外研版七上M3方位知识点讲解及习题.doc

I.方位介词 at, in, on, under, in front of ，behind ,in/ at the front of , in/at the back of, in the middle of, between, next to, near , on the left （of）,on the right (of).1)“介词+ the +名词”构成介词短语表示“在某处”，the 可以被形容词性的词语代替，否则不可以被省略。 She is _ _ _ .(在左边) He is _ _ _(在我的左边)2) in front of 与behind (外部前后), in the front of 与in the back of (内部前后)互为反义词。3) between, 在两者之间，常与and连用；among表示在三个或三个以上的事物之间。4）in,在里面 ; on,在上面 ; under,在下面; near/ next to , 在 旁边；behind,在后面.There are many apples _the tree. (长在树上用 “ on”)There is a bird _ the tree. (停留在树上用“in”)II.冠词a，an, the的用法1 )不定冠词a/an表示泛指，定冠词the表示特指。2 )a /an与one同源，一个的意思。a用于辅音前 an用于元音(a, e, i, o, u)之前。 She is _English teacher . Her father is _ actor.There is _ library and _ office building in our school.3 ) the与指示代词this/these, that /those同源，“这/那”的意思。 指人或事物再次提到 指世上独一物二的事物。He bought a house . Ive been to _ house. _ earth turns around _ sun.4)学科名词，球类名词，三餐名词等前，无需使用冠词。 My brother likes playing _(a，an, the, / ) basketball . We have _(a, an, the,/ ) math and English today . I have _ (a, an, the, / ) breakfast at 7:30.III. 名词修饰名词1）名词修饰名词时，前面起修饰作用的名词通常用单数。 There are twenty _(farm ) workers in the farm . He is a _(bus) driver in the farm.2) man， woman作定语，其单复数以其后所修饰的名词的单复数而定。There is only a _(man) doctor in the hospital.There are many _(woman) teachers in our school.IV. and与 but的用法1）and和but都是连词，用来连接单词、短语或句子。2）and意为“和、与、及”，用来表示并列。John _Tom are our good friends. I like playing sports_ watching movies.3）but意为“但是、然而”，用来表示转折，使前后词，短语或句子有转折或对比关系。 She has two daughters _ no sons. Many people dont like the story, _Mary thinks its interesting.V名词单数与复数1) 名词分为可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词是指可以数出数量的词语；不可数名词是指不能数出数量的词语，谓语动词用单数。 There _ (be) a lot of furniture. There _ ( be not ) any water in the bottle.2）可数名词有单数和复数之分，单数名词指单个的人或事物, 谓语动词用单数；复数名词是指多个人或事物，谓语动词用复数。 There _ (be) an apple on the desk. There _ four _ ( season) in a year. There _(be) many _(book), _(map) and_ (computer) in it.3）名词变复数规则A. 在一般情况下，词尾加s.teacher - _ building - _B. 以s，x，ch，sh结尾的词，词尾加es.bus -_ dish - _watch _ box - _C. 以f 或fe 结尾的词，先将f 或fe 改成v，再加es.knife - _ wife -