高二下学期英语Unit 13 The water planet词汇扩展.doc

高二下学期英语Unit 13 The water planet词汇扩展 cube kju:b n块；立方形 n立方体；立方形；正六面体 cube the vegetables 把蔬菜切成小方块 cube the meat 把肉切成丁儿The cube of 5 is 125. 5的立方是125。 The cube root of 27 is 3 Cubic adj.立方体的, 立方的a cubic meter 立方米 Square n.正方形 平方sailor seil n海员，水手sailor n.海员, 水手, 不大会晕船的人, 船员 /sail v.航行(于) vi.启航, 开船n.帆, 篷, 航行 sailor suit 水手服sailor hat 水手帽bad sailor 容易晕船的人go sailing 坐船航行 mariner 5mArinE n水手benefit benifit vi使受益；得益 n. 利益动词过去式:benefited/benefitted 过去分词:benefited/benefitted 现在分词:benefiting/benefitting 第三人称单数:benefits/benefitsbenefit n.利益, 好处vt.有益于, 有助于vi.受益do good to be good for 有益于; 适于 beneficial to 有利于, 有益于 benefit from 从.中受益 do (sb.) good 对.有益 favorable to 有利于. for the good of 为了对.有好处; 为了.的利益 gain the upper hand 占上风, 处于有利地位 in favor of 赞成, 支持; 有利于This project is of great benefit to everyone. 这项工程对每个人都大有好处。benefit 作“对有利”解时，一般用作及物动词，后面可以接名词或代词；但不可以接反身代词。例如Exercise benefits our health.运动有益于我们的健康。Your advice benefited me a great deal.你的忠告对我很有好处。The fresh air will benefit you.新鲜空气对你有益。I dont think your uncle will benefit us with his money.我想你叔叔是不会给我们钱的。benefit 作“获益，得益于”解时为不及物动词，后面可以接介词from/ by。例如：We benefit by/ from daily exercises.每天做操对我们有益。The plants benefited from the rain.植物得益于这场雨。Benefit 作名词用时，表示“益处；好处” I told them all the benefits of fresh air and exercise.我对他们讲了呼吸新鲜空气及锻炼身体的所有好处。He got a lot of benefit from the holiday. 假期让他受益匪浅。Your advice was of great benefit to me.你的忠告对我很有好处。be of benefit to sb. 对有好处for the benefit of 为了的利益give sb. the benefit of ones experience/ knowledge用自己的经验/知识帮助某人benefit from 从中获益transport 5trAnspC:t n运输；运送 trAns5pC:t vt运输；运送The goods were transported by train. 货物是用火车来运输的。transportation交通业 property prpti n特性；性质；财产property n.财产, 所有物, 所有权, 性质, 特性 This car is my property. 这车是我的财产。 Many plants have medicinal properties. 许多植物具有药性。 belongings possession property wealth range reind vi(在一定范围内)变动；变化n.排，行；山脉；范围range from to从到不等 vary from to Tempertures here range from 10to 30 Prices ranged from 5 to 10 dollars. a range of mountains一列山脉 a range of adj.多种,一系列,一列,一排a range of buildings 一排楼房a range of gardening tools 一套园艺工具a range of pictures 一系列画片 the annual range of temperature每年的温度变化范围 a wide range of knowledge广博的知识 plankton 5plANkt(E)n n浮游生物all the way 一直；一路上all the way adv.从远道, 自始至终, 一路上 Jack climbed all the way to the top of the tree.他一直爬上了树顶。 All the way back, they talked about films. all the time adv.始终molecule 5mClikju:l, 5mEu- n分子unique ju:5ni:k adj唯一的；独特的unique adj.唯一的, 独特的 very unique或 more unique than不正确的 nearly unique和 almost unique是可接受的hydrogen 5haidrEudVEn n氢atom 5AtEm n原子oxygen 5CksidVEn n氧；氧气relative 5relEtiv adj相对的；比较而言的adj. (1) 相对的 to sth. Supply is relative to demand.(2) (用于名词之后) 与某事物有关的 the facts relative to the problem. n. 亲戚，亲属 a close/ near/ distant relative of hers她的近亲较近的亲戚/远亲 relatively 相对地 adv. relativity相对性 n.relative n.亲戚, 关系词 adj.有关系的, 相对的absolute After his troubles, hes now in relative comfort. 困境过后，他现在比较舒服了。 （与to连用）关于的；有关的 the facts that are relative to this question 与这个问题有关的事实 the facts relative to the problem与此问题有关的事实 live in relative comfort生活得较为舒适 be relative to和.成比例; 和.有关系; 随.为转移 relation n.关系, 联系, 叙述, 故事, 亲戚have relation to有关;和.有关系 relationship n.关系, 关联 The teacher has a very good relationship with her students. 这位老师和学生们关系很好。 What is your relationship to the victim? Relate vt.叙述, 讲, 使联系, 发生关系 relate to v.涉及 all the papers that relate to this subject有关这个问题的所有论文 theory of relativity相对论relativism solid n固体 adj固体的；密实的；坚固的solid n.固体, 立体adj.固体的 纯粹的 Hes still too ill to take solids. 他病得还很重，不能吃固体食物。 When water freezes , it becomes solid. Liquid n.液体,adj.液体的 Gas n.气体 freezing adj冰冻的；极冷的 n冰点 freezing 是 freeze 的现在进行式salinity sE5liniti n含盐量dissolve di5zClv vt使溶解；除去；消除pure adj纯净的；纯粹的adj.纯的,纯洁的,纯理论的,抽象的,完全的,纯粹的,不搀杂的,清一色的,单一的,无垢的,纯净的,无瑕的,无错的,完美的,(品德)清廉的,贞洁的,十足的 比较级:purer 最高级:purestPure Bright Festival n.清明节Pure Bright Festival;Tomb Sweeping Day 清明节Pure silk 真丝绸pure English 纯正英语a pure mind 心地纯洁 It was a pure accident.这全然是一次意外事故。 by pure chance 全凭运气 pure science 纯科学gramme n(=gram) (重量单位) 克density 5densiti n密度；浓度relationship n. 关系；联系；亲属关系“关系，关联；人际关系”解时，用作可数名词或不可数名词均可以，后面可接between/ to/ with 等介词。The children learned about the relationship between the moon and the tides.China has good relationships with most countries in the world.“亲属关系，姻亲关系”解时，常用作不可数名词，后面可接介词to；但如作“亲属”解时，则可以用作可数名词。What is your relationship to the victim?Do you know her relationship to that girl?同义词：relation n.关系 反义词：separation n. 分离辨析：relationship通常是指密切的关系，可能涉及强烈的感情，有时也可以仅仅表示一个事实。relations用于人、团体、国家等时，往往指共事或者交往的关系，该词较为正式。relation如同connection, 通常表示一个简单的事实。What relation has temperature to humidity?Relations between industrialists and environmentalists have improved recently.What kind of relationship does she have with her brothers?mass n质量；(聚成一体的)团；块；大量volume 5vRlju:m; (?) -jEm n体积；容量cubic 5kju:bik adj立方的；立方形的kilogramme n(=kilogram)千克；公斤float vivt(使)漂浮“漂浮”，强调的是“保持悬在流体的表层内或表面上的状态而不沉下去”，“漂移，游荡”尤指随意地从一处移动到另一处，多作不及物动词用，后面可以加介词on。 Wood floats on water. The empty boat was floating on the sea. A balloon is floating in the sky.作及物动词用时，意为“使悬浮或放入水中；使下水”。 The divers tried to float the sunken ship. There was enough water to float the ship.习语：on the float漂浮着float off（搁浅的船）浮起同义词：drift v.漂流反义词：sink v. 沉没take advantage of 对加以利用decrease vi变小；减少v.n.减少，减小increase是增加，decrease是减小 增加是嬴(音似in) 减小是低(音似de)capacity kE5pAsiti n容量；容纳；性能substance 5sQbstEns n物质；主旨centigrade adj摄氏温度计的absorb Eb5sC:b vt吸收作“吸收”解时，用作及物动词，既可以表示吸收（水、热、光等）具体物质，也可以表示汲取学问、知识或注意力等抽象概念。Cotton gloves absorb sweat.So many good ideas! Its too much for me to absorb all at once.The old man was utterly absorbed in the book.习语：be absorbed by 被吞并，为所吸收be absorbed in 全神贯注在，一心从事，热衷于be absorbed in全神贯注于He was absorbed in the book.他全神贯注于书本。She was absorbed in deep thought.她陷入深思。absorb sbs attention吸引某人注意同义词：suck v.吮吸give off 释放；放出give away 泄露(秘密等)；增送 give back 归还；恢复；后退 give birth 使诞生；生(孩子) give in 投降；交上去；听任 give off 发出或放出(蒸气等) give out 分发；发出(气味等) give rise to 产生；引起 give up 放弃；投降；抛弃 give way to 让位于；给让路 give notice 通知 give occasion to 引起 give rise to 引起；使发生；造成 give satisfaction 使满意，使满足 give way 让路，让步；撤退 give an opinion on 对发表意见 give oneself away 泄露，露马脚 give oneself up 自首，投降，投案 give out 发表；精疲力竭 give over (使)停止；放弃；交托 give away 泄露；赠送 give back 送还，恢复 give in 交上；投降，屈服 give off 放出，释放（光，热，声，味等） give oneself away 泄露，露马脚 give oneself up 自首，投降，投案 give out 分发，放出 give rise to 引起，使发生；造成 give up 停止，放弃 give way 让路，让步 Have you given him back the money yet?The enemy were at last forced to give in.He has given in to my views.He gave away all his pictures.He gave away the secret through carelessness.The gas gave off an unpleasant smell.The chemical change gives off heat and light.Our money soon gave out.The chair gave out under the fat woman.The doctor told me to give up smoking.Give up your arms and live.thus adv如此；这样stable 5steibl adj稳定的；稳固的n.厩，马厩，牛棚sensitive adj敏感的；灵敏的敏感的，（对外界状况或刺激）有反应的，后面可以加介词to 表示敏感的来源。Donna is sensitive to strong smells.He is sensitive about his failure.The child is sensitive to eggs.形近联想记忆法 sensitive：敏感的sense作为词根是：感觉形近联想记忆法sense(感觉)+itive(形容词后缀)敏感的同义词：reactive riktiv adj. 有反应的insensitive insensitiv adj.不敏感的steady 5stedi adj平稳的；牢固的副词:steadily 名词复数:steadies 名词:steadier（支架,支座,底座）形容词比较级:steadier 最高级:steadiest 动词过去式:steadied 过去分词:steadied 现在分词:steadying 第三人称单数:steadiesas steady as a rock稳如磐石 making steady progress取得稳定的进步 steady rain连绵的雨 a steady man踏实的人 steady in ones purpose意志坚定的motion 5mEuFEn n运动；移动同义词：movement gesture形近联想记忆法motion动作emotion情感dense adj浓度大的；稠的；密度大的trust vt信任；相信n.信赖,信任,被信赖的人物,坚定的信念,希望,责任,职责,义务,所委托的事物,委托,信托,商赊帐,赊卖,托拉斯,操纵某种行业的组合,企业联合,委托照顾,监管,律信托或经管财产,托管财产的所有权,信誉,业务信誉,vi.信任,相信(in),信赖(on),信赖而托付(to),期待(for),赊卖,vt.委托,相信,信任,信赖,委任,托付(to,with),说出(秘密)(with),赊卖(for),确信,希望,期待(that,to do), 过去式和过去分词:trusted现在分词:trusting复数形式:trustscall in 召集；打电话call after 追在的后面叫喊 call back 叫回来，收回(错话等) call for 要求，需要，提倡 call forth 唤起，引起 call in 收回(某物) call off 叫走，叫开；取消 call on 访问；号召；呼吁 call up 征召(服役)，动员 call in question 对表示怀疑 call the roll 点名 call at 作短暂访问；停(泊) call down 祈求到；招来 the roll call 点名 call.to account 责问，要求说明理由 call for 邀请；要求，需要 ca