中高级口译词汇——教育.doc

CHAPTER 10EDUCATION教育_编者提示: 教育话题最近频频作为口语考题来出本章收录的词汇和表达都相当实用别忘了教育话题也是听力，阅读和翻译的热门考题！SECTION I: 英译中 Alma Mater 母校Bachelors degree 学士学位brain drain人才流失Cambridge 剑桥大学college equivalency大学同等学力degree 学位diploma毕业文凭division 分校doctoral degree / Ph.D degree博士学位dropout辍学eliminate illiteracy 扫盲generation gap代沟Harvard 哈佛大学intercultural exchange 国际文化交流Jurist Master (JM) 法律硕士Jurum Doctor (JD) 法学博士life-long learning 终身学习Masters degree 硕士学位MIT 麻省理工学院non-residential college 不提供住宿的大学on -job training在职培训open universities (采用电视、广播、函授进行教学的)开放大学Oxford 牛津大学polytechnic adj./ n. 工艺学校, 工艺的，Princeton 美国普林斯顿大学qualifying examination 资格考试residential college 提供住宿的大学school dropout / leaver 辍/失学青少年self-discipline 自我约束self-training 自我训练Stanford斯坦福大学study by correspondence 通过函授学习the Open University, UK （英国）开放大学tuition (fee)学费UC Berkeley 加洲伯克利大学Univ Edinburgh 爱丁堡大学Univ Munich 慕尼黑大学Univ Pennsylvania 宾夕法尼亚大学Univ Toronto 多伦多大学vocational school 职业学校Yale 耶鲁大学 SECTION II: 中译英 2.1 中国教育界热门词汇电视广播大学 television and radio broadcasting university函授学院 correspondence school成人夜校 night school for adults业余艺术/体育学校 amateur arts/athletic school附中 middle / high schoolaffiliated to 在职进修班 on-job training course政治思想教育 political and ideological education自学成才 to become educated through independent study奖学金scholarship; fellowship; financial grant 领取助学金的学生 a grant-aided student伙食费 board expenses伙食补助 food allowance 博士生Ph.D candidate 博士后postdoctoral 毕业鉴定 graduation appraisal毕业生分配graduate placement 伯乐 a good judge of talent (a name of a legendary person in the state of Qin during the Spring and Autumn Period who excelled in evaluating horses)博导 supervisor of Ph.D. candidate / doctoral advisor成人高考/自学考试 the national higher education exams for self-taught adults成人教育adult education 充电 update ones knowledge 初等教育 elementary education大学城 college town大学社区 college community大专文凭 associate degree分数 mark; grade学习成绩 academic record; school record成绩单 transcript 毕业论文 (大学)paper; （研）thesis; （博）dissertation实习 internship; field work毕业典礼 graduation ceremony; commencement毕业证书 certificate 高等教育 higher education高等教育“211工程” the“211 Project” for higher education高等学府 institution of higher education综合性大学 comprehensive university文科院校 colleges of (liberal) arts理工科大学 college / university of science and engineering师范学院 teachers college/ normal college工科大学 polytechnic university农学院 collegeof agriculture医学院 medical school中医院 institute of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)音乐学院music school美术学院 academy of fine arts高分低能 high scores and low abilities高考 (university / college) entrance examination高校扩招 the college expansion plan 高中同等学力 highschool equivalency广播电视大学 radio and television university国家普通话水平考试 National Proficiency Test of Putonghua (Mandarin)函授大学 correspondence university教授professor 副教授 associate professor客座教授 visiting professor; guest professor讲师 lecturer助教 assistant辅导员 assistant for political and ideological work教研室/组 teaching and research section/group教学法 pedagogy; teaching method教育界 education circle教育投入 input in education九年义务教育nine-year compulsory education考研 take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools课外的 extracurriculum课外活动 extracurricular activities课堂讨论 class discussion必修课 required / compulsory course选修课 elective / optional course基础课 basic course专业课 specialized course课程表 school schedule研究小组；讨论会 seminar教学大纲 teaching program; syllabus学习年限 period of schooling学历 record of formal schooling学年 school/academic year学期 (school)term; semester学分 credit两院院士 academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Engineering启发式教学 heuristic education热门话题 hot topic人才交流 talents exchange人才战 competition for talented people商务英语证书 Business English Certificate (BEC)设计学院 academy of design体育学院 institute of physical culture适龄儿童入学率 enrolment rate for children of school age授予某人学位 to confer a degree on / to sb./for sth (e.g. thesis) 升学率 proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade（国家）助学金 (state)stipend/subsidy/ financial aid硕博联读 a continuous academic project that involves postgraduate and doctoral study松江大学城 Songjiang College Town素质教育 quality-oriented education填鸭式教学 cramming method of teaching同声传译 simultaneous interpretation托福 Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL)脱产进修 block release短训班 short-term training course师生员工 faculty, students and staff教学人员 the faculty; teaching staff中、小学校长 headmaster/headmistress; principal大专院校校长 (美)president; （英）chancellor; vice-chancellor教务长, (系)主任 dean 希望工程 Project Hope小组讨论 group discussions校训 school motto校友alumnus(男); alumna（女）pl. alumni; alumnae学生会 students union/association走读生 extern; non-resident student住宿生 boarder旁听生 auditor研究生 graduate student; post-graduate (student)应届毕业生 graduating student; current years graduate课程 course; curriculum校园数字化 campus digitalization校园文化 campus culture学分 credit points学汉语热 enthusiasm in learning Chinese学历教育 education with record of formal schooling 学龄儿童 school-ager学前教育 preschool education学生减负 alleviate the burden on students 学时 credit hours学位证书 degree certificate 学英语热 enthusiasm in learning English义务教育 compulsory education应试教育 exam-oriented education优化教师队伍 optimize the teaching staff在职博士生 on-job doctorate 在职研究生 on-job postgraduates招生办公室 admission office招生就业指导办公室 enrolment and placement office职业道德 work ethics职业高中（职高） vocational high school职业教育 vocational education三学期制 the trimester system定向招生 students are admitted to be trained for pre-determinedemployers示范试点 demonstration pilot project动员 mobilize多学科的 multi-disciplinary重点大学 key university被授权 be authorized to do博士后科研流动站 center for post-doctoral studies国家发明奖 National Invention Prize国家自然科学奖 National Prize for Natural Sciences国家科技进步奖 National Prize for Progress in Science and Technology学术报告会，专题讨论会 symposium/ seminar记者招待会 press conference国家教委State Education Commission国家统计局 State Statistical Bureau国家教育经费 national expenditure on education财政拨款 financial allocation职业培训 job training职业文盲 functional illiterate专职教师 full-time teacher智力引进 recruit / introduce (foreign) talents智商 intelligence quotient (IQ)中等教育 secondary education主观能动性 subjective initiative助学行动 activity to assist the impoverished students准博士 all but dissertation (ABD)自费留学 go to study abroad at ones own expense自费研究生 self-supporting/ self-sponsored graduate student2.2 中国现行教育制度问题1. 片面追求升学率 to place undue emphasis on the proportion of students entering schools of a higher level2. 全面实施以德育为核心、以创新精神和实践能力为重点的素质教育 to carry on the quality education centering on moral education and emphasizing creativity and practice3. 教育必须为社会主义现代化服务，必须同生产劳动相结合，培养德智体全面发展的建设者和接班人。Education must serve the needs of socialist modernization, beintegrated with productive labor, and train builders and successors whoare well developed morally, intellectually and physically.4. 教育体系必须适应社会主义现代化建设需要，面向二十一世纪，具有中国特色的社会主义A socialist education