定总符合人的期望。vi. 2) to be similar to or the same as sth. else 类似于，相当于 Our arms correspond to the wings of a bird. 我们的两臂相当于鸟的双翼。American Congress corresponds to the British Parliament. 美国国会相当于英国议会。vi. 3) to write letters to someone and receive letters from him/her 通信Have you been corresponding with him? 你一直和他通信吗?I correspond with him regularly. 我经常和他通信。sensationn. 1) C a feeling that you get when sth. affects your body 感觉，知觉I had a sensation of falling, as if in a dream. 我有一种坠落的感觉，像在梦中似的。n. 2) U the ability to feel through your sense of touch 感觉能力，知觉能力He lost all sensation in his legs through cramp. 他的双腿因抽筋而失去知觉。treatmentn. 1) U, C something that is done to cure an injury or an illness 治疗，诊治n. 2) U a way of behaving towards or dealing with a person or a thing 对待；待遇 n. 3) U, C a way of dealing with or discussing a subject, work of art, etc. 处理，论述ailmentn. C an illness that is not very serious 小病，微恙His ailments include a mild heart attack and stomach trouble. 他患有轻度心脏病和胃病。idlyad. with no particular purpose, reason or effort 毫无目的地，漫不经心地He was idly turning the pages of a magazine. 他在无聊地翻看一本杂志。Dont just sit idly by while other children are busy. 其他孩子都在忙的时候，别袖手旁观。plungevi./vt. to throw oneself abruptly into some condition, situation, matter, etc. 陷入The country plunged deeper into recession. 那个国家进一步陷入经济萧条之中。The news plunged them into deep depression. 这条消息使他们深感沮丧。devastatinga. 1) extremely shocking to a person 令人震惊的，骇人的the devastating news of a plane crash 令人震惊的飞机失事的消息a. 2) causing a lot of damage and destruction 破坏性极大的，毁灭性的It is the most devastating storm in 20 years. 这是20年来破坏性最大的风暴。scourgen. C, usu. sing. a person or thing that causes a lot of harm or suffering 祸害，灾害After the scourge of war came the scourge of disease. 战乱之后，瘟疫接踵而来。The new boss was the scourge of the inefficient. 新老板来了以后，不称职的人就遭殃了。horrorn. U a strong feeling of shock and fear 恐惧，恐怖，惊恐listlessnessn. U the state of having or showing little or no energy or interest in anything 倦怠，无精打采，百无聊赖In listlessness I leant my head against the window. 我无精打采地把头靠在窗子上。typhoidn. U 伤寒alphabeticallyad. in alphabetical order 按字母顺序地He spelt all the nations of Africa running alphabetically from Algeria to Zaire. 他按字母顺序拼出了从阿尔及利亚到扎伊尔的所有非洲国家。sickenvi./vt. 1) to become ill 生病，患病The animal began to sicken and soon died. 这只动物患了病很快就死了。The child is sickening for the measles. 这孩子正出麻疹。vi./vt. 2) to make sb. feel very shocked and angry 使大为震惊；使愤怒His manner of talking sickens us. 我们很讨厌他那种讲话方式。Their business methods sicken me. 我很讨厌他们做生意的手法。acutea. 1) very serious or severe 十分严重的Theres an acute shortage of water. 这里严重缺水。a. 2) (of a disease or its symptoms) of short duration but typically severe 急性的acute appendicitis 急性阑尾炎commencevi./vt. to begin to happen; to begin sth. 开始，着手The project will commence in November 2010 and be completed in October 2012. 该工程将于2010年11月开始，2012年10月完成。After the election the new government commenced developing the roads. 选举后，新政府开始修建道路。fortnightn. C, usu. sing. two weeks; a period of fourteen consecutive days 两星期，十四天Im going away for a fortnights holiday. 我要到外地去度两周假。choleran. U 霍乱severea. very serious or bad 十分严重的，极为恶劣的complicationn. C, usu. pl. a new problem or illness arising as a consequence of another disease 并发症diphtherian. U 白喉conscientiouslyad. taking care to do things carefully and correctly 认真负责地，一丝不苟地We should do this work conscientiously. 我们应该认认真真地做这项工作。More steps should be taken conscientiously to solve them. 今后要谨慎地采取更多措施，以解决它们。housemaidn. C a girl or woman employed to do housework, esp. one who is a resident in the household 女仆，女佣graspinga. greedy 贪心的，贪婪的Dont let those grasping taxi drivers charge you too much. 不要让那些贪婪的出租汽车司机向你漫天要价。prevailvi./vt. 1) to be accepted, esp. after a struggle or an argument 战胜，占优势，获胜 Truth will prevail. 真理必胜。Justice has prevailed; the guilty man has been punished. 正义得到伸张, 罪犯受到惩罚。vi./vt. 2) to exist among a group of people at a certain time or in a particular place 盛行，流行Belief in magic still prevails in some rural parts of the country. 这个国家的一些农村地区至今仍相信魔法。pharmacologyn. U the scientific or study of drugs and their use in medicine 药理学；药物学goutn. U 痛风This drug gives rapid relief to sufferers from gout. 这药对痛风患者的止痛效果神速。malignanta. 1) (of a tumour or disease) that cannot be controlled and is likely to cause death 恶性的He died of a malignant tumor. 他死于恶性肿瘤。a. 2) having or showing a strong desire to harm sb. 恶意的，恶毒的He advanced towards them with a malignant look. 他满脸凶相地朝他们走去。zymosisn. U 真菌感染evidentlyad. clearly 明显地，显然Evidently, he has fallen in love with Miss Green. 显然, 他爱上了格林小姐。He had evidently returned to the spot of the crime. 他显然曾回过犯罪现场。pondervi./vt. (formal) to spend time thinking carefully and seriously about a problem, a difficult question, or something that has happened 考虑，沉思She pondered his marriage proposal for weeks. 几个星期以来，她一直在认真考虑他的求婚。These are words for you gentlemen to digest and ponder. 愿诸公深思熟虑。acquisitionn. C something