听力考试的特点和应对技巧.docVIP

听力考试的特点和应对技巧Listening Comprehension Section A：Short Conversations (8%) Long conversations (7%)Section B： Passages (10%) Section C： Compound Dictation (10%)（一）、语言基础 （二）、文化背景知识 （三）、听力技能（一）、语言基础（1）语音The professor collected the papers himself. / The professor corrected the papers himself.Its a great pleasure. / Its a great pressure. in an hour / worn out 只有一音之差，所提供的信息却完全不同；或读音非常相似，意思却截然相反。另外，不能指望讲话人会用同样的长度和力度读出每一个词。（2）语法M: The city council has finally voted the funds to build a new high school.W: Its about time they did it. I dont know what took them so long.Q: Whats the womans opinion about the school? A) Its too expensive. B) It should be built. C) It isnt needed D) It was already built.(3) 单词与短语Fine 美好的；细小的；罚款pick up 拾起；顺便接上；学会(4) 常用句型和习惯表达方式I cant agree with you more.I dont teach because teaching is easy.You can never be too careful while crossing a busy street.（二）、文化背景知识M: Please buy two packs of cigarettes for me while you are at the store.W: I am not going to any store. Im going to see Aunt Mary, but I will get them for you at the gas station.Q: Where will the woman stop on her way?A) at a cigarette store B) at a bus stationC) at a gas station D) at Aunt Marys（三）、听力技能1、抓住重要信息有时重要信息出现在段首或段末，听者往往受故事情节的干扰而忽略了带关键性的第一句或最后一句。 理解好题意，做到心中有数。刚发下试卷的时候，首先应该把题中所问的问题大体浏览一遍，作到心中有数，这样做的好处是：第一，可以判断所听内容，第二，依据上下文有助于预测答案。2、推测言外之意，正确理解委婉表达方式，作出正确的判断。W: I need a car this weekend, but mine has broken down.M: Im sorry to hear it, but you can always rent one if you have a license.Q: What does the man mean?A) She can use his car. B) She can borrow someone elses car. C) She must get her car fixed.D) She cant borrow his car.W: Did you watch the game last night?M: I wouldnt have missed it for anything.I hope these apples are as good as they look. 3、 要注意学会捕捉意群。以关键词语和句子为基础，迅速捕捉大意，切忌刚开始就企图将每一个单词都搞清楚。紧紧围绕6个 “W” (whenwherewhatwhowhy how)，边听、边推测、边选择。 同时要注意特殊词汇和句型。例如：would rather、I wish等表示与事实相反的表达方式。4、插入语口语中经常会出现一些插入语，它们形式很多，可以是不定式、现在分词短语、介词短语、形容词及其短语。如I think、you know。一般它们对整个句子的意思没有太大的影响，注意不要被它们干扰了对主要句意的把握。 5、脑记和笔记相结合。有的题目材料长，信息多，尤其是人名、地名、日期、数字、时间以及常见的计量单位容易混淆的一些词汇需要笔记，便于进行必要的换算与推理。记录时充分利用缩写词和符号，充分利用阿拉伯数字，人名、地名只用第一个字母，以节约时间。关于短对话部分 （11-18题，共八题） 短对话一直是比较稳定的得分点。在最新公布的新四级中，短对话的题目数量由过去的10道减少到8道。比较多的是属于动作行为题；此外，还有传统的人物关系题、传统的对话时间、地点题。大部分题目都可以按照过去题目的套路解决。例如动作题目注意情态动词后的谓语，人物关系题注意职业特征词汇，时间、 地点题目抓住核心地点词汇，等等。关于长对话部分 （19-25题，共七题）长对话是四级题目中最新的面孔。前四题是一个稍长的长对话，后三题基于一个稍短的长对话。根据最新样题的例证，长一些的长对话设计为17句，即八个短对话的长度，短一些的长对话为12句，既六个短对话的长度。其实，可以把它认为是短对话和听力短文的结合。因为长对话在四级的表现就是听力短文式的问题设置用短对话的形式进行表现。听长对话的时候，首先，位置感很重要。一般而言，对话时，开头的客套以及问候与结尾的道别结束语很少出题，而对话中段往往才是重点。第二、边听边看，尽量在听的时候确定哪个选项能够最大程度的吻合，这是做短文听力的宗旨，同样适用于长对话。第三、长对话的内容往往还是一些学生比较熟悉的话题，因此，可以多熟悉一些诸如校园、找工作、租房、图书馆等等高频场景，做到心中有底。W: Hello, Gary. Howre you? M: Fine! And yourself? W: Cant complain. Did you have time to look at my proposal? M: No, not really. Can we go over it now? W: Sure. Ive been trying to come up with some new production and advertising strategies. First of all, if we want to stay competitive, we need to modernize our factory. New equipment shouldve been installed long ago. M: How much will that cost? W: We have several options ranging from one hundred thousand dollars all the way up to half a million. M: OK. Well have to discuss these costs with finance. W: We should also consider human resources. Ive been talking to personnel as well as our staff at the factory. M: And whats the picture? W: Well probably have to hire a couple of engineers to help us modernize the factory. M: What about advertising? W: Marketing has some interesting ideas for television commercials. M: TV? Isnt that a bit too expensive for us? Whats wrong with advertising in the papers, as usual? W: Quite frankly, its just not enough anymore. We need to be more aggressive in order to keep ahead of our competitors. M: Will we be able to afford all this? W: Ill look into it , but I think higher costs will be justified. These investments will result in higher profits for our company. M: Well have to look at the figures more closely. Have finance draw up a budget for these investments. W: All right. Ill see to it. 19. A) The benefits of strong business competition. B) A proposal to lower the cost of production. C) Complaints about the expense of modernization. D) Suggestions concerning new business strategies20.A) It cost much more than its worth.B) It should be brought up-to-date.C) It calls for immediate repairs.D) It can still be used for a long time.21.A) The personnel manager should be fired for inefficiency. B) A few engineers should be employed to modernize the factory.C) The entire staff should be retrained.D) Better-educated employees should be promoted.22. A) Their competitors have long been advertising on TV. B) TV commercials are less expensive.C) Advertising in newspapers alone is not sufficient.D) TV commercials attract more investments.关于短文听力 （26-35题，共十道）1中心思想题。这类问题主要是测试文章的主题思想。提问方式有：What is the main idea of the passage?What can we learn from this passage? What is the besttitle for this passage? What is the passage mainly about?What is the speaker talking about? 等等。 做这一类题时一定要注意集中精力听好短文的开头，因为四级听力短文一般会开门见山，把中心思想置于文章的开头。另外，如果文中反复出现同一词汇或同一类词汇，同样也值得我们特别注意，因为包含有这类词汇的选项能较好地体现中心思想，通常就是正确答案。 2事实细节题。所考察的细节包括具体时间、地点、主要人物或事件、各种数字等，问题一般为wh-question的形式。 这类题要求我们听到文中出现时间、数字时一定要特别敏感，及时做好笔记；另外，文中一旦出现以因果连词（如because, so, due to等）和转折连词（如but, however, though等）引导的句子也要格外留心，这些地方往往就是考点。 3对错判断题。这类题常用以下提问方式：Which of the following is true / not true, according to the passage? Which of the following is not mentioned? 等等。 听到这类题时，一定要听清提问，对于有没有not 一词要弄清楚。一般情况下，not 一词会重读。 4推理推测题。这类题需要对文中的信息进行分析推断，才能作出正确的选择。提问方式有：What can be inferred from the passage? What does the speaker think about the problem.? What does the speaker most concerned about? How does the writer feel about.? 等等。 做这类题时一定要注意与短文内容一样的不是推断，而且一定要根据短文的观点而不是根据自己的观点来推断。Our family is trying to decide where to go for our vacation this summer. Our son Tom wants to go to Yellowstone Park again to see the bears. We did that last summer, and what an experience it was! When we got there we put up our tent and went to explore. As we returned, we heard our daughter Susie cry out and then we saw a bear enter our camp. Tom wanted his father to chase him away. His father said, “No! Its dangerous to chase a bear. And dont let him chase you.” Susie said, “What shall we do? Maybe we ought to climb a tree.” Tom said, “No, weve got to get him out of there. He might go to sleep in our tent.” “Maybe we could make him leave if we put some honey outside for him to eat,” Susie suggested. Then I said, “How are you going to get the honey? Its in the tent.” We watch the bear enter the tent and heard him upset everything inside. “Its foolish for us to try to catch him,” said my husband. “Leave him alone and wait for him to come out.” We waited, but the bear stayed inside. We had to sleep in the car.11. A) They havent reached a decision yet. B) They have decided to go hunting bears. C) They want to go camping. D) They want to go exploring in the country.12. A) Susie.B) Tom.C) The speaker. D) The speakers husband.13. A) They chased the bear away.B) They stayed outside the tent and did nothing.C) They climbed up a tree.D) They put some honey outside for the bear to eat.14. A) He ate the honey. B) He drank the beer.C) He chased the people away. D) He turned things upside down. 听力短文是传统题目，样题中问题的套路和过去一致。从此次的设计来看，三篇均为说明文体。（最后一篇为2003年6月听力短文第三篇文章）历史上所有文体无外乎两种：故事和说明文。说明文包含了简单说明文、科技说明文和人物传记。 考生普遍对短文类题目有畏难情绪，其实它已经和小对话一样有了很明显的通用解题技巧。第一、迅速从选项辨别文体，若为故事，结尾和对话需要非常小心，若为说明文，首尾必然有题要出；第二、在整个过程中保持绝对的注意力，多数题目中的准确答案实际就是和听力原文能够最大限度吻合的选择项。千万不要因为有不懂单词和不懂的句子出现就放弃，其实那些都是假象；第三、注意短文的常考点，诸如首末句，转折关系，逻辑关系，最高级等等，这些都被证实是屡考不爽的考点。 关于复合式听力 （36-46题，共十道）复合式听写历来是考生们最头疼的四级“绝杀”。因为完全没有选择，需要真刀真枪的写出所有答案，在过去的年份中，考生们也是能躲就躲。但是，在新四级当中，由于作为固定模式出现，复合式听写将一直存在。十题中，前七空需要写出七个单词，实际上，这些单词中大部分都属于能够听懂，但是容易写错的单词。所以，平时的功夫就很重要了。建议对于那些经常出现，但是总让自己的拼写出现困难的单词，一定要多加注意。而对于分数设计较高的最后三个空，也就是长句子听写，建议按照考试说明的要求，用“按照自己的话把题目要点写出来”而尽量不要“完全按照听到的写下来”，因为后者的难度实在太大，另外，也没有必要。需要注意，第一遍大致听懂句子并结合母语记忆；第二遍时， 核实所听到的内容，在脑海里稍微用自己的思