月学位英语语法考点精讲.ppt

1 北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试 2 考试介绍 试卷包括五个部分 阅读理解 词语用法与语法结构 挑错 完形填空和英汉互译 共85题 第一部分 阅读理解 三篇短文 每篇900词 每篇文章后有五个问题 共15题 考试时间40分钟 30 第二部分 词语用法和语法结构 共30题 考试时间25分钟 30 第三部分 挑错 共10题 考试时间10分钟 10 第四部分 完形填空 一篇文章 约200词 共20题 考试时间15分钟 10 第五部分 翻译 共10题 考试时间30分钟 20 3 语法 时态语态 被动语态情态动词 完成时虚拟语气非谓语动词各种从句 主 宾 表 定 状 同位语从句 主谓一致倒装句强调句 4 动词的时态 语态及情态动词 5 时态一般现在式 表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态 常和always usually often sometimes everyday等时间状语连用 表示普遍的真理 由于是众所周知的客观事实 所以一般不用时间状语 有些表示心理状态或感情的动词往往用一般现在时 6 考试重点在时间 条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来的动作 常用的连词有assoonas when till if unless themoment等 Onceyou thetheory youwillhavenofurtherdifficulty A understandB willunderstandC understoodD haveunderstoodWhenthemixture itwillgiveoffapowerfulforce A willheatB willbeheatedC isheatedD hasheatedTheywillgohomeforwintervocationassoonasthey theirexams A havefinishedB finishC finishedD wasfinishing 7 一般过去时 表示过去的动作或状态 常和过去时间状语连用 justnow lastyear anhourago等 You vealreadymissedtoomanyclassesthisterm You twoclassesjustlastweek A missedB wouldmissC hadmissedD havemissed 8 usedtodosth 过去常常做 beusedtodoingsth 习惯于做某事I takeawalkinthemorning AusedtoBamusedtoCwasusedtoDuseto 9 Itishightime that 句型中 谓语动词用过去时Don tyouthinkitistimeyou smoking A giveupB gaveupC wouldgiveupD shouldgiveup 10 一般将来时will shall 原形动词 表示将来的动作或状态 begoingto 动词原形 表示马上就要发生的事情或打算好要做的事 beto 动词原形 表示安排或计划好了的动作 beaboutto 动词原形 表示即将发生的动作 11 某些表示开始 终结 往来行动的动词如 go come begin arrive leave等的现在进行时可表示将来 Isthepartyalmostover Ithinkso Alotofpeople toleave AisbeginningBbeginCarebeginningDhavebeginningIwon tbefreeFridaymorning I afriendoff AamseeingBshallbeseenChaveseenDshallhaveseen 12 动词进行时的形式 现在进行时 am is doing过去进行时 was were doing 13 有些瞬间动词或表示状态的动词不能用于进行时态 如appear believe declare hate have hear know like love need own seem see sound taste want wish等 14 when和while的用法 1 IfellandhurtmyselfwhileI tennis A wasplayingB amplayingC playD played2 Whenyou thisoverwithher youshouldnotseeheranymore A talkB talkedC willtalkD talkingOneoftheguards whenthegeneralcamein whichmadehimveryangry A hassleptB weresleepingC sleptD wassleepingwhen作并列连词 表示 这时 突然 之意时 表示时间上的点 引导的并列分句用一般过去时 另一个并列分句用过去进行时 while表示持续的一段时间 引导的句子用过去进行时 15 动词完成时的形式 现在完成时 has have done过去完成时 haddone将来完成时 shall willhavedone 16 现在完成时 表示过去某时开始的动作一直延续到现在 并且可能会继续延续下去常见时间词 just yet already lately recently thisyearsince 时间点 过去时for 时间段 17 hasMrWhitebeenamemberofGreenerChinasincehe toChina A Howsoon comesB Howoften gotC Howlong cameD Howfar arrived 18 英语中有些动词不能延续 因此不能和表示延续的时间状语连用 Hehas thearmyfortenyearsandisnowanofficer A goneintoB joinedinC beeninD comeintoHurryup Theplay fortenminutes hasbegun hadbegun hasbeenon began 19 have has beento和have has goneto的区别have has beento 去过某地 表示某人的一种经历 可以和once twice often never ever连用 have has goneto 去某地了 表示某人已经离开此地 在去某地的路途上或已在某地 所以一般来说此句型只用于第三人称 MissGreenisn tintheoffice she tothelibrary hasgone went willgo hasbeen 20 在 Thisisthefirsttime 结构中 后面的从句用现在完成时 也可以用it代替thisThisisthefirsttimethatI Jane AhavemetBmeetChadmetDmet 21 在 It Thisis 形容词最高级 名词后面的从句中 用现在完成时 Thisisoneofthebestbooksshehaseverread 22 在 Itis hasbeen 时间段 since 后边用过去时 IthasbeentwentyyearssinceI myhometown AhadleftBleftChaveleftDleave 23 过去完成时表示在过去的某一时间或动作之前已经完成了的动作 即过去的过去 这个过去的某一时间可用by before等介词或连词引导的短语或一个从句来表示 AnneaskedTom thekey A WhenheleftB wherehehadleftC HowheleftD whydidheleftAboutthesixthcenturyA D whenfewEuropeanscouldread theChinese paper A inventedB hadinventedC haveinventedD hadbeeninvented 24 表示从过去某一时间开始 一直持续到另一个过去的时间的动作 Thechemistryclass forfiveminuteswhenwehurriedthere A hadbeenonB wasonC hasbeenonD wouldbeon 25 过去完成时常用在nosooner than hardly scarcely barely when 一 就 句型之中 句子倒装 Scarcelyhadthebabycried thenurserushedtocarryhim A thanB whenC asD whileNosoonerhadtheygotthegoodscoveredup itstartedraininghard A whenB thanC thenD after 26 将来完成时表示在将来某一时间以前完成的动作 Bythetimenextyear Ishall will havelivedherefor20years 27 BythetimeJohngetshome hisaunt 1995年25题 A willhaveB leavesC willhaveleftD isleavingBynextyearhe inNewYorkforfiveyears AhasworkedBhasbeenworkingCworksDwillhaveworked 28 现在完成进行时表示从过去某时一直延续到现在的一个动作 这个动作一般会继续延续下去 或是到说话时结束 但是强调到说话时为止一直在做的动作 have has been doingI onthedoorfortenminutesnowwithoutananswer A wasknockingB amknockingC knockingD havebeenknocking 29 句子中大多数情况下时态要统一 但在特殊情况下存在时态的不一致 TheteachersaidthattheYellowRiver thesecondlargestriverinChina AwasBisCwouldbeDhadbeen 30 被动语态 31 被动语态的形式IampraisedIhavebeenpraisedIambeingpraisedShewaspraisedHehadbeenpraisedWewerebeingpraisedHewillbepraisedTheywillhavebeenpraisedIshouldbepraised 32 考试重点 l感官动词和使役动词的被动语态 l情态动词的被动语态 l用主动表示被动的含义 33 感官动词及使役动词 如 see feel hear watch make 在主动语态中用无to不定式做宾补 改为变动语态时要加to Themiddle agedmanwasseen outofthehouseontheafternoonofthemurder A cameB comeC tocomeD havecomeBecauseofmanymistakes shewasmade theselettersagain AtypeBtotypingCtypedDtotype 34 情态动词的被动语态 构成 情态动词 be 过去分词 Theworkmustbefinishedbeforelunch 35 用主动表示被动的含义 常用 need require doingsth tobedone 此句型主语大多为物 Myroomisamess Itneeds AtobetidyingupB tidyingupC totidyupD tidiedupItishotanddry theflowersneed AbeingwateredBbewateredCtowaterDtobewatered 36 少数几个不及物动词如clean read sell wash等以及表示状态或特征的系动词如appear prove seem sound等用主动语态表达被动意义 Thebook well AissoldBsellsChasbeensoldDsell 37 情态动词 38 考试重点 情态动词 完成时 39 must 现在完成时 表示对已发生的事情的一种肯定的猜测 Mr Green myletter otherwisehewouldhaverepliedbeforenow 1998年44题 A musthavereceivedB musthavefailedtoreceiveC mustreceiveD mustfailtoreceiveSincethisroadiswetandslipperythismorning it lastnight AmustrainBwasrainingCmusthaverainedDmayrain 40 may might havedone表示不太确定的推测 Ican tfindtherecorderintheroom It bysomebody AmusthavetakenBmayhavetakenCmayhavebeentakenDshouldhavebeentaken 41 should oughtto 完成时 表示应该做的事情而没有做 否定式表示不该做的事情却做了 含有对过去的动作的责备 批评 Youought themattertothemanagerthedaybeforeyesterday AtoreportBtohavereportedCtoreportingDhavereported 42 I msorryIcouldn tgetintouchwithhimbeforeheleft I himearlier AhadatelephoneBhavephonedCshouldhavephonedDshouldbephoned 43 Sorry officer I at80milesbutIdidn tseeanysignintheareatellingpeoplehowfasttheycandrive AshouldnotdriveBshouldn thavedrivenCmustn tdriveDcan tdrive 44 could 完成时 表示能做的事情而没有做 表示对过去能做而未做的事情感到惋惜 遗憾 Hegaveupacareerthat tohisfinalsuccess AcouldhaveledBwouldleadCshouldhaveledDmustlead 45 虚拟语气 46 虚拟语气的基本形式表示与现在情况相反的虚拟语气If 主语 were v ed 动词过去式 主句主语 would should could might 动词原形 47 IfIthemeaningoftheword Ihavetolookitup A know wouldn tB haveknown wouldn tC knew wouldn tD don tknow wouldDoyouthinktherewouldbelessconflictintheworldifallpeople thesamelanguage A spokeB speakC hadspokenD willspeak 48 表示与过去情况相反的虚拟语气If 主语 haddone 过去完成式 主句主语 would should could might havedone 49 IfBob withus hewouldhavehadagoodtime A wouldcomeB wouldhavecomeC hadcomeD cameIfyouwhathesaid youcouldhaveavoidedrepeatingsuchabadmistake A paidattentiontoB hadpaidattentiontoC noticedD hadnoticedto 50 表示与将来情况相反的虚拟语气If 主语 should weretodo主句主语 would should could might 动词原形 51 Ifthesun inthewest Iwouldfollowyou A weretoriseB wastoriseC hadrisenD wouldrise 52 错综时间句中 虚拟条件句和主句动作发生的时不一致 这时主句和从句的谓语动词应当根据各自所指的时间选用适当的形式 IfIhadn tstoodundertheladdertocatchyouwhenyoufell younow A wouldn tbesmilingB couldn thavesmiledC won tsmileD didn tsmileIfyou thatlatemovielastnight youwouldn tbesosleepy Ahadn twatchedBhaven twatchedCwouldn thavewatchedDdidn twatch 53 省略if而采用倒装语序的条件句在虚拟条件句中 如谓语包含were had should等词 则可以把这些词放到主语前面 省略if 54 beforewedepartthedayaftertomorrow weshouldhaveawonderfuldinerparty A HadtheyarrivedB WouldtheyarriveC WeretheyarrivingD Weretheytoarrive youwerebusy Iwouldn thavebotheredyouwithmyquestions A IfIrealizedB HadIrealizedC DidIhaverealizedthatD AsIrealized 55 Ishouldaskthemsomequestions A shouldtheycometousB IftheycometousC WeretheycometousD Hadtheycometous foryourhelp we dneverhavebeenabletogetoverthedifficulties A HaditnotB IfitwerenotC HaditnotbeenD Ifwehadnotbeen 56 含蓄条件句有的时间 假设情况并不是通过条件从句来表示 还可以用介词短语 上下文或其他方式来表示 其谓语动词也常常需要用虚拟语气 常用介词或介词短语有without butfor otherwise or 57 Withoutheatandsunlight plantsontheearth well A wouldnotgrowB willnotgrowC hadnotgrowD wouldnotbegrownButfortherain we aniceholiday A shouldhaveB wouldhavehadC wouldhaveD willhavehadHemusthavehadanaccident orhe then A wouldhavebeenhereB hadtohereC shouldbehereD wouldbehere 58 以wish that 引导的表示 愿望 的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气 表示现在或将来的愿望用 主语 wish 从句 主语 过去时 表示一个过去没有实现的愿望用 主语 wish 从句 主语 过去完成时 59 Iwishyou likethat A don ttalkB won ttalkC wouldn ttalkD nottotalkIwishyou withustomorrow A wouldgoB didgoC hadgoneD willgo 60 Peterwishesthathe lawinsteadofliteraturewhenhewasincollege A couldstudyB studiedC hadstudiedD wouldstudyIdidn tgototheparty butIdowishI there A wereB wouldbeC hadbeenD willbe 61 在asif asthough引导的从句中 如果谈论的是不可能或不真实的情况时 它们所引用的状语从句要用虚拟语气 动词形式和wish后面的从中动词形式变化相同 Hetalksasifhe everythingintheworld A knowsB knewC hadknownD wouldhaveknownHelookedasifhe forayear A hasn thadmealB didn thaveamealC hadn thadamealD doesn thaveameal 62 在具有愿望 请示 建议 命令等主观愿望的动词后的宾语从句中 需要用虚拟语气 形式为should 动词原形或直接用动词原形 常用的这类动词 insist 坚持 require 要求 request 要求 suggest 建议 propose 建议 recommend 建议 order 命令 command 命令 demand 要求 advise 忠告 63 Fatherinsistedthatthehomework beforetenintheevening A istobefinishedB oughttobefinishedC befinishedD hadtobefinished 64 在某些表示愿望 请求 建议 命令等形容词之后的主语从句 需要使用虚拟语气 其结构是should 动词原形或者只用动词原形 常见的这类形容词有 necessary 必要的 important 重要的 essential 紧要的 urgent 紧迫的 advisable 合理的 desirable 渴望的 65 Idon tthinkitadvisablethatTim tothejobsincehehasnoexperience A isassignedB willbeassignedC beassignedD hasbeenassigned 66 wouldrather 宁愿 用来表达主观意愿时 之后的宾语从句也需要用虚拟语气 wouldratherthat 过去式Iamtoobusythesedays Iwouldratherallofyou nextmonthforadinner A comeB hadcomeC cameD havecome 67 Itistime hightime that 该做某事了 谓语动词用过去时It shightimewe somethingtostoptrafficaccident AdoBwilldoCdidDmustdoCDon tyouthinkitistimeyou smocking AgiveupBgaveupCwouldgiveupDshouldgiveup 68 非谓语动词 69 不定式动名词分词 70 动词不定式考试重点 动词不定式的基本结构和用法 尤其是复合结构 否定式 被动式 完成式等 省略to的情况stop remember forget goon 接不定式和动名词的区别 havesthdone和havesbdosth 71 基本形式 一般式 tomake tobemade完成式 tohavemade tohavebeenmade 72 感官动词如hear watch listento notice observe see lookat等接不带to的不定式做宾语补足语 Theyknewherverywell Theyhadseenher upfromchildhood A growB grewC wasgrowingD togrow使役动词make have let后接不带to的不定式做宾语补足语 Iwouldhaveyou ifIgotthemessage AknowBtoknowC knewD known 73 有些固定的结构接不带to的不定式donothing anything everythingbut dosthcan thelpbut dosthhavenochoicebut dosthhadbetter dosthwouldrather dosth 74 接动名词和不定式意思不同 remembertodo doingforgettodo doingregrettodo doingstoptodo doinggoontodo doing 75 Theoldmanwalkedslowly stoppingfrequently A onrestB atrestC restingD torestMenwillneverstop fornewwaysofgettingnewenergy A searchB tosearchC searchingD searched Thelightintheofficeisstillon Oh Iforgot A turningitoffB turnitoffC toturnitoffD havingturneditoff 76 特殊不定式短语 不定式的复合结构 for of 名词 代词 不定式 短语 Itisnecessary thepapersimmediately A foryoutohandinB thatyouhandoutC yourhandinD foryourhandinItisbrave Englishattheageof60 AofhertolearnBforhertolearnCofherlearningDforherlearning 77 havesthdone和havesbdosth的用法 Wearegoingtohaveouroffice tomakeroomforanewengineer A torearrangeB rearrangeC rearrangedD rearrangingI ll thatI maqualifiedengineer A haveyouknowB haveknownyouC haveyouknowingD haveyouknown 78 need want require deserve demand bear等动词后 跟不定式时 用被动形式表示被动含义 跟动名词时 用主动形式表被动含义 此时主语多为物 Thisbookdeservesmentioning tobementioned Theroomneedscleaning tobecleaned 79 动名词考试重点 动名词的逻辑主语 完成式 被动式 否定式动名词做介词的宾语常跟动名词的结构 80 常跟动名词作宾语的动词 admit acknowledge avoid appreciate enjoy escape excuse fancyfinish imagine include involve miss mind suggest etc 81 Peopleappreciate withhimbecausehehasagoodsenseA toworkB tohaveworkedC workingD havingworkedThepoliceaccusedhimofsettingfirebuthedenied intheareaonthenightofthefire A tobeB tohavebeenC beD havingbeen 82 动名词用在介词后objectto lookforwardto dreamof putoff succeedin feellike thinkof stopfrom thankfor beusedto beaccustomedto等 83 Itisnouse Itisnogood Itisuseless 等句型跟动名词 Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk It snogoodtryingtopersuadehimnottodothat 84 Thereisno 结构中 Thereisnopoint in arguingwithhim Thereisnosensejokingaboutsuchmatters 85 一些其它的结构也常要求用V inghavetrouble difficulty problem ahardtime fun in doingsthItisawasteoftime moneydoingsthspendtimeindoingsthfeellikedoingsthcannothelpdoingsthbebusy worthdoingsth 86 动名词的被动式 Nooneavoid byadvertisements A influencedB influencingC toinfluenceD beinginfluenced动名词的逻辑主语 当动名词的逻辑主语是代词时可使用形容词性的物主代词或代词的宾格 Heforgotabout himtoattendmywife sbirthdayparty A IaskingB myaskingC metoaskD minetoask 87 分词考试重点 分词在句中的作用现在分词和过去分词的区别分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语是否一致分词的独立主格结构with without 引导的分词的独立结构 88 thedevelopingcountriesthedevelopedcountriestheoppressingclasstheoppressedclass 89 现在分词表示主动 且动作在进行 过去分词表示被动 或动作已完成 90 作定语 现在分词修饰的是发出该动作的名词 与名词有主谓关系 过去分词修饰承受该动作的名词 与名词是动宾关系 91 asleepingbaby ababywhoissleepingarunningdog adogwhichisrunningabrokenglass aglasswhichisbrokenabeatenteam ateamwhichisbeaten 92 作宾补 在see watch hear observe notice feel find glimpse glance等感官动词及have keep get catch leave set start send动词后面作宾语补语的成分 93 Icaughthimdoingsomethingelseinclass Wefoundthepathcoveredwhitesnow 94 Standingonthebank thechildrenwatchedtheship withallkindsofgoods A loadingB beingloadedC loadingD havingloadedThefarmercaughttheboys hisapples A stoleB stealingC tostealD wouldsteal 95 表语 分词作表语当主语是指人时 多用过去分词 译成 某人对某人 物感到 主语指物时用现在分词 译成 某物是 使人 令人 的 96 Shetoldmethatitwasthemost giftherdaughterhadreceived A delightingB delightedC delightsD delightMyparentsare withmyprogress A pleaseB pleasedC pleasingD beingpleased 97 作状语 分词作状语分词在句子中作状语 可以表示时间 条件 原因 结果 让步 伴随等 98 Hewassittingathisdesk lookingathiswatch Whenheated icewillbechangedintowater 99 分词做状语相当一个状语从句 现在分词与句子主语在逻辑上是主动关系 过去分词与句子主语在逻辑上是被动关系 fullpreparations theythoughtitbettertopostponethemeetingtillnextweek ANottohavemadeB MakingnotC NothavingmadeD Havingnotmade hefelttoonervoustospeak A HavingbeenwatchedbyacrowdofpeopleB WatchingbyacrowdofpeopleC HavingwatchedbyacrowdofpeopleD Beingwatchedbyacrowdofpeople 100 分词做状语时 逻辑主语与句子的主语一致 fromspace ourearth withwatercovering70 ofitssurface appearsasa blueplanet A SeenB SeeingC TobeseenDHavingseen 101 分词的复合结构 分词的独立主格 theywentswimming A BeingahotdayB ItwasahotdayC DuetoahotdayD Thedaybeinghot 102 Thewholegrouptookpartinthediscussion eachmember theresponsibilityofleadingonemeeting AhasBhavingChashadDhad nothingmoretodiscuss thesecretarygottohisfeet saidgoodbyeandlefttheroom A asbeingBtherewasC forbeingDtherebeing 103 with without 引导的分词的独立结构 1 Hewalkedacrossthemeetingroom everyonelookingather A withB asC whileD when2 Withtheoldman theway wehadnotroubleinfindingthatmysteriouscave A leadingB ledC leadD tobeled 104 各种从句 105 主语从句由连词that whether引导的主语从句中 that whether只起引导作用 不担任成分 不能省略 Thattheearthisroundistrue Itistruethattheearthisround wasunimportant A WhetherheenjoyedourdinnerornotB NomatterhowheenjoyedourdinnerC IfheenjoyedourdinnerD Whatheenjoyedourdinner 106 以关系代词what whatever whoever 引导的主语从句 What有时可以用来表示thethingwhich这种意思 表示一样东西或一件事情 在句子中担任成份 不能省略 语序为陈述句的语序 Isawwastwomencrossingthestreet A WhatB WhomC WhoD That wasnotthewaytheeventhappened A WhichthepressreportedB ThatthepressreportedC whatdidthepressreportD Whatthepressreported 107 句型Itisdesirable suggested necessary requested ordered proposed urgent that 主语 should 可省略 V 动词原形 It surgentthatameeting beforethefinaldecisionismade A willbearrangedB mustbearrangedC bearrangedD wouldbearrangedItishighlydesirablethatanewpresident forthisuniversity A isappointedB willbeappointedC beappointedD hasbeenappointed 108 表语从句用suggestion等词表示愿望 建议 命令等情绪时 用虚拟语气 从句中用should 可省略 动词原形 Thegeneral scommandwasthatthesoldiers theirfortandcarryoutmoreimportanttasks A wouldleaveB leaveC leftD haveleft 109 宾语从句宾语从句用陈述句的语序Canyoutellme aboutthecitythatmakespeopleloveitsomuch A itiswhatB whatitisC whatisitD isitwhat 110 介词后面的宾语从句ThepeopleatthepartywereworriedaboutJanetbecausenoonewasaware shehadgone A wherethatB ofwhereC oftheplaceD theplaceHewasamanoffinecharacterinallpoints hewasrathertimid A inthatB exceptthatC forthatD exceptfor 111 suggest insist order demand等动词后作宾语时 表示欲望 建议 命令等时 用虚拟语气 Hismotherinsistedthathe thecoatwhengoingout A putonB putsonC toputD puttingon 112 在下列情况下不能用if 而用whether 后跟不定式 Hedidn ttellmewhethertogoorstay 前面有介词 Heraisedthequestionofwhetherwecouldfindthenecessarymoney 引导主语从句 Whethertheywinorloseisallthesametome 后面直接跟ornot IwonderwhetherI llcatchthelastbusornot 113 定语从句Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools hehadevervisited AwhichB thatC whomD whoThecompanyofficial Ithoughtwouldbefiredreceivedaraise A whomB whoeverC whoD ofwhomTogetthejobstarted Ineedisyourpermission A onlywhatB allwhatC allthatD onlythatTheyhadameetingat headdressedthecurrentsituation A thatB whichC whomD where 114 介词 关系代词Theworldinwhich where weliveismadeofmatter Themantowhomyouaretalkingisthemanagerofourcompany 115 名词 代词 介词 关系代词Therearenineplanetsinthesolarsystem someofwhicharemuchlargerthanourearth Therearesomenewtermsinthearticle themeaningofwhichmaybedifficulttothestudents 116 Beforehermarriage shespentaconsiderabletimeinthatverypartofShanghai shebelonged A whichB towhereC towhichD atwhichTheUnitedStatesiscomposedoffiftystates twoof areseparatedfromtheothersbylandorwater A themB thatC whichD those 117 限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句的区别非限定定语从句与主句之间常用逗号分开 对被修饰的名词起附加说明 有一定的独立性 即使去掉 主句的意思仍然完整 只是内容不够具体 所用的关系代词与限定性定语从句基本相同 但不能用关系代词that引导 Anoldfriendfromabroad Iwasexpectingtostaywith telephonedmefromtheairport A thatB whomC whoD which 118 用that不用which的情况1 当先行词为all little much few everything none等不定代词时关系代词用that而不用which Iwilltellhimallthatyoutoldmeattheball 2 当先行词既有人又有物时 关系代词用that 不用which Heaskedaboutthefactoriesandworkersthathehadvisited 119 3 当先行词有形容词最高级修饰时 关系代词用that 而不用which ThisisthebestnovelthatIhaveeverread 4 当先行词有序数词修饰时 关系代词用that 不用which ThefirstsightthatwascaughtattheGreatWallhasmadealastingimpressiononhim 120 5 当先行词被theonly thevery theright等修饰时 关系代词用that 不用which Itistheonlybookthatheboughthimself 6 当先行词被all every any much little few no等修饰时 关系代词用that 不用which Youcantakeanyroomthatyoulike 121 7 当主句是以which who开头的特殊问句时 定语从句关系代词一般用that而不用which Whichofthebooksthathadpictureswasworthreading 8 在强调句型 Itis that 中 只用that 不用which Itisinthisroomthathewasborntwentyyearsago 122 用as不用which的情况在 such thesame as 句型中 关系代词要用as 而不用which Weneedsuchmaterialsas notwhich canbearhightemperature 表示 正如 那样 正象 之意时 用as 不用which Marywaslateaga