陕西省西安市高考英语阅读理解和短文改错暑假选练6.doc

陕西省西安市2016高考英语阅读理解和短文改错暑假选练6阅读理解。feeling blue about the world ? “cheer up，” says science writer matt ridley.“the world has never been a better place to live in，and it will keep on getting better both for humans and for nature.”ridley calls himself a rational optimistrational，because hes carefully weighed the evidence optimistic，because that evidence shows human progress to be both unavoidable and good. and this is what hes set out to prove from a unique point of view in his most recent book the rational optimist. he views mankind as a grand enterprise that，on the whole，has done little but progress for 100, 000 years.he backs his findings with hard facts gathered through years of research.heres how he explains his views. 1)shopping fuels inventionit is reported that there are more than ten billion different products for sale in london alone.even allowing for the many people who still live in poverty，our own generation has access to more nutritious food，more convenient transport，bigger houses，better cars，and of course，more pounds and dollars than any who lived before us .this will continue as long as we use these things to make other things.the more we specialize and exchange，the better off well be.2) brilliant advancesone reason we are richer，healthier，taller，cleverer，longerlived and freer than ever before is that the four most basic human needsfood，clothing，fuel and shelterhave grown a lot cheaper.take one example.in 1800 a candle providing one hours light cost six hours work.in the 1880s the same light from an oil lamp took 15 minutes work to pay for.in 1950 it was eight seconds.today its half second.3) lets not kill ourselves for climate changemitigating(减轻) climate change could prove just as damaging to human welfare as climate change itself.a child that dies from indoor smoke in a village，where the use of fassilfuel(化石燃料) electricity is forbidden by wellmeaning members of green political movements trying to save the world，is just as great a tragedy as a child that dies in a flood caused by climate change.if climaic change proves to be mild，but cutting carbon causes real pain，we may well find that we have stopped a nosebleed by putting a tourniquet(止血带) around our necks.人类的进步是无法阻挡的，是令人乐观。在理性的乐观主义者一书中，作者阐述了自己对于生活中的乐观现象，并且对于购物这样普通的日常行为所带来的积极影响都做了详尽的分析和描述。1what is the theme of ridleys most recent book?aweakness of human nature.bconcern about climate change.cimportance of practical thinking.doptimism about human progress.答案：d。理解判断题。从第二段的前两句话中，反复提到一个关键词“optimistic”以及信息句“because that evidence shows.”；另外，“this is what hes set out to prove.”一句也正好清楚的表明了作者在本书中所以阐述的正是这个话题，正是与选项d的说法是一致的，即：人类的进步总是不可避免的。2how does ridley look at shopping?ait encourages the creation of things.bit results in shortage of goods.cit demands more fossil fuels.dit causes a poverty problem.答案：a。细节判断题。从“shopping fuels invention”一段正是反映了ridley的观点：购物能够激发创造发明。选项a与之相吻合。3the candle and lamp example is used to show that _.aoil lamps give off more light than candlesbshortening working time brings about a happier lifecadvanced technology helps to produce better candlesdincreased production rate leads to lower cost of goods答案：d。细节判断题。根据brilliant advances 一段中的“take one example”一句很明显的确定为：作者拿蜡烛与灯的比较与变化正是为了前面他所提到的看法，故与选项d的说法是一致的。4what does the last sentence of the passage imply?acutting carbon is necessary in spite of the huge cost.boverreaction to climate change may be dangerous.cpeoples health is closely related to climate change.dcareless medical treatment may cause great pain.答案：b。推理判断题。根据最后一句话中的“cutting carbon causes real pain”可以排除选项a与c的说法，因为它们大相径庭；而根据“putting. around our necks”一句可以表明选项d中“careless”一词运用不当，是不符合语境的。故只有选项b是最正确的。阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。even before my father left us, my mother had to go back to work to support our family. once i came out of the kitchen, complaining, “mom, i cant peel potatoes. i have only one hand.”mom never looked up from sewing. “you get yourself into that kitchen and peel those potatoes,” she told me. “and dont ever use that as an excuse for anything again!”in the second grade, our teacher lined up my class on the playground and had each of us race across the monkey bars, swinging from one high steel rod to the next. when it was my turn, i shook my head. some kids behind me laughed, and i went home crying.that night i told mom about it. she hugged me, and i saw her “well see about that” look. the next afternoon, she took me back to school. at the deserted playground, mom looked carefully at the bars.“now, pull up with your right arm,” she advised. she stood by as i struggled to lift myself with my right hand until i could hook the bar with my other elbow. day after day we practiced, and she praised me for every rung i reached. ill never forget the next time, crossing the rungs, i looked down at the kids who were standing with their mouths open.one night, after a dance at my new junior high, i lay in bed sobbing. i could hear mom come into my room. “mom,” i said, weeping, “none of the boys would dance with me.”for a long time, i didnt hear anything. then she said, “oh, honey, someday youll be beating those boys off with a bat.” her voice was faint and cracking. i peeked out from my covers to see tears running down her cheeks. then i knew how much she suffered on my behalf. she had never let me see her tears.1. which of the following expressions can be used most suitably to describe moms attitude when she made the child to peel potatoes?a. cruel. b. serious. c. strict.d. cold.2. from the passage, we know monkey bars can help a child train _.a. the skill to throw and catch thingsb. the speed of ones hand movementc. the strength and skill to hang and swayd. the bodily skill to rotate round a bar3. what does the sentence “i saw her well see about that look” imply?a. mom believed every aim could be achieved if you stuck to it.b. the race across monkey bars was not difficult enough for a child to give up.c. mom was determined to prove she herself was better than the teacher.d. what the child had said brought mom great attraction and curiosity.4. when the child looked down at the kids, they were standing with their mouths open because _.a. they felt sorry for what they had done beforeb. they were afraid the author might fall off and get hurtc. they wanted to see what the author would do on the barsd. they were astonished to find the authors progress5. the most probable conclusion we can draw after reading the passage is _.a. the last incident was sad enough to make mom weepb. the childs experience reminded mom of that of her ownc. mom could solve any problem except the one in the last paragraphd. in fact mom suffered more in the process of the childs growth 文章讲的是一位母亲是如何帮助自己缺一只手的儿子解决成长中的问题。1. c。推理判断题。从他妈妈的话and dont ever use that as an excuse for anything again可知他妈妈对他要求很严，即答案选c。2. c。推理判断题。从had each of us race across the monkey bars, swinging from one high steel rod to the next可知答案c正确。3. a。推理判断题。第二天妈妈带我去学校帮助我练习monkey bars，可推知妈妈是个很有恒心的人，故答案选a。4. d。推理判断题。从ill never forget the next time, crossing the rungs, i looked down at the kids who were standing with their mouths open可知同学们对我的表现都很吃惊，即答案选d。5. d。推理判断题。从then i knew how much she suffered on my behalf. she had never let me see her tears可知对于我的成长中的痛苦妈妈比我承受得还要多，即答案选d。【由上海市闵行区2014质量调研考试改编】阅读理解。阅读下面短文，从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。directions: read the following three passages. each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. for each of them there are four choices marked a, b, c and d. choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.for the most part, it seems, workers in rich countries have little to fear from globalization, and a lot to gain. but is the same thing true for workers in poor countries? the answer is that they are even more likely than their rich-country counterparts (地位相当的人) to benefit, because they have less to lose and more to gain. traditional economics takes an optimistic line on integration (整合) and the developing countries. openness to foreign trade and investment should encourage capital to flow to poor economies. in the developing world, capital is scarce, so the returns on investment there should be higher than in the industrialized countries, where the best opportunities to make money by adding capital to labour have already been used up. if poor countries lower their barriers to trade and investment, the theory goes, rich foreigners will want to send over some of their capital. if this inflow of resources arrives in the form of loans or portfolio investment (组合投资), it will top up domestic savings and loosen the financial restriction on additional investment by local companies. if it arrives in the form of new foreign-controlled operations, fdi, so much the better: this kind of capital brings technology and skills from abroad packaged along with it, with less financial risk as well. in either case, the addition to investment ought to push incomes up, partly by raising the demand for labour and partly by making labour more productive. this is why workers in fdi-receiving countries should be in an even better position to profit from integration than workers in fdi-sending countries. also, with or without inflows of foreign capital, the same gains from trade should apply in developing countries as in rich ones. this gains from trade logic often arouses suspicion, because the benefits seem to come from nowhere. surely one side or the other must lose. not so. the benefits that a rich country gets through trade do not come at the expense of its poor country trading partners, or vice versa. recall that according to the theory, trade is a positive sum game. in all these trades, both sidesexporters and importers, borrowers and lenders, shareholders and workers can gain. 1.why are workers in poor countries more likely to benefit from the process of globalization?a. they can get more chances to gain a good job.b. they can get more financial aid.c. they have nothing to lose.d. they have less to lose and more to gain.2. what can be the final result of the inflow of the resource?a. it will top up domestic savings.b. it will loosen the financial restriction.c. it will push peoples incomes up.d. it will bring technology and skills from abroad.3. what can we know from the last paragraph?a. poor countries get the most profit during the process of trade.b. rich countries get profit from trade at poor countries expense.c. poor countries get more profit from trade than rich ones.d. all aspects involved in the trade can get benefit.4.which can be the most appropriate title for this passage?a. benefited or hurtb. who benefits the mostc. helping the poord. the inflow of resources1.d2.c3.d4.b阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。there are various reasons why cancers appear to be on the increase. for one thing, though their sufferers are to be found in all age groups, cancers are particularly likely to attack persons in their middle and advanced years. naturally, since people live longer these years, there are more cancer sufferers than before. again, with better methods of diagnosis (诊断), doctors can more easily recognize cancerous growths that would formerly have passed unnoticed or that would have been wrongly diagnosed. it is also believed that certain habits and conditions of modem living, including heavy smoking and the pollution of the air, may leave people living in more cancer-causing conditions than before.we all look forward to the day when a simple medical test can find cancer while it is still small. researchers around the world are working on such a test. most of their work deals with the examination of the blood.researchers in boston have found something in the blood of cancer patients that does not appear in healthy persons. the test showed which persons had cancer and which did not. it was correct more than 90 percent of the time.the researchers believe the test may be able to show cancer very clearly in its development. cancers discovered early usually can be treated successfully.the test examines very small bits of fat in the blood called lipids (脂质). cancers seem to change lipids although doctors do not know why. the test showed differences between the lipids of the persons with cancer and the lipids of those without cancer.the researchers say the new test could be a step to develop a simple way to check patients for cancer before the disease shows on an x-ray.1. who will fail cancer from the study of the researchers?a. the young. b. the middle age and the older.c. the man. d. the woman.2. the underlined words such a test refer to_.a. the test that shows which persons have cancer and which dont .b. the test that may be able to show cancer very early in its development,.c. a simple medical test that cannot find cancer when it is -smalld. a new test that could be a step to develop a difficult way3. which of the following statements is true according to the passage?a. cancers have much to do with something in patients blood.b. people living in better conditions are most likely to be attacked by cancer.c.x-raying is the best way to determined whether a person has cancer or not.d. cancers have nothing to do with a persons habits and living conditions.4. what would be the best title for the passage?a. a simple way to cancer b. cancers can be curedc. how to find cancer d. early discovery of cancer1. b 细节题。从第一段中的cancers are particularly likely to attack persons in their middle and advanced years可以知道癌症尤其容易在中年人和老年人的身体上发生。2. b 词义题。第二段中的a simple medical test can find cancer while it is still small；test与后面的such a test指的是同样的一种方法，所以这里的test指的是上句的“用最简单的方法诊断早期的癌症”。3. a 细节题。第三段中提到了cancer病人血液中的有些东西在健康人中没有，并且百分之九十以上的情况是这样的。b项与d项的意思与文章第一段中的certain habits and conditions of modern living including heavy smoking and pollution of the air may leave people living in more cancer-causing conditions不符；c项内容与文章最后一段的意思不符。4. d 主旨题。文章在开头就交代了写作的目的，有各种不同的理由说明了为什么癌症似乎在上升，而从后面的几段我们知道科学家们正在研究一种新的早期诊断cancer的方法。短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线( )划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词 2.只允许修改10处，多者(从11处起)不计分on saturday afternoon, li hua and wang ping, members of “green eyes”, was having an environmental protection activity near the riverside when they catch sight of a bird on the ground. they picked it out and found it wounded. think it might die without timely help, they took it to home. they made a nest for it but fed it on rice and water. the lucky birds recovered soon. when it was time for the bird fly away, they felt pity but were very delighted. i think its worthwhile for him to do such a thing. here i call on the public to show respect for nature. only by changing the way that we treat the environment can we get along good with it.【参考答案】4.was-were catch-caught out-up think-thinking to home-home but-and birds-bird fly-to fly him-them good-well短文改错(共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分) 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误