国际贸易术语解释通则2010之CFR(中英对照版).doc

COSTANDFREIGHT成本加运费CFR(insertnamedportofdestination)Incoterms2010成本加运费（指定目的港）GUIDANCENOTE序言Thisruleistobeusedonlyforseaorinlandwaterwaytransport.“CostandFreight”meansthatthesellerdeliversthegoodsonboardthevesselorprocuresthegoodsalreadysodelivered.Theriskoflossofordamagetothegoodspasseswhenthegoodsareonboardthevessel.该术语仅适用于海运或内河运输。“CostandFreight”是指当卖方将货物运至船上或取得已按此送交的货物，即完成交货。当货物已运至船上时，货物灭失或损坏的风险发生转移。Thesellermustcontractforandpaythecostsandfreightnecessarytobringthegoodstothenamedportofdestination.卖方还必须订立货物运至指定目的港的合同并支付成本和运费。WhenCPT,CIP,CFRorCIFareused,thesellerfulfilsitsobligationtodeliverwhenithandsthegoodsovertothecarrierinthemannerspecifiedinthechosenruleandnotwhenthegoodsreachtheplaceofdestination.当使用CPT,CIP,CFR或CIF等术语时，卖方承担其将货物按照所选规则指定的方式交付承运人前所有风险和费用，而当货物运至指定目的地后，由买方承担一切风险和费用。Thisrulehastwocriticalpoints,becauseriskpassesandcostsaretransferredatdifferentplaces.Whilethecontractwillalwaysspecifyadestinationport,itmightnotspecifytheportofshipment,whichiswhereriskpassestothebuyer.Iftheshipmentportisofparticularinteresttothebuyer,thepartiesarewelladvisedtoidentifyitaspreciselyaspossibleinthecontract.此术语有两个关键点，因为风险转移和费用在不同的地方转移。合同中通常会指定目的港，但可能并未指定风险转移至买方的装运港。如果装运港与买方有特定利益，则当事人应尽可能精准地在合同中确定。Thepartiesarewelladvisedtoidentifyaspreciselyaspossiblethepointattheagreedportofdestination,asthecoststothatpointarefortheaccountoftheseller.Thesellerisadvisedtoprocurecontractsofcarriagethatmatchthischoiceprecisely.Ifthesellerincurscostsunderitscontractofcarriagerelatedtounloadingatthespecifiedpointattheportofdestination,thesellerisnotentitledtorecoversuchcostsfromthebuyerunlessotherwiseagreedbetweentheparties.当事人应尽可能精准地指定约定目的港中的具体交货地点，因为货物运送至该地点所需费用由卖方负担。建议卖方订立与上述决定适宜的运输合同。除当事人事先另有约定外，如果卖方根据其运输合同负担了有关货物在指定目的港卸载的费用，其无权要求买方偿还相关费用。Thesellerisrequiredeithertodeliverthegoodsonboardthevesselortoprocuregoodsalreadysodeliveredforshipmenttothedestination.Inaddition,thesellerisrequiredeithertomakeacontractofcarriageortoprocuresuchacontract.Thereferenceto“procure”herecatersformultiplesalesdownachain(stringsales),particularlycommoninthecommoditytrades.卖方必须将货物运到船上或取得已按此送交准备发运的货物。此外，卖方必须订立运输合同或取得这样的合同。这里的“取得”适合于多层次链条式销售（线性销售），在商品销售中尤为普遍。CFRmaynotbeappropriatewheregoodsarehandedovertothecarrierbeforetheyareonboardthevessel,forexamplegoodsincontainers,whicharetypicallydeliveredataterminal.Insuchcircumstances,theCPTruleshouldbeused.CFRrequiresthesellertoclearthegoodsforexport,whereapplicable.However,thesellerhasnoobligationtoclearthegoodsforimport,payanyimportdutyorcarryoutanyimportcustomsformalities.CFR不适用于货物在装船之前移交给承运人的情况，比如集装箱内的货物通常在目的地交付。在这种情况下，应使用CPT术语。在需要办理清关手续时，CFR要求卖方应负责货物的出口清关。然而，卖方并没有义务办理货物进口清关、负担任何进口关税或办理任何进口海关手续。ATHESELLEROBLIGATIONS卖方义务A1Generalobligationsoftheseller卖方基本义务Thesellermustprovidethegoodsandthecommercialinvoiceinconformitywiththecontractofsaleandanyotherevidenceofconformitythatmayberequiredbythecontract.AnydocumentreferredtoinA1-A10maybeanequivalentelectronicrecordorprocedureifagreedbetweenthepartiesorcustomary.卖方必须提供符合销售合同规定的货物和商业发票以及按照合同约定必需的有同等作用的其他任何凭证。以及经当事人同意或根据交易习惯在A1-A10中提到的任何有同等作用的电子记录或程序的凭证。A2Licences,authorizations,securityclearancesandotherformalities许可，授权，安全许可和其他正式手续Whereapplicable,thesellermustobtain,atitsownriskandexpense,anyexportlicenceorotherofficialauthorizationandcarryoutallcustomsformalitiesnecessaryfortheexportofthegoods.在需要办理清关手续时，卖方必须承担风险和费用获得任何出口许可或其他官方授权，办理货物出口所需的一切海关手续。A3Contractsofcarriageandinsurance运输合同和保险合同a)Contractofcarriage运输合同Thesellermustcontractorprocureacontractforthecarriageofthegoodsfromtheagreedpointofdelivery,ifany,attheplaceofdeliverytothenamedportofdestinationor,ifagreed,anypointatthatport.Thecontractofcarriagemustbemadeonusualtermsatthesellersexpenseandprovideforcarriagebytheusualrouteinavesselofthetypenormallyusedforthetransportofthetypeofgoodssold.卖方必须自付费用，按照通常条件订立运输合同，自约定交货地点，经由惯常航线，将货物用通常可供运输合同所指货物类型的海轮运至指定目的港。b)Contractofinsurance保险合同Thesellerhasnoobligationtothebuyertomakeacontractofinsurance.However,thesellermustprovidethebuyer,atthebuyersrequest,risk,andexpense(ifany),withinformationthatthebuyerneedsforobtaininginsurance.卖方没有义务为买方订立保险合同。但应买方要求并由其承担风险和费用，卖方必须提供给买方办理保险所需的相关信息。A4Delivery交货Thesellermustdeliverthegoodseitherbyplacingthemonboardthevesselorbyprocuringthegoodssodelivered.Ineithercase,thesellermustdeliverthegoodsontheagreeddateorwithintheagreedperiodandinthemannercustomaryattheport.卖方必须将在约定日期或期限内，按照该港习惯方式将货物运至船上或取得已交运的货物。A5Transferofrisks风险转移ThesellerbearsallrisksoflossofordamagetothegoodsuntiltheyhavebeendeliveredinaccordancewithA4,withtheexceptionoflossordamageinthecircumstancesdescribedinB5.除B5规定者外，卖方必须承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险，直至已按照A4规定交货为止。A6Allocationofcosts费用划分Thesellermustpay卖方必须支付：a)allcostsrelatingtothegoodsuntiltheyhavebeendeliveredinaccordancewithA4,otherthanthosepayablebythebuyerasenvisagedinB6;除按照B6规定应由买方支付的费用外，卖方必须支付与货物有关的一切费用，直至已按照A4规定交货为止。b)thefreightandallothercostsresultingfromA3a),includingthecostsofloadingthegoodsonboardandanychargesforunloadingattheagreedportofdischargethatwereforthesellersaccountunderthecontractofcarriage;and按照A3a）规定所发生的运费和其他一切费用，包括根据运输合同规定由卖方支付的货物装船费和在约定卸货港的卸货费c)whereapplicable,thecostsofcustomsformalitiesnecessaryforexportaswellasallduties,taxesandotherchargespayableuponexport,andthecostsfortheirtransportthroughanycountrythatwereforthesellersaccountunderthecontractofcarriage.在需要办理海关手续时，货物出口需要办理的海关手续费用及出口时应缴纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用，以及根据运输合同规定，由卖方支付的货物从他国过境的费用。A7Noticestothebuyer通知买方Thesellermustgivethebuyeranynoticeneededinordertoallowthebuyertotakemeasuresthatarenormallynecessarytoenablethebuyertotakethegoods.卖方必须给予买方必要的任何通知，以便买方能够为受领货物采取通常必要的措施。A8Deliverydocument交货凭证Thesellermust,atitsownexpense,providethebuyerwithoutdelaywiththeusualtransportdocumentfortheagreedportofdestination.卖方必须自担费用及时向买方提供表明载往约定目的港的通常运输凭证。Thistransportdocumentmustcoverthecontractgoods,bedatedwithintheperiodagreedforshipment,enablethebuyertoclaimthegoodsfromthecarrierattheportofdestinationand,unlessotherwiseagreed,enablethebuyertosellthegoodsintransitbythetransferofthedocumenttoasubsequentbuyerorbynotificationtothecarrier.Whensuchatransportdocumentisissuedinnegotiableformandinseveraloriginals,afullsetoforiginalsmustbepresentedtothebuyer.此运输凭证必须包括合同货物等内容，其日期应在约定的装运期限内，并能让买方在指定目的港从承运人处提货。除非另有约定，此凭证还应能让买方在运输中通过将此凭证转让给另一买主或通知承运人以销售货物。在运输凭证以可流通的方式发行并存在多个正本时，所有正本必须全部交付买方。A9Checkingpackagingmarking查对、包装、标记Thesellermustpaythecostsofthosecheckingoperations(suchascheckingquality,measuring,weighing,counting)thatarenecessaryforthepurposeofdeliveringthegoodsinaccordancewithA4,aswellasthecostsofanypre-shipmentinspectionmandatedbytheauthorityofthecountryofexport.Thesellermust,atitsownexpense,packagethegoods,unlessitisusualfortheparticulartradetotransportthetypeofgoodssoldunpackaged.Thesellermaypackagethegoodsinthemannerappropriatefortheirtransport,unlessthebuyerhasnotifiedthesellerofspecificpackagingrequirementsbeforethecontractofsaleisconcluded.Packagingistobemarkedappropriately.卖方必须支付按照A4规定为了将货物交给买方处置所需进行的查对费用（如查对货物品质、丈量、过磅、点数的费用）以及出口国有关当局在装运前强制检验的费用。卖方必须自付费用包装货物，除非按照相关行业惯例，所售类型的货物通常无需包装发运。卖方应该按照有关货物运输所要求的方式包装货物，除非买方在订立合同前已经通知卖方特殊的包装要求。包装应作适当标记。A10Assistancewithinformationandrelatedcosts信息协助及相关费用Thesellermust,whereapplicable,inatimelymanner,providetoorrenderassistanceinobtainingforthebuyer,atthebuyersrequest,riskandexpense,anydocumentsandinformation,includingsecurity-relatedinformation,thatthebuyerneedsfortheimportofthegoodsand/orfortheirtransporttothefinaldestination.ThesellermustreimbursethebuyerforallcostsandchargesincurredbythebuyerinprovidingorrenderingassistanceinobtainingdocumentsandinformationasenvisagedinB10.应买方要求并由其承担风险和费用，在需要办理清关手续时，卖方必须给予买方一切及时的协助，以帮助其取得包括买方为进口货物和/或为使货物运输到最终目的地所需的有关货物安全信息在内的任何凭证和信息。卖方必须偿付买方按照B10规定在卖方获得相关凭证和信息时给予协助所发生的费用。BTHEBUYEROBLIGATIONS买方义务B1Generalobligationsofthebuyer买方基本义务Thebuyermustpaythepriceofthegoodsasprovidedinthecontractofsale.买方必须按照销售合同规定支付价款。AnydocumentreferredtoinB1-B10maybeanequivalentelectronicrecordorprocedureifagreedbetweenthepartiesorcustomary.以及经当事人同意或根据交易习惯在B1-B10中提到的任何有同等作用的电子记录或程序的凭证。B2Licences,authorizations,securityclearancesandotherformalities许可，授权，安全许可和其他正式手续Whereapplicable,itisuptothebuyertoobtain,atitsownriskandexpense,anyimportlicenceorotherofficialauthorizationandcarryoutallcustomsformalitiesfortheimportofthegoodsandfortheirtransportthroughanycountry.在需要办理清关手续时，由买方自担风险和费用获得任何进口许可或其他官方授权，并负责办理货物进口和从他国过境的一切海关手续。B3Contractsofcarriageandinsurance运输合同和保险合同a)Contractofcarriage运输合同Thebuyerhasnoobligationtothesellertomakeacontractofcarriage.买方没有义务为卖方订立运输合同。b)Contractofinsurance保险合同Thebuyerhasnoobligationtothesellertomakeacontractofinsurance.However,thebuyermustprovidetheseller,uponrequest,withthenecessaryinformationforobtaininginsurance.买方没有义务为卖方订立保险合同。但应卖方要求，买方必须提供给卖方办理保险的必要信息。B4Takingdelivery受领货物ThebuyermusttakedeliveryofthegoodswhentheyhavebeendeliveredasenvisagedinA4andreceivethemfromthecarrieratthenamedportofdestination.买方必须在卖方按照A4规定交货时受领货物并在指定目的港从承运人处收受货物。B5Transferofrisks风险转移ThebuyerbearsallrisksoflossofordamagetothegoodsfromthetimetheyhavebeendeliveredasenvisagedinA4.IfthebuyerfailstogivenoticeinaccordancewithB7,thenitbearsallrisksoflossofordamagetothegoodsfromtheagreeddateortheexpirydateoftheagreedperiodforshipment,providedthatthegoodshavebeenclearlyidentifiedasthecontractgoods.买方必须承担按照A4规定交货时起货物灭失或损坏的一切风险。如买方未能按照B7规定给予卖方通知，则买方必须从约定的装运日期或装运期限届满之日起，承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下为限。B6Allocationofcosts费用划分Thebuyermust,subjecttotheprovisionsofA3a),pay除A3a）规定外，买方必须支付：a)allcostsrelatingtothegoodsfromthetimetheyhavebeendeliveredasenvisagedinA4,except,whereapplicable,thecostsofcustomsformalitiesnecessaryforexportaswellasallduties,taxes,andotherchargespayableuponexportasreferredtoinA6c);自按照A4规定交货之时起与货物有关的一切费用。以及在需要办理海关手续时，货物出口所需办理海关手续的费用和按照A6c)规定在货物出口时应交纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用。b)allcostsandchargesrelatingtothegoodswhileintransituntiltheirarrivalattheportofdestination,unlesssuchcostsandchargeswereforthesellersaccountunderthecontractofcarriage;货物在运输途中直至到达目的港为止的一切费用，除非这些费用根据运输合同应由卖方支付c)unloadingcostsincludinglighterageandwharfagecharges,unlesssuchcostsandchargeswereforthesellersaccountunderthecontractofcarriage;包括驳船费和码头费在内的卸货费，除非根据运输合同应由卖方支付d)anyadditionalcostsincurredifitfailstogivenoticeinaccordancewithB7,fromtheagreeddateortheexpirydateoftheagreedperiodforshipment,providedthatthegoodshavebeenclearlyidentifiedasthecontractgoods;and如买方未按照B7规定给予卖方通知，则自约定的装运日期或装运期限届满之日起，货物所发生的一切额外费用，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下为限e)whereapplicable,allduties,taxesandothercharges,aswellasthecostsofcarryingoutcustomsformalitiespayableuponimportofthegoodsandthecostsfortheirtransportthroughanycountryunlessincludedwithinthecostofthecontractofcarriage.在需要办理海关手续时，货物进口应交纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用及办理海关手续的费用，以及从他国过境的费用，除非这些费用已包括在运输合同中。B7Noticestotheseller通知卖方Thebuyermust,wheneveritisentitledtodeterminethetimeforshippingthegoodsand/orthepointofreceivingthegoodswithinthenamedportofdest