Spring Data JPA初使用.doc

Spring Data JPA初使用 分类： spring 2013-02-17 21:56 704人阅读 评论(0) 收藏 举报 springSpring我们都知道Spring是一个非常优秀的JavaEE整合框架，它尽可能的减少我们开发的工作量和难度。在持久层的业务逻辑方面，Spring开源组织又给我们带来了同样优秀的Spring Data JPA。通常我们写持久层，都是先写一个接口，再写接口对应的实现类，在实现类中进行持久层的业务逻辑处理。而现在，Spring Data JPA帮助我们自动完成了持久层的业务逻辑处理，我们要做的，仅仅是声明一个持久层接口。1、下载开发所需要的发布包。1）spring-framework-3.1.2.RELEASE-with-docs.zip下载地址：/spring-framework2）hibernate-release-4.1.6.Final.zip下载地址：/packages/hibernate3）Spring Data JPASpring Data JPA下载地址：/spring-data/jpaSpring Data Commons下载地址：/spring-data/commons4）其他一些依赖包可以从/repository/app/library上查找下载2、新建一个Web项目 spring-data-jpa，把相应的jar包放到/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib目录下。 我也没有挑选哪些是不需要的，最后用到的jar如下：.aspectj.weaver-1.6.3.RELEASE.jarcommons-lang3-3.1.jardom4j-1.6.1.jarhibernate-commons-annotations-4.0.1.Final.jarhibernate-core-4.1.6.Final.jarhibernate-entitymanager-4.1.6.Final.jarhibernate-jpa-2.0-api-1.0.1.Final.jarjavassist-3.15.0-GA.jarjboss-logging-3.1.0.GA.jarjboss-transaction-api_1.1_spec-1.0.0.Final.jarlog4j-1.2.17.jarmysql-connector-java-5.0.4-bin.jarorg.springframework.aop-3.1.2.RELEASE.jarorg.springframework.asm-3.1.2.RELEASE.jarorg.springframework.aspects-3.1.2.RELEASE.jarorg.springframework.beans-3.1.2.RELEASE.jarorg.springframework.context-3.1.2.RELEASE.jarorg.springframework.context.support-3.1.2.RELEASE.jarorg.springframework.core-3.1.2.RELEASE.jarorg.springframework.expression-3.1.2.RELEASE.jarorg.springframework.instrument-3.1.2.RELEASE.jarorg.springframework.instrument.tomcat-3.1.2.RELEASE.jarorg.springframework.jdbc-3.1.2.RELEASE.jarorg.springframework.jms-3.1.2.RELEASE.jarorg.springframework.js.resources-2.3.0.RELEASE.jarorg.springframework.orm-3.1.2.RELEASE.jarorg.springframework.oxm-3.1.2.RELEASE.jarorg.springframework.test-3.1.2.RELEASE.jarorg.springframework.transaction-3.1.2.RELEASE.jarorg.springframework.web-3.1.2.RELEASE.jarorg.springframework.web.portlet-3.1.2.RELEASE.jarorg.springframework.web.servlet-3.1.2.RELEASE.jarslf4j-api-1.6.6.jarslf4j-log4j12-1.6.6.jarspring-data-commons-core-1.3.0.M1.jarspring-data-jpa-1.0.2.RELEASE.jar3、在MySql数据库中建立一个叫spring_data_jpa的数据库。create database spring_data_jpa default character set utf8;4、JPA配置文件persistence.xml1）在src目录下建立一个叫META-INF的文件夹2）在META-INF文件夹下建立persistence.xml文件persistence.xml内容如下： org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence 5、Spring配置文件applicationContext.xml在src目录下建立applicationContext.xmlapplicationContext.xml内容如下： 6、web.xmlweb.xml内容如下： webAppRootKey springdatajpa.root log4jConfigLocation classpath:perties org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener characterEncodingFilter org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter encoding UTF-8 characterEncodingFilter /* contextConfigLocation classpath:applicationContext.xml org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener index.jsp 7、日志配置在src目录下建立perties文件perties内容如下：log4j.rootLogger=INFO,CONSOLE,FILE.apache=true # 应用于控制台 log4j.appender.CONSOLE=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender log4j.appender.Threshold=INFO log4j.appender.CONSOLE.Target=System.out log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout.ConversionPattern=framework %d - %c -%-4r %t %-5p %c %x - %m%n #log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout.ConversionPattern=start%dDATEDATE%n%pPRIORITY%n%xNDC%n%tTHREAD n%cCATEGORY%n%mMESSAGE%n%n #应用于文件 log4j.appender.FILE=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppenderlog4j.appender.FILE.File=$springdatajpa.root/springdatajpa.log log4j.appender.FILE.Append=true log4j.appender.FILE.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.FILE.layout.ConversionPattern=framework %d - %c -%-4r %t %-5p %c %x - %m%n 8、所有环境配完毕，开始写一个Spring Data JPA 的增删改查1）建立相应的包2）领域模型实体类Userpackage cn.luxh.app.domain;import javax.persistence.Entity;import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;import javax.persistence.Id;import javax.persistence.Table;/* * 用户信息 * author Luxh * 2012-8-30 */EntityTable(name=t_user)public class User Id GeneratedValue private Integer id; /账号 private String account; /姓名 private String name; /密码 private String password; /省略 getter和setter方法3）声明持久层接口UserRepository让UserRepository接口继承CrudRepository，T是领域实体，ID是领域实体的主键类型。CrudRepository实现了相应的增删改查方法。package cn.luxh.app.repository;import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;import cn.luxh.app.domain.User;/* * 用户持久层接口 * author Luxh * 2012-8-31 */public interface UserRepository extends CrudRepository 不再需要持久层接口实现类。4）业务层一般多层架构是控制层调用业务层，业务层再调用持久层。所以这里写个业务层。a、业务层接口：package cn.luxh.app.service;import cn.luxh.app.domain.User;/* * 用户业务接口 * author Luxh * 2012-8-31 */public interface UserService /* * 保存用户 * param user */ void saveUser(User user); /* * 根据id查找用户 * param id * return */ User findUserById(Integer id); /* * 更新用户 * param user */ void updateUser(User user); /* * 根据ID删除用户 * param id */ void deleteUserById(Integer id); b、业务层接口实现类package cn.luxh.app.service;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;import cn.luxh.app.domain.User;import cn.luxh.app.repository.UserRepository;/* * 用户业务服务实现类 * author Luxh * 2012-8-31 */Service(userService)public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService Autowired private UserRepository userRepository;/注入UserRepository Override Transactional public void saveUser(User user) userRepository.save(user); Override Transactional(readOnly=true) public User findUserById(Integer id) return userRepository.findOne(id); Override Transactional public void updateUser(User user) userRepository.save(user); Override Transactional public void deleteUserById(Integer id) userRepository.delete(id); 9）编写测试用例在执行测试的时候，发现如下错误：Caused by: java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: javax.persistence.spi.PersistenceUnitInfo.getValidationMode()Ljavax/persistence/ValidationMode; at org.hibernate.ejb.Ejb3Configuration.configure(Ejb3Configuration.java:633) at org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence.createContainerEntityManagerFactory(HibernatePersistence.java:73) at org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.createNativeEntityManagerFactory(LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:268) at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:310) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1514) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1452) . 51 more网上说是新版本的Hibernate跟javaee.jar里面的JPA接口冲突了。 解决方法：移除MyEclipse自带的Java EE 5 Libraries，自己新建一个user libraries，加入Java EE中的jsf-api.jar、jsf-impl.jar和jstl-1.2.jar，再加入Tomcat中自带的servlet- api.jar用servlet-api.jar替换掉javaee.jar就没问题了。测试代码：package cn.luxh.app.test;import org.junit.Assert;import org.junit.Test;import org.junit.runner.RunWith;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;import cn.luxh.app.domain.User;import cn.luxh.app.service.UserService;RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)ContextConfiguration(/applicationContext.xml) public class UserTest Autowired private UserService userService; /保存用户 Test public void testSaveUser() User user = new User(); user.setAccount(LiHuai); user.setName(李坏); user.setPassword(123456); userService.saveUser(user); /根据id查找用户 Test public void testFindUs