diagnostics of TCM.docVIP

中西医结合 integration of traditional and western medicine中药学 Chinese materia medica方剂学prescriptions of Chinese materia medica 中医内科学internal medicine of traditional Chinese medicine 中医皮肤科学dermatology of traditional Chinese medicine 中医肛肠科学 proctology of traditional Chinese medicine中医妇科学gynecology of traditional Chinese medicine 中医儿科学 pediatrics of traditional Chinese medicine中医眼科学 ophthalmology of traditional Chinese medicine 中医耳鼻喉科学otorhinolaryngology of traditional Chinese medicine 中医骨伤科学osteology and traumatology of traditional Chinese medicine 中医急诊学 science of emergentology of traditional Chinese medicine 针灸学 science of acupuncture and moxibustion of traditional Chinese medicine 中医推拿学science of tuina of traditional Chinese medicine 中医养生学 science of preservation of traditional Chinese medicine 中医康复学science of rehabilitation of traditional Chinese medicine 中医护理学science of nursery of traditional Chinese medicine温病学 science of epidemic febrile disease of traditional Chinese medicine 药用植物学 pharmaceutical botany 中药化学 chemistry of Chinese materia medica中药药理学pharmacology of Chinese materia medica 中药鉴别学 identification of Chinese materia medica 中药炮制学 science of processing Chinese materia medica 中药药剂学pharmacy of Chinese materia medica 中药制剂分析 analysising drug form of Chinese materia medica 运用现代分析理论和方法研究中药制剂质量的中药学科。中医文献学Chinese medical literature中医各家学说theories of schools of traditional Chinese medicine医案medical record阴阳失调 imbalance/ incoordination of yin and yang正邪相争 conflict/ struggle/ combat between healthy/antipathogenic Qi and evil/pathogenic Qi ( factors)国家中医药管理局State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine 中国中医药行政主管部门。中华中医药学会 China Association of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy 中国中医药全国性学术团体。世界针灸学会联合会 The World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societies 中国针灸国际性学术团体。中国针灸学会China Association of Acupuncture and Moxibustion 中国针灸全国性学术团体。中国中西医结合学会Chinese Association of the Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine 中国中西医结合全国性学术团体。中国民族医药学会Chinese Association of Minority Medicine 中国少数民族医药全国性学术团体。Diagnostics of TCM The four diagnostic methodsInspection Ausculation and olfaction Inquiry Pulse-taking (pulse-feeling) and palpation Inspection The content of InspectionInspection of spirit (望神)、complexion (望面色 )、body and postures (望形态) head, cervical part and five sense organs (望头颈五官 )、skin (望皮肤)、two lower orifices(望二阴)、tongue (望舌)、excreta (望排出物 )、infantile index finger veins (望小儿食指络脉)Inspection of spirit The concept of spirit in TCM:a. broad definition（广义） : the all appearance of the lifeb. narrow狭义: the appearance of mind , consciousness and thinking human being Having the mind will prosper, the absence will perish.得神者昌失神者亡素问.移精变气论Keys of inspection of spirit ：sight(目光)、emotional expression(表情)、dynamic state(动态)The classification and judge of spirit (神的分类和判断)having spirit 得神(有神) spirit lessen 失神 spirit absence 少神 false spirit 假神mental disturbance 神乱 Inspection of complexion 望面色 Normal complexion: To be ruddy and lustrous, indicating exuberance of visceral essence and normal functions.红黄隐隐，明润含蓄 favorable and unfavorable complexion. 善色、恶色Diseases reflected by five colors 五色主病Blue corresponding to the liver 青-肝 Red corresponding to the heart 赤-心Yellow corresponding to the spleen 黄-脾 White corresponding to the lung 白-肺Black corresponding to the kidney 黑-肾 Inspection of tongue The inspection begins with the tongue body first and then moves to the tongue coating. 先察舌质，后察舌苔 注意事项：The light (the day , naturally.)、The diet (the milk, orange.) The drugs (antibiotic )、The oral cavity normal states of the tongues“light-reddish tongue with thin and whitish coating淡红舌,薄白苔 flourish（荣） withering（枯）inspection of the tongue shape 舌形a rough and tender tongue(老嫩舌） b corpulence tongue（胖大舌） c swollen tongue（肿胀舌） d thin and emaciated tongue（瘦薄舌） e fissured tongue（裂纹舌） f prickly tongue（芒刺舌） g tooth-marked tongue（齿痕舌） h hypoglossalvessels (vessels below tongue ) (舌下络脉) inspection of the tongue movement舌态a stiff tongue强硬舌 b shivering tongue 颤动舌 c deviated tongue 歪斜舌 d flaccid tongue 痿软舌 e shrunk tongue 短缩舌inspecting the tongue coatingthe proper 苔质 greasy and putrid of the tongue coating腐腻compact致密的exfoliate剥落 loose, sparse稀疏的color of the tongue coating苔色 light-reddish tongue（淡红舌） b light-whitish tongue（淡白舌） c red and deep-red tongue（红舌） d cyanotic and purplish tongue (青紫舌 ) white tongue coating 白苔yellow tongue coating 黄苔grayish black tongue coating 灰黑苔Ausculation and olfactionVomiting 呕吐Hiccup 呃逆 Belching嗳气Sigh 太息 Sneeeze喷嚏Bowl rumbling 肠鸣Sounding Hoarseness 声嘶: Aphonia 失音: a solid bell does not sound” 金实不鸣broken bell does not sound” 金破不鸣Speech 1.raving (狂言) -maniaphlegm fire disturbing heart(痰火扰心) 2.delirium (谵语) 3.repeated murmuring(郑声): 4.soliloquy(独语) 5. wrong speak( 错语)6.depuyleted speech(语言搴涩) Smelling 嗅气味-Odor of body 病体之气 sputum(痰) nasal discharge(鼻涕) menstrual blood （月经）vaginal discharge（阴道分泌物）stool and urine 二便Interrogation the onset 起病, development, treatment, present symptoms other information of disease by questioningContent of interrogation 1.General data（一般情况） 2.Life style and process (Diet, mental activity, regular daily life) 3. Family history and anamnesis 4.Chief complaint symptoms + period 5.History of present disease 6.Previous history; PXpulse-taking and palpation寸口诊法cunkou method 桡动脉 radial arteryThe characteristics of normal pulse:Being full of stomach (gastric) qi有胃 Being full of spirit有神 Being rooted有根Morbid pulse浮 脉 Floating pulse 沉 脉 Deep pulse 迟 脉 Slowing pulse 缓 脉 Moderate pulse 数 脉 Fast pulse 虚 脉Weak pulse 实 脉Powerful pulse 滑 脉 Slippery pulse 涩 脉 Astringent pulse 弦 脉Taut pulse 洪 脉 Full pulse 细 脉 Thin pulse 促 脉 Rapid and intermittent pulse 结 脉Slow and intermittent pulse 代 脉Regular and intermittent pulseThe eight principles of differentiating syndrome八纲辨证Exterior - Interior Cold - Heat “Xu”- “Shi” Yin - YangA process ： the location of a disease （病位） the nature of a disease （病性） the occurrence and development of a disease（病因） the condition of vital qi and pathogenic factors （邪正）Qi syndrome differentiationDeficiency of qi 气虚Qi sinking 气陷Stagnation of qi 气滞Rebellion of qi 气乱Blood syndrome differentiationDeficiency of blood 气虚Blood heat syndrome 血热证Blood stasis syndrome ？Qi deficiency and blood stasisQi stagnation and blood stasisDeficiency of both qi and bloodDifferentiation of body fluid syndromeDeficiency of body fluidPhlegm syndromeEdemaVisceral syndrome differentiation脏腑辨证Syndrome differentiation of heart Palpitation心悸 Vexation心烦 Cardiac pain胸痛 Insomnia and dreamy失眠多梦 Poor memory健忘 Delirium coma谵语 Intermittent pulse间歇脉 Red tongue tip Yellow urine with urodynia尿痛Heart qi deficiency Heart yang deficiency Heart blood deficiency Heart yin deficiency Blood stasis in heart Fire blazing in heart Phlegm covering heart orificesSyndrome differentiation on spleen Poor appetite食欲不振 Abdominal distention and pain Diarrhea or loose stool Constipation便秘 Edema Bleeding Belching hiccup嗳气 Nausea and vomiting indigestion, abdominal distention, bowl rumbling, diarrhea, emaciation消瘦, edema, 浮肿 pale tongue , weak pulse Prolapse of rectum or uterus器官下垂, Vertigo眩晕, shortness of breath, feeble voice,软弱 lassitude疲乏, indolence of speaking 懒Bleeding / nasal bleeding/鼻出血 hemoptysis(咳)/ hematochezia 便血(blood in stool粪便 )/ hematuria尿血/ heavy menstruation/ Subcutaneous 皮下hemorrhage出血/ vertigo晕眩.SQDSyndrome differentiation of liver diseasesPale complexion/ nail /lips/tongue, dizziness, numbness of limbs,肢体麻木 muscular twitching（颤搐）, thready pulse irregular menstruation（月经不调） Clinical manifestations: flushed red face, bitter taste in mouth（口苦）, tinnitus（耳鸣）, deafness , irritability, dizziness, headache, fever , dry stool and scanty urine. Distending pain in the head and eyes vertigo 眩晕 heaviness of head and lightness of foot insomnia and dreaminess Tinnitus 耳鸣 flushed face rush hot feeling on face面部烘热 dry throat irritability and fidget心烦易怒 red tongue with little coating taut pulseSyndrome differentiation of kidney disease Aching in the loins腰部and knees Infertility impotence sexual hypoesthesia Morning diarrhea Frequent micturition尿频Aching and cold sensation in the loins and knees Cold limbs and body Dispiritedness and lassitude(神疲乏力） Cold sperm, impotence, immature ejaculation Infertility due to cold in the uterus dizziness and tinnitus耳鸣 Insomnia and amnesia失眠健忘 Seminal emission（male) 遗精 Scanty menstruation or amenorrhea (female)经少闭经 Flushed cheeks in the afternoonInfantile retardation婴幼儿发育迟缓 of growth and closure of fontanel囟门 Flaccidity of skeleton骨软 Retardation of body growth, slowness in action Feeble虚弱 mindedness Senilism in adults 成人早衰 Aching and weakness of the loins and knees dizziness and tinnitus耳鸣 Loss of