MLA文献条目的著录格式及示例摘要.doc

MLA文献条目的著录格式及示例摘要1. Titles of Works in the Research Paper 1.1. Rules for capitalization l Nouns, e.g. The Flowers of Europel Pronouns, e.g. Save Our Children l Verbs, e.g. What Is Literature? l Adjectives, e.g. The Ugly Duckling l Adverbs, e.g. Only Slightly Corrupt l Subordinating conjunctions, e.g. after, although, as if, as soon as because, before, if , that, unless, until, when , where, while as in One If by Land 1.2. Do not capitalize:l Articles: a, an, thel Prepositions: against, between, in, of, to, etc. l Coordination conjunctions, e.g. and, but, for nor, or so, yet l The to in infinitives 1.3. Italicized Titles Book, play, long poem published as a book, pamphlet, newspaper, magazine, film, television program, compact disc, audio-cassette, record album, ballet, opera, painting, sculpture, ship, aircraft, spacecraft. 1.4. Titles in Quotation Marks Newspaper article, magazine article, encyclopedia article, essay in a book, short story, poem, chapter in a book, episode of the television program, song, lecture. 1.5. Titles and Quotations within Titlesl “Romeo and Juliet and Renaissance Politics”l “The Uncanny Theology of A Good Man Is Hard to Find”l a book about a book:Approaches to Teaching Murasaki Shikibus “the Tale of Genji”1.6. Exceptions 1.6.1. Sacred Writings l Biblel Gospelsl Talmudl Old Testamentl Genesis, etc. 1.6.2. Laws, Acts, and Similar Political Documents l Declaration of Independencel Bill of Rightsl Treaty of Trianon, etc. 1.6.3. Series l Bollingen Seriesl Masterpiece Theatre 2. MLA Documentation Style2.1. Bibliography 2.1.1. Placement of Bibliography l end of the paperl on a new pagel continuing the page numbers of the text. 2.1.2. Format of Bibliography l center the title, Bibliography, an inch from the top of the page, double-space between the title and the first entryl if an entry runs more than one line, indent the subsequent lines five spaces from the left marginl 1.5 space 2.1.3. Arrangement of Entries l alphabetize entries by the authors last name, using the letter-by-letter system2.2. Parenthetical Documentation 夹注的格式2.2.1. Basic Format e.g.Close to each quotation or reference appears a parenthetical note which contains only enough information to enable readers to find the source in the works-cited list (Gibaldi 105). 2.2.2. Citing Two or More Works by the Same Author of AuthorsIn a parenthetical reference to one of two or more works by the same author, put a comma after the authors last name and add the title of the work (if brief) or a shortened version and the relent page reference, for example, “(Frye, Double Vision 85)” or “ (Durant and Durant, Age 214-48).”2.3 Format of Entries2.3.1 Basic Entry l Sequence Number (1 2 3 4 )l Authors Last name, Authors First name.l Title of Document.(italic for books & quotation marks for theses)l Title of Complete Work (if applicable).l Name of editor (last name +first name+ ed).l Edition (if applicable).l Volume number.l Series name.l Place of publication. (+colon)l Name of publisher.l Date of publication.1. Gibaldi, Joseph. MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers. 4th Ed. New York: MLA, 1995.2. 4. Other Entries 2.4.1. Book by two or more authors1. Hupp, Bernard F., and Jack Kaminsky. Logic and Language. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 19. Two or more books by the same author 1. Bront, Charlotte. Jane Eyre. Middlesex: Penguin, 1966. -. Shirley. Middlesex: Penguin, 1983.（用三个连接符代替作者姓名）2.4.3. Book in a series 1. Ngugi, James. Weep Not, Child. African Writers Series. 7. London: Heinemann Educational Books, 19. Introduction, Preface, Foreword, or Afterword of a book 1. Pottle, Frederick A. Introduction. Boswell in Holland, 1763-1764. By James Boswell. Ed. Frederick A. Pottle. Yale Edition of the Private Papers of James Boswell. London: Heinemann, 19. Multivolume works 1. Grant, Robert M. Gnosticism. Dictionary of the History of Ideas. Ed. Philip P. Wiener. Vol. 2. New York: Charles Scribners Sons, 1973. 2.4.6. Translation 1. Lessing, G. E. Nathan the Wise. Trans. R. Dillon Boylan. Lessings Dramatic Works. Ed. Ernest Bell. London: George Bell, 18. Article in a periodical 1. Hamblin, Robert. A Fine Loud Grabble and Snatch of AAA and WPA: Faulkner, Government, and the Individual. Arkansas Review: A Journal of Delta Studies 31.1 (2000).2.4.8. Article in a newspaper 1. Picard, Andr. BC Premiers Intake Estimated at 10 Drinks. Globe and Mail Toronto 14 Jan. 2003: A. Electric Sources / WWW (World Wide Web) documents To cite World Wide Web documents, provide the authors name; the title of the document; the document date; the sponsoring organization or institution; the date of access; and the full http address.1. Spacek, Richard. Stress. 1997. The UNB Writing and Study Skills Centre On-line. 15 Jan. 2001. .国标文后参考文献著录规则(GB/T 77142005)著录项目、著录格式及示例摘要1 常用文献类型和载体类型标识如下：1） 文献类型M专著，C论文集，N报纸文章，J期刊文章，D学位论文，R报告，S标准，P专利；对于不属于上述的文献类型，采用字母“Z”标识。2） 载体类型MT磁带，DK磁盘，CD光盘，OL联机网络，DB数据库，EB电子公告。2 专著1） 著录格式主要责任者. 题名: 其他题名信息文献类型标志. 其他责任者. 版本项. 出版地: 出版者, 出版年.（所有标点符号均使用半角符号，逗号、句号、冒号后均需加一个空格）2） 示例1 余敏. 出版集团研究M. 北京: 中国书籍出版社, 2001.2 昂温 G, 昂温 P S. 外国出版史M. 陈生铮, 译. 北京: 中国书籍出版社, 1988.3 辛希孟. 信息技术与信息服务国际研讨会论文集: A集C. 北京: 中国社会科学出版社, 1994.2 专著中的析出文献析出文献，指从整本文献中析出的具有独立篇名的文献。1） 著录格式析出文献主要责任者. 析出文献题名文献类型标志. 析出文献其他责任者/专著主要责任者. 专著题名: 其他题名信息. 版本项. 出版地: 出版者, 出版年.2） 示例1 程根伟. 1998年长江洪水的成因与减灾对策M /许厚泽, 赵其国. 长江流域洪涝灾害与科技对策. 北京: 科学出版社, 1999.2 钟文发. 非线性规划在可燃毒物配置中的应用C /赵玮. 运筹学的理论与应用: 中国运筹学会第五届大会