12级本科大学英语(4)翻译和写作练习 (1).docVIP

Writing.1.Directions: For this pat, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on food safety problems. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. 2. Direction: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your view on the importance of learning basic skills. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡上作答。OntheImportanceofLearningBasicSkillsAsisdescribedinthepicture,ateacheristeachingmultiplication.However,oneofherstudentsholdstheopinionthatthesebasicskillsmightbeoutdatedbythetimetheyreinthejobmarket.Nowadays,moreandmorestudentstendtobelieveitisunnecessarytolearnbasicskills.Inmymind,itisimportantforustolearnbasicskillsmainlyfortworeasons.Foronething,masteringthebasicskillscannotonlyhelpusacquireadvancedskillsbutalsocultivateourcharacters.AsthefamousBritishphilosopherFrancisBaconsaid,“Historiesmakemenwise;poemswitty;themathematicssubtle;naturalphilosophydeep;moralgrave;logicandrhetoricabletocontend.”Foranother,thebasicskillswillneverbeoutofdateandtheyareverypracticalinourdailylifeandwork.Inshort,thebasicskillsareessentialforoursuccess.Themorebasicskillswemaster,themorelikelywearetofindasatisfactoryjob.点评：本篇作文为看图作文。第一段描述图片：学生认为基本技能在未来找工作时可能会过时。第二段分析学习基本技能的重要性：1.有助于我们获得高级技能和陶冶性情；2.在日常生活和工作中都非常实用。第三段总结全文并提出作者看法。范文语言通顺，层次清楚，描述图片清晰，论点明确，论证充分合理。3.Directions: Choose one of the following topics and write a short essay for about 120 words.Topic 1: Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong WillDirections:Youreallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledNothingSucceedswithoutaStrongWillbycommentingonthehumoroussaying,Quittingsmokingistheeasiestthingintheworld.Ivedoneithundredsoftime.”Youdwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.Outline:1.坚强的意志是成功的重要保证。2.意志坚定的人才能完成伟大的使命，3.学生也是这样，不刻苦学习，终究不会成为有用之才NothingSucceedswithoutaStrongWillAswehavereadfromabove,quitting-smokingseemseasy,butinrealityitisrarelyachieved.Thereissomethingprovokingandinterestinginthisparadox,justbecausesworddoesnotwearthestoneasdrippingwaterdoes.Theabilitytodosomethingoverandoveragaininashorttimemayimplyitseasiness,butinalongrun,alifetimemaybe,thingsturnouttobequitetheopposite.Also,asisoftenthecase,onemayhaveobtainedallthetoolsandopportunitiestoachievesomething,butintheendtheystillfailduetothewillshortage.Sohowcouldweavoidthedilemma?Hereistheprimeconditionofsuccess:willandperseverance.Concentrateyouenergy,thoughtandmindexclusivelyonthebusinessinwhichyouareengaged,hangoninthereandbepatient,for,asEmersonputit,noonecancheatyououtofyourultimatesuccessbutyourself.Topic 2: My views on Online ShoppingNowadays, can we find a person who has not experienced online shopping? Definitely not. Online shopping is coming into fashion in most of cities due to the rapid development of internet technology.Online shopping is welcomed by most people due to various reasons. From the perspective of consumer, it can save some time for people who dont have much spare time. Just click the mouse, they can get whatever they want while staying at home. For the retailers, it can cut some costs for those who dont have much circulating funds. They dont have to rent a house and spend money on employees compared with the traditional trade mode. However, there are still some defects in online shopping. First, face to face deal makes online shopping less reliable and trustworthy. Second, people will lose the fun of bargain.It is undeniable that shopping on the internet has become an irresistible trend in modern society. Its of great urgency that we need to regulate the relative laws in accordance with the rapid growth of online shopping. Only in this way can we enjoy the pleasure and convenience of online shopping without the concern of being treated.点评：本次四级作文探讨的是最近的热点话题之一互联网网购。目前网购的风靡程度是众所周知，因此，考生对于该话题还是比较熟悉的。但是，比较特殊的是，题干所列出的要求的是考生从一个客观的角度来阐述该话题，而不是简单陈述自己的意见。所以，考生应当审清楚题，在写作时不仅仅要列出网购的优点，还必须给出相应的缺点。按照四级作文的要求，考生在第一段时应该总述现象并引出话题；第二段考生应当从正反两方面来论述网购，分别铺陈其优缺点；关于优点，网购的优点很多，考生可择其最突出显著的方面来阐述，比如说网购可以节省很多时间；网购可以节省很多成本开支等；其次，缺点方面考生可以把重心放在诚信方面；为了不至于跟优点相比，缺点方面太轻，考生可以考虑稍微提一下其他缺点，比如说与传统购物相比，网购少去了很多砍价的乐趣；第三点要求考生对于第二段列出的缺点给出自己的建议。此处我们可以根据第二段列出的缺点方面给出相应的防范应对措施。4. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the importance of studying math. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.5.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Excessive Packaging following the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. 1.目前许多商品存在过度包装的现象2.出现这一现象的原因3.我对这一现象的看法和建议On Excessive PackagingIn recent years, with the economy growing, all kinds of goods are flowing into our life. The packaging of goods becomes more and more attracting our eyes. However, the problem of excessive packaging has aroused peoples wide concern.This phenomenon exists for a number of reasons. For one thing, the business has seen through the mind of most consumers who are face-saving, for they thought that the more beautiful the packaging of goods is, the best people like. For another thing, excessive packaging can make the majority of merchants get high profit for the cheap commodity by improving price. Perhaps the primary reason lies that the form far outweighs the content.In my opinion, it is more advisable to focus on the quality of goods than to decorate its appearance. So, it is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation. Only in this way can we reduce unnecessary waste and have a rational and pure shopping condition, making our money worthwhile.Translation (15 scores)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.春节，是中华民族“百节之首”。在中国历史文明中，庆祝春节的习俗很多，至今保存最广的习俗是贴春联(spring couplets)。每逢春节，无论城市还是农村，家家户户都要精选一副春联贴于门上，为春节增加喜庆气氛，也表达一家一户对新的美好愿望。一些春联还反映出不同行业、不同家庭不同的“幸福观”。The Spring Festival is the first of all festivals in China. In the history of Chinese civilization, there are a lot of customs to celebrate the Spring Festival, but so far the most widely preserved one is pasting couplets. Every Chinese New Year, no matter it is in the city or in the countryside, every family will select a pair of spring couplets and paste them on the door to add to the festive atmosphere and also the express best wishes for the New Year. Some couplets also reflects the different concepts of “happiness” of different families and in different industries. 2. Directions： For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet. 中医（Traditional Chinese Medicine）是世界医学的遗产。中医在很多方面要优于西医。因为其效果和医治方式，现在中医在世界上越来越流行了。中医起源于古代，已经发展了很长一段时间，它收集了治疗不同疾病的各种方法。传统中医讲究身体系统的平衡，一旦人的身体系统平衡，疾病就会消失。身体系统的损害是疾病的根源。 Traditional Chinese Medicine is the heritage of world medicine. Traditional Chinese Medicine has an advantage over the Western medicine in many aspects. Now it is more and more popular in the world due to its effect and its way to heal people. Originated from the ancient time, Traditional Chinese Medicine has developed for a long time and has collected various ways to treat different illnesses. Traditional Chinese Medicine pays attention to the balance of the body system. Once the body system of people is in balance, the illness will disappear. The damage of the body system is the source of disease. 3. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 北京有无数的胡同(hutong）。平民百姓在胡同里的生活给古都北京带来了无穷的魅力。北京的胡同不仅仅是平民百姓的生活环境，而且还是一门建筑艺术。通常，胡同内有一个大杂院，房间够4到l0个家庭的差不多20口人住。所以，胡同里的生活充满了友善和人情味。如今，随着社会和经济的飞速发展，很多胡同被新的高楼大厦所取代。但愿胡同可以保留下来。In Beijing, there are numerous hutongs. The life of common people in hutongs brings endless charm to the ancient capital, Beijing. The hutong in Beijing is not only the living environment of common people but also a kind of architecture. Usually, there is a courtyard complex inside hutong, with rooms shared by 4 to 10 families of about 20 people. Therefore, life in hutongs is full of friendliness and genuine humanity. Nowadays, with rapid social and economic development, many hutongs are replaced by new tall buildings. I hope hutongs can be preserved.4.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.儒家思想（Confucianism）由孔子（Confucius）在春秋时期（the Spring and Autumn Period）创立，并迅速成为中国文化的核心内容（pillar）之一。儒家重视道德和人与人之间的关系，着力于关注人类社会秩序的和谐安定；对于虚无飘渺的神灵（illusory divine）世 界，尽量采取回避的态度，或按照自己的观念加以改造而得到强化。儒学对中国文化产生了巨大的影响，其价值观念渗透（permeate）在中国人民的生活、思想和习俗中。Confucianism, established by Confucius during the Spring and Autumn Period, quickly became one of the pillars of Chinese culture. Confucian philosophy attaches great importance to ethics and interpersonal relationships and is concerned about the harmony and stability of the order of human society. It adopts the attitude of trying as much as possible to evade the illusory divine world or intensifying the concept through the transformation of divine world according to ones own ideology. Confucianism has had a great infuence on Chinese culture with its values permeating the life, thinking and customs of the Chinese people.5. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes