液压支架论文.doc

随着采煤综合机械化程度的不断提高，液压支架的发展速度较快，研制工作就显得尤为重要。鉴于我国煤炭资源丰富，分布面广，且地质赋存条件复杂等因素，液压支架有以下几方面的发展趋势： (1)多样化 任何一种型式的液压支架都是在一定的条件下使用的，因此必须研制更多品种和不同性能的支架，尤其是多研制支撑掩护式和掩护式支架* (2)强力化 为了适应坚硬顶板的生产要求，已研制出工作阻力高达10删kN的支架，今后还要研制高初撑力和高工作阻力的强力支架。 (3)自动化 随着电牵引采煤机的问世和快速发展，要求配套的液压支架具有很快的动作速度和较大的移动步距。为了加快支架的动作速度必须增大供液系统流量和改善操作条件、控制方式，即高压力、大流量泵站(压力为45Wd，流量为300 Lmin)、配合微型计算机的电液先导控制等自动控制方向发展。 (4)标准化 目前，我国在大力发展支架品种的同时，要特别注意元件标准化，以提高产品质量和使用寿命，降低成本。 中国、俄罗斯等煤层赋存条件多样、复杂的国家，致力开发了适应各种煤层条件酌、多功能的系列液压支架。如适应于坚硬煤层顶板条件的商阻力强力支架，适应于厚煤层开采的大采高和放顶煤液压支架，适应于薄煤层开采和急倾斜煤层开采的特种支架等。尽管这些液压支架的自动化程度与国外先进国家相比还较低，但与原开采方法及所使用的设备相比较，仍然有了长足酌技术进步。我国目前也正在开发研制达到国际水平的亩产高效成套设备，并且取得了很大的成功。总之，随着综采技术的推广和生产经验的积累，工人技术素质的提高，新型支架的研制与创新，使液压支架的应用范围不断的扩大，已由单一煤层、分层开采，逐步应用于坚硬板煤层、 “三软”煤层、特厚煤层、薄煤层和急倾斜煤层酌综合机械化开采。由于液压支报应用条件酌复杂化，开采方法酌多样化和高产高效的要求，就普遍要求支架的结构强度大，支护阻力高。而妥满足支架结构强度大、工作阻力高的要求，一是采用目前国内不能满足9t进口优质高强度钢材，这样势必大幅度增加文架的创造成本；二是采用国产钢材，增大支架的结构，这样一来不仅增加了支架的制造成本，还大幅度地增加了支架的重量，给支架的运输、使用、搬迁和安拆维修都来了许多困难。因此，目前因液压支架结构强度加大、工作阻力提高而导致支架重量和制造成本的大幅度增加已成为摆在支架的制造企业和使用单位而前的一个十分尖锐的问题。As the coal mining mechanization General improvement of hydraulic support the development of faster development is particularly important. In view of our country rich in coal resources, the distribution of a wide range of conditions and the geological occurrence of complex factors such as hydraulic support has the following aspects of the development trends: (1) diversification of any one type of hydraulic support are used under certain conditions, and therefore must develop more varieties and different properties of stents, especially the development of many support the cover and the cover of stent * (2) strong and hard roof in order to adapt to the production requirements, has developed resistance to as high as 10 job kN delete the frame, the future would also like to support the development of high early strength and high resistance to strong job stent. (3) automated with the advent of electric traction shearer and rapid development, the requirements of the hydraulic support package with fast speed and larger mobile step. Stent in order to speed up the movement speed. For fluid systems must be increased to improve the flow and operating conditions, control methods, namely, high pressure, large flow pumping station (for the stress 45Wd, flow rate 300 L / min), with micro-computers, such as electro-hydraulic pilot control the direction of the development of automatic control. (4) standardization currently in the active development of our country stent species simultaneously, paying particular attention to the standardization of components to improve product quality and service life and reduce costs. China, Russia and other conditions of coal seam occurrence and diverse, complex country, is committed to the development of a discretion to adapt to a variety of seam conditions, multi-functional series of hydraulic support. Such as adaptation to the hard seam roof conditions resistance to a strong frame, adapted to the big mining thick coal seam mining height and caving hydraulic support, adapted to thin seam mining and steep seam mining and other special stent. Although these hydraulic support the degree of automation compared with foreign advanced countries is still relatively low, but with the original mining methods and equipment used in comparison, still have considerable discretion in technical progress. Our country is also being developed to meet international standards of per-mu yield efficient equipment, and achieved great success. In short, with the fully mechanized mining technologies and production experience, labor skills and enhance the quality, the new stent research and innovation, so that the scope of application of hydraulic supports continued expansion of coal seam from a single, hierarchical extraction, the gradual application in hard coal board, three soft coal seam, extra-thick coal seam, thin seam and steep seam mining mechanization General discretion. Reported because of the hydraulic support complex application conditions of discretion, the discretion of the diversification of mining methods and high production and high efficiency requirements, on the general requirements of structural strength stent, and high support resistance. And properly meet the stent structural strength, and resistance to high job demands, one should not meet current domestic 9t import high-quality high-strength steel, this is bound to a significant increase in the cost to create the text frame; two are using China-made steel, increasing the structure of stent , so that not only increased the stent manufacturing costs, but also significantly increased the weight of stent to stent transport, use, relocation and repair security have come down much difficult. Therefore, at present, due to the hydraulic sup