新世纪版八年级下学期U1L2八.doc

Lesson 2 An Interview with a Good Language Learner温故知新 1学习者n 16正确地ad. 2机会；机遇n 17训练；锻炼vt 3（专门的）技术；技能 18日常工作 4完美的；理想的a._ 19解释；说明vt& v/. 5改进；改善优&讲_ 20不是就是 6业余的；空闲的a._ 21抓住每一个机会 7供给；提供vt _ 22记日记 _ 8环境 n. _ 23更重要的是_ 9有乐趣的，令人愉快的 . 24为某人提供某物 10作者；作家 _ 25去做某事 11.有益的；有用的a._ 26养成的习惯 12方法；办法n _ 27渐渐习惯于 13抱怨；发牢骚vi.& vt 28从（语言）翻译成（语言） 14（与）联系vt.& vi. _ 15翻译vt. & vi. _ 主题链接 write an English diary写一篇英文日记 consult the dictionary查字典 buy an English newspaper improve our English study methods 买一份英语报纸 提高我佃的英语学习方法 F.nglish Corner 英语角 provide students with a good language English Evening 英语晚会 environment take every opportunity to practice English 为学生提供一个良好的语言环境 把握每个机会来练习英语 use English in conversation the Third English Speech Contest 用英语来对话 第三届英文演讲比赛 native English speakers improve her listening skills 以英语为母语的人 提高她的听力技巧 a very good language learner develop your English and reading skills 一个很棒的语言学习者 提高你的英语和阅读技巧 translate from English into Chinese listen to English broadcasts听英文广播 从英文翻译成中文 watch English TV programmes develop your grammar and vocabulary 观看英文电视节目 提高你的语法、增加词汇量 in my spare time在我的空余时间知识透析一、词汇精讲 1opportunity 扎机会；时机；机遇 课文：taking every opportunity to practise English.抓住每一个机会来练习英语拓展：opportunity的复数形式是opportunities后可接动词不定式，也可接of/for加动名词。take every opportunity to do sth 抓住每一个机会来做某事 have an opportunity to do sth. 有一个做某事的机会 offer an opportunity给予机会 a golden opportunity 一个绝好的机会 例句：I shall be glad to have an opportunity to see the city. =I shall be glad to have an opportunity of/for seeing the city. 我很高兴有机会参观这座城市。 This company offered a golden opportunity for that young man. 公司为那个年轻人提供了一个绝好的机会。 2Improve vt.& vi. (improving, improved; improved)改进；改善；增进 课文：How do you improve your listening and reading skills? (P13) 你怎么改进你的听力和阅读技巧？拓展：improve sth.提高、改善、改进：improve my French提高我的法语水平 improvement n. 改善；改进：further improvement 进一步的改善辨析：improve；developimprovevt. 改善；提高的价值。不仅是数量上的增加，更有程度上的提高，也可指自身能力的提高developVt. 发展；壮大；（使）成长。多指将事物的本质在一个时间段内向好的方向进步例句：His quality of life has been improved since the operation. 手术后他的生活质量有所提高。 The place has rapidly developed from a small fishing community into a tourist resort这地方由原来的小渔村迅速发展成一个旅游胜地。3.provide vt.(providing; provided; provided)供给提供；供应课文：It is important to provide students with a good language environment.(P14) 为学生提供一个良好的语言环境很重要。拓展：provide sb. with sth. =provide sth. for sb为某人提供某物 provide the market with fruits=provide fruits for the market 为超市提供水 provide for sth. 为做好准备：provide for this test为这次考试做好准备provide for sb提供生活所需offer sb. sth.= offer sth.(to sb.)(for .sth.)给予;提供；拿出例句：He provided for his family by selling newspapers.他靠卖报养活他的家人 He offered me a glass of wine 他端给我一杯酒。4. complain vt.& vi.(complaining; complained; complained)抱怨;发牢骚 课文：Lots of students complain they dont have any opportunity to contact native English speakers. 许多学生抱怨他们没有机会去与以英语为母语的人接触。 拓展：complain (that).抱怨 complain (to sb.) (about/of sth.) 向（某人）抱怨（某事） complaint抱怨；埋怨：make a complaint提出投诉 注意：complain about与complain of都含“抱怨”、“对不满”的意思，但是complain of还有“抗议”和“诉说病痛”的意思，两者后都可加sth或者动名词。 例句：He complained that he had been unfairly treated. 他抱怨说自己受到不公平的待遇。 She is always complaining about something. 她总是怨天尤人。 He left early, complaining of a headache.地说自己头疼，很早就离开了。5. contact vt.& vi .(contacting; contacted; contacted)（与）联糸；（与接触） n联系；接触语块学习：contact native English speakers和以英语为母语的人接触拓展：contact (with sb.) （与某人）联系；keep in contact with you与你保持联系lost contact with his brother与他的兄弟失去联系；make contact with取得联系 contact number 联系电话例句：Have you kept in contact with any of your friends from college? 你和你大学里的朋友还保持联系吗？ They are trying to make contact with the kidnappers. 他们正设法与绑匪取得联系。 6. explain vt.& vi. (explaining; explained; explained)解释；说明 课文：Try to explain these things in English to yourself. (P19) 试着用英语给自己解释这些事情。语块学习：explain these things解释这些事拓展：explain sth to sb向某人说明某事；explain yourself为自己的行为作说明或解释 explanation n. 解释；说明；阐述：offer/provide an explanation给予解释 without explanation 未作解释；give an explanation 给出解释例句：She explained to them what to do in an emergency. 她向他们说明紧急情况下应采取的行动。 l can -t think of any possible explanation for his absence. 我想不出他缺席的任何理由。二、语块深解 1either.or不是就是；或者或者 课文：You can get the 21st Century or the China StudentsPost before l go to h (P12)你不是买2l世纪报就是买中国学生邮报。 拓展：either用于否定句句末表示“也”，用于肯定句中意为“两者中的任何一个” 辨析：either.or; neither.nor; both.and 例句：If you dont, go there, I wont, either如果你不去那里，我也不去。 I neither knew nor cared what had happened to him. 我既不知道也不关心他出了什么事。 Both the answers are right这两个答案都对。2.get into the habit“养成的习惯课文：The goal of self-talk is to get you into the habit of thinking in English. 自言自语的目标是使你们养成用英语思考的习惯。拓展：get sb. into the habit of doing sth使某人养成做某事的习惯 get the children into the habit of sleeping early and get up early 使孩子们养成早睡早起的好习惯 develop a habit of doing sth. 使某人养成的习惯 get out of the bad habit摆脱坏习惯例句：Children should develop a habit of reading books孩子们应该养成读书的习惯。3get used to渐渐习惯于课文：If you get used to thinking in English, you dont have to translate from English into Chinese in your mind.如果你习惯了用英语思考，你就不必在脑海中 将英语翻译成汉语。拓展：getbe used to sthtdoing sth 渐渐习惯于（以前不习惯）； used to do sth过去常常（现在已不如此）be used to do sth被用来做某事例句：He gets used to jogging every morning. 他渐渐习惯每天早上慢跑。 We used to plant beautiful roses我们过去常常种玫瑰。 Where is English often used? 哪些地方经常使用英语？ 4.translate from. into.从（语言）翻译成（语言） 课文：, you dont have to translate from English into Chinese in your mind. ，你就不必在脑海中将英语翻译成汉语。 拓展：translate sth. (from sth.) into sth+ 翻译；转化 translate data from maps into images将地图中得到的数据转化为图片 translate. as将理解为（把）解释为 三、语段连接词 whats more而且；另外；此外 课文：Whats more, she likes to read English stories.此外，她喜欢读英文故事。 拓展：whats more -般用来表示递进关系，可以是对前文的一个深层次的补充说明，独立使用，位置灵活。类似的词还有moreover。 例句：You should remember it, and whats more, you should get it right. 你应该记住它，更重要的是，你应该正确理解它。 A talented artist, he was, moreover, a writer of some note. 他是一位有才华的艺术家，同时也是颇有名气的作家。四、重点句型 l.It is important to provide students with a good learning environment.(P14) 为学生提供良好的学习环境是很重要的。点津：“It+be+形容词+to do sth”结构，意为“做某事是的”。此句型中，It是形式主语，to do sth是真正的主语。此句型中的形容词，若是描述事物特征的词easy，difficult等时用Its+形容词+for sbto do sth；若此句型中的形容词，描述人物品格、品质的词，如kind，nice等时，介词用of，而不能用for。 例句：It is necessary for us to learn English well. 学好英语对我们来说是很有必要的。 Its very kind of you to tell me that你告诉我那件事，真是太好了。 2. Li Fang hopes to become a diplomat when she grows up.(P14) 李芳希望长大后成为外交官。 点津：hope to do sth意为“希望做某事”,hope用作动词时，后面可接不定式或that，表示“希望，但不能接“宾语十不定式”。 例句：She is hoping to win the gold medal她希望赢得金牌。 I hope that it won-t be rainy tomorrow 我希望明天不会下雨。 五、社交套话 1Congratulations on your successl (P13) 祝贺你成功！ 2Nice talking to you(P13) 和你谈话很愉快。 点津：这是谈话后告辞时的用语，应答时可以说： Nice talking to you, too或I enjoyed talking with you, too. 例句：-Nice talking to you, Lily 莉莉，很高兴和你谈话。 -Nice talking to you, too 和你谈话我也很高必。语法聚焦 动词不定式（一） 不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，其否定形式是在to前加not。在句子中，不定式一般担任六大成分主语、宾语，表语、定语、状语和补语。（本节课主要是对动词不定式作主语宾语、表语和状语进行讲解） 例句：I want to go to the movies我想去看电影。 I will tell him not to watch TV我会告诉他不要看电视。 1不定式作主语 不定式在句中作主语时，如果不定式短语较长，为了避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语 以it作形式主语的常见句型有以下几种： (l) it takes(took) sbsome time to do sth某人花费多长时间做某事 例句：It took us one hour to get there我们花了一个小时才到达那里。 (2)It is+adj+for sbto do sth做某事对某人来说是的 例句：It is necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it. 不用车的时候锁车是必要的。 (3)It is+adj+of sbto do sth某人做某事真是注意：该句型中的形容词常常是kindnice，good, honest，polite，rude，careful，careless, wise，foolish，stupid等，用来说明人的性质、特征.例句：It，s very foolish of me to trust him.我真傻啊，竟然相信他。 2不定式作宾语 能接不定式作宾语的动词很多。常见的有want，ask, hope，afford，tryagree，decide, expect，happen，manage等。当动词不定式作宾语，后面有宾语补足语时，常用it作形式宾语。 例句：He hopes to get a good job in the city他希望在城市里找到一份好的工作。 I find it interesting to play chess. 我发现下棋很有趣。 3不定式作表语 动词不定式作表语，放在连系动词之后，一般用于解释主语的内容。 例句：Her wish is to be a teacher她的愿望就是当一名教师。 She seems to be very happy today. 今天她好像很快乐。 注意：seem作联系动词，其后的to be不定式可以省略。如： He seems to be ill= He seems ill=It seems that he is ill.他似乎生病了。 4不定式作状语 动词不定式作状语，可表示动作的目的、结果、原因、条件和方式。 (1)表目的：表目的时，不定式可放在句子的前面也可放在句子的末尾。但在句子前面时，不定式常与句子用逗号隔开；而在句子末尾时一般不用逗号隔开。 例句：To get there on time, we set out at five in the morning. 为了按时到达那儿，我们早晨5点就出发了。 He goes there to enjoy the fresh air. 他去那儿享受新鲜空气。 (2)表结果：不定式作结果状语，表示事先没有预料到，位置一般在句子末尾。例句：I went to the classroom，to discover it empty.我走到教室，结果发现教室是空的。 He woke up to find everyone gone 他醒来后发现所有人都走了。 (3)表原因：不定式表示原因时，一般放在句子的末尾，说明主语的某种心情情感( glad，pleased，sad，worried，sorrow，excited)所产生的原因。 例句：Im very glad to hear that“Lei has been elected secretary of the Party. 听说李雷被选作党委书记，我很高兴。 (4)表条件：不定式表示条件时，一般放在句首。例句：To be heatedliquid will change into gas如果受热，液体就会变成气体。 (5)表方式：不定式可接在as if/as though之后表示方式。 例句：He moved his mouth as if to say something. 他的嘴唇动了动，好像要说什么事似的。Exercise 1I将左栏词汇与右栏的正确释义配对 ( ) l. respond A.change into another language ( ) 2.helpful B.teach ( ) 3.diary C.make sth.easy to understand ( ) 4.opportunity D.excellent ( ) 5.explain E.chance ( ) 6.train F.answer ( ) 7.translate G.daily record of events( )8.perfect H.usefulII. 在下列句子中填入适当的单词，首字母已给 1. P makes perfect. 2. C _on your success! 3. Youre a very good language l_ indeed. 4. Its very important to take every o_ to practice speaking English in and out of class. 5. I often listen to English b_ and watch English TV programmes. 6. He studied harder to i his French. 7. My father is studying English in his s time. 8. He t the book from Chinese into English last year. 9. In a , I often talk with native speakers of English last year. 10.I hope your dream will come t_ in the future.用括号内所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子, 每空格限填一词 l. The weather during our holiday was_.(perfection) 2. Youve been very _ to us. (help) 3. He_to my suggestion with a laugh. (response) 4. Shes a rather slow _. (learn) 5. He is a_ but he doesnt make enough money to live from his books. (write) 6. She _ that the room was too hot. (complaint) 7. It took them one year to_the book from French into Chinese. (translation) 8. She_as a singer under a famous professor of music three years. ( trainer) Exercise 2I.选择最恰当的答案 ( ) 1.I dont have much contact with my uncle. Which of the following is correct for the underlined word? A./keentekt/ B./ikantekt/ C./kontEekt/ D./ikantrekt/ ( ) 2.He has got into the habit of . teeth twice a day. A. brush B. brushes C .to brush D. brushing ( ) 3.The students must to the questions quickly in a ten-minute quiA. respond B. to respond C. response D. to response ( ) 4.Speak _ so that everyone can hear you.A. louder B. loudest C. loud D. the loudest ( ) 5.I plan to make a model plane _ fly with yours. A.to B./ C. in order not to D. with ( ) 6.Im afraid I don t know how to make the model plane _ fly faster higher.A. to B./ C. in order to D.in ( ) 7.Please dont read my again.A. diary B. dairy C. daily D. daisy ( ) 8.Neither of them in good health, but both very hard.A. are; work B.is; works C. are; works D. is; work( ) 9.I dont understand this, but Paul _.A. explain B. will explain C. explains D. explained ( ) l0.The baby was sleeping _ her mother was working.A. until B. after C. while D. before根据句意和汉语注释写出备单词的正确形式1.I often watch English TV_ (节目 ) at the weekends.2.1 want to be a (外交官 ) when I grow up.3.We (祝贺) him on his good exams results.4. When you come to a new word, you should _ (查阅) in a dictionary.5. The best way to learn English is to use it in _. (谈话)根据所给要求，改写下列句子, 每空格限填一词。1. It is necessary for you to study hard.(改为否定句) It is _ _ for you to study hard.2. I havent seen a big bear. Neither has he. (合并句子) he I have seen such a big bear.3.He gets up very early every day in order that he can reach school on time（保持句意）基本不变）He gets up very early every day in _ _ reach school on time.4.1 have got used to getting up early（保持句意基本不变） I have _ _ the habit of getting up early.5. asked, whether, he, me, could, I, from, the text, English, translate, French. into (连词成句 ) 将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次A. go back to B. pleased C. anywhere D. important E.something During the Second World War, Winston Churchill was the British Prime Minister(首相)，One day he had to go to the British Broadcasting Corporation(BBC)（英国广播公司）to make an l speech to the nation. An hour before the time of his speech, he stopped a taxi in the street and asked the driver to take him to the BBC, but the taxi-driver, who did not recognize（认出）him, said he could not take him 2 just then, because he wanted to 3 his home at the other end of London to hear Churchill make a speech on the radio. Churchill was so 4 when he heard this answer that he gave the man a pound, which was worth quite a lot in those days. “All right, get in, said the driver happily, opening the door of the taxi, III takeyou, and to hell(见鬼去吧）with Churchill and his speech!”1. _ 2. _ 3. _ 4. _ 5_Exercise 3I用括号内所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子。每空格限填一词1. I keep an English diary to develop my _ skills. ( writer)2. A journalist will Li Fang. (interviewer)3. The English Speech Contest for Junior High Students was held last Friday. (three)4. In order to our knowledge, it is very rewarding to take part in hobby group activities. (rich)5. It is important to improve our English study _. (method)改写句子，保持句意基本不变。每空格限填一词l. How can we make the computer think? Do you know _ _ make the computer think?2. I spent two hours writing the letter in English It me two hours to _ the letter in English.3. He asked me whom he should give the book. He asked me _ _ give the book.4. I havent got a computer at home. I havent got a television camera at home, either. I have got a computer a television camera at home.5. Mr. Marko can speak English. He can speak Chinese. Mr. Marko can speak not only English _ _ Chinese.6. You may take only one of these two apples. You may take this apple that one.7. My brother hasnt learned Russian, and I havent, either us has learned Russian. .8. John will come to the party. So will Mary. John Mary will come to the partyIII. 选择适当的词或词组完成下列句子 A. grows up B. came true C. In her spare time D. to become E. are interviewing F. correctly ( ) l. After four years hard work, his dream at last. ( ) 2.My little daughter wants to be a diplomat when she _. ( ) 3. , Linda often communicates with the net-pals in English. ( ) 4.You should express yourself_ so that everybody can under ( ) 5.His dream job is an IT engineer. ( ) 6.The journalists of the China Students Post the first prize winner of the English Speech Contest now. . Exercise 4 ( ) l. Please be quiet. We are not allowed much noise in the reading room.A. to make B. make C. making D. to making( ) 2.You are so busy. What do you want me _ for you?A. do B. done C. to do D. doing( ) 3. Lets stop _. I know a good restaurant near here.A. to have a meal B. to have a rest C. having a rest D. having a meal( ) 4.They are too tired, so they stop and have a restA. working B. to work C. work D. worked ( ) 5.