状语从句的简化.doc

状语从句的简化在使用英语过程中，有这样一条规则：使用短语时不用句子，能用单个词时不用短语。因此，就状语从句而言，实际应用时，有些可简化成短语，现将简化的情况综述如下。1以after和before引导的状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时，可用af-ter和before与从句谓语动词的动名词（短语）形式构成介词短语作状语。例如：After she sang（After singing），she left the rich mans house唱完之后，她就走出了那位阔佬的家。Before we do the job（Before doing the job），wed better think it over做这项工作之前，我们最好先仔细考虑考虑。2以as soon as引出的状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时，可用onV-ing形式简化该状语从句，此时的动词为非延续性动词。例如：Dr Bethune began to operate on the wounded soldiers as soon as he arrived at the village（on arriving at the village）白求恩大夫一到那个村子，就开始给伤员动手术。3时间状语从句和条件状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，有时可简化为不定式作状语。例如：She stopped when she saw her husband（to see her husband）她见到她丈夫就停了下来。If you want to understand the farmers（to understand the farmers），you mustgo to the countryside你想了解农民，必须深入到农村去。4结果状语从句和目的状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时，可以简化为不定式作状语；若两者主语不一致时，则应简化为不定式的复合结构作状语。例如：He was so tired that he couldnt go any further=He was too tired to go any further他累得走不动了。I came here so that I could ask some questionsI came here（in order）to ask some questions我来这儿是为了问一些问题。The jeep is so heavy that he cant push itThey jeep is too heavy for him to push吉普车太重，他推不动。5以when，while引导的时间状语从句和以if引导的条件状语从句，如果从句主语和主句主语一致时，可简化为现在分词状语，表示谓语动作发生在该状语动作的进行过程之中。例如：When he turned on the radio（=When turning on the radio），he found it bro-ken他打开收音机时，发现收音机已坏了。While she was walking along the street，（=While walking along the street），she was hit by a car她在街上走时被一辆汽车撞了。If you dont feel well，you wont go to school=If not feeling well，you wontgo to school要是你感到不舒服，就不要去上学了。6原因状语从句的主语与主句一致时，可简化为分词短语作状语。例如：Since I didnt know Chinese（Not knowing Chinese），I tried to speak to herin English因为我不懂中文，就尽量用英语和她讲话。Because they are blind，they cant see it=Being blind，they cant see it因为他们是瞎子，所以看不见。要注意的是，形容词短语也可用作表示原因的状语，用以代替原因状语从句，放在句首、句末均可，但一般应加逗号。例如：As he was thirsty and eager to get a little rest，（Thirsty and eager to get alittle rest，）he went into the tea-house由于有些口渴，又想歇一会儿，他就走进茶馆。7在时间、原因、条件等状语从句中，若从句和主句主语不一致时，可简化为分词复合结构作状语。有时也可简化为“withwithout名词或代词+分词（短语）”形式作状语。例如：When the film star appeared（=The film star appearing），the children gotexcited那位电影明星露面时，孩子们兴奋起来。As the clerk had nothing to do，（=The clerk having nothing to do），the bosslet him go home由于那个职员无事可做，老板就让他回家了。If all the work is done（With all the work done），you can have a rest倘若一切活都干完了，你可以休息一下。Nothing can live if there is no air（without air）任何生物没有空气都不能生存。8让步状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可简化为分词短语作状语；不一致时，常可简化为with或in spite of介词短语作状语。例如：Although he faced his death（=Facing his death），he didnt say anything be-fore the enemy尽管面对死亡，他在敌人面前还是什么也没说。Although there was danger（With danger=In spite of danger），he rushedout to carry the boy to safety尽管危险，他还是冲过去把孩子救到了安全地带。1以after和before引导的状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时，可用after和before与从句谓语动词的动名词(短语)形式构成介词短语作状语。例如：After she sang，she left the rich mans house(简化前)After singing，she left the richmans house(简化后)2以as soon as引导的状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时，可用on十v-ing形式简化状语从句，此时的动词为非延续性动词。例如：DrBethune began to operate on the wounded soldiers as soon as he arived at the village(简化前)DrBethune began to operate on the wounded soldiers on arriving at the village(简化后)3时间状语从句和条件状语从句的主语和主句主语一致时，有时可简化为不定式作状语。例如：She stopped when she saw her husband(简化前)She stopped to see her husband(简化后)If you want to understand the farmers，you must go to the countryside(简化前)To understand the farmers，you must go to the country side(简化后)4结果状语从句和目的状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可以简化为不定式作状语；若两者主语不一致时，则应简化为不定式的复合结构作状语。例如：He was so tied that he couldnt go any further(简化前)He was too tied to go any further(简化后)I came here so that I could ask some questions(简化前)I came here(in order) to ask some questions(简化后)5以when，while引导的时间状语从句和以if引导的条件状语从句，如果从句主语和主句主语一致时，可简化为现在分词状语，表示谓语动作发生在该状语动作的进行过程之中。例如： When he turned on the radio，he found it broken(简化前)When turning on the radio，he found it broken(简化后)While she was walking along the street，she was hit by a car(简化前)While walking along the street，she was hit by acar(简化后)6原因状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可简化为分词短语作状语。例如：Since l didnt know Chinese，I tried to speak to her in English(简化前)Not knowing Chinese，I tried to speak to her in English(简化后)要注意的是，形容词短语也可用作表示原因的状语，用以代替原因状语从句，放在句首、句末均可，但一般应加逗号。例如：As he was thirsty and eager to get a little rest，he went into the tea-house(简化前)Thirsty and eager to get a little rest，he went into the tea-house(简化后)7在时间、原因、条件等状语从句中，若从句和主句主语不一致时，可简化为分词复合结构作状语。有时也可简化为“with/without名词或代词十分词(短语)”形式作状语。例如：When the film start appeared, the children got exited(简化前)The fiLm start appearing，the children got exited(简化后)If all the work is done, you can have a rest(简化前)With all the work done，you can have a rest(简化后)Nothing can live if there is no air(简化前)Nothing can live without air(简化后)8让步状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可简化为分词短语。作状语；不一致时，常简化为with或in spite of介词短语作状语。例如：Although he faced his death，he didnt say anything before the enemy(简化前)Facing the death，he didnt say anything before the enemy. (简化后)Although there was danger，he rushed out to carry the boy to safety(简化前)In spite of danger，he rushed out to carry the boy to safety(简化后)1以after和before引导的状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时，可用after和before与从句谓语动词的动名词(短语)形式构成介词短语作状语。例如： After she sang，she left the rich mans house(简化前) After singing，she left the richmans house(简化后) 2以as soon as引导的状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时，可用on十v-ing形式简化状语从句，此时的动词为非延续性动词。例如： DrBethune began to operateon the wounded soldiers as soon as he arived at the village(简化前) DrBethune began to operateon the wounded soldiers on arriving at the village(简化后) 3时间状语从句和条件状语从句的主语和主句主语一致时，有时可简化为不定式作状语。例如： She stopped when she saw her husband(简化前) She stopped to see her husband(简化后) If you want to understand the farmers，you must go to the countryside(简化前) To understand the farmers，you must go to the country side(简化后) 4结果状语从句和目的状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可以简化为不定式作状语；若两者主语不一致时，则应简化为不定式的复合结构作状语。例如： He was so tied that he couldnt go any further(简化前) He was too tied to go any further(简化后) I came here so that I could ask some questions(简化前) I came here(in order) to ask some questions(简化后) 5以when，while引导的时间状语从句和以if引导的条件状语从句，如果从句主语和主句主语一致时，可简化为现在分词状语，表示谓语动作发生在该状语动作的进行过程之中。例如： When he turned on the radio，he found it broken(简化前) When turning on the radio，he found it broken(简化后) While she was walking along the street，she was hit by a car(简化前) While walking along the street，she was hit by acar(简化后) 6原因状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可简化为分词短语作状语。例如： Since l didnt know Chinese，I tried to speak to her in English(简化前) Not knowing Chinese，I tried to speak to her in English(简化后) 要注意的是，形容词短语也可用作表示原因的状语，用以代替原因状语从句，放在句首、句末均可，但一般应加逗号。例如： As he was thirsty and eager to get a little rest，he went into the tea-house(简化前) Thirsty and eager to get a little rest，he went into the tea-h