陕西省延长县中学高中英语 Module4 Carnival2导学案 外研版必修5.docVIP

陕西省延长县中学高二英语外研版必修五导学案：module4 carnival2学习目标复习被动语态的用法学习重点学习被动语态的具体用法学习难点被动语态的各种构成形式学法指导习题法学 习 过 程学习笔记（教学设计）【自主学习（预习案）】阅读教材 内容，完成下列问题 .go over the text again to make as many passive sentences as possible e.g.: 1. crowds，costumes，and confusion are thought of when carnival is thought of.2. the sounds and sights are changed, too.3. “carnival”, coming from two latin words，is meant to have the meaning of “no more meat”. 4. in europe，where it was first begun，carnival was followed by forty days without meat, as people were asked to prepare for the christian festival of easter.【助学案】（在教师的指导下学习以下内容）grammar-the passive voice被动语态表示一种主语和谓语之间的关系，当主语是动作的承受者时， 就需要用到被动语态，汉语中所说的，“汽车被撞坏了”“钢笔被修好了” 等句子就是一种被动语态的句子，在汉语中常用“被”“由”等词来表示这种被动语态。在英语中则用动词的被动语态形式来表示。l 常用的被动语态的时态变化如下，以 ask 为例：l 现在一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+过去分词 i am asked.现在进行时的被动语态：am/is/are+being+过去分词 i am being asked,现在完成的被动语态:have/has been+过去分词 i have been asked l 过去一般过去时的被动语态：was/were+过去分词 i was asked,过去进行时的被动语态：was/were+being+过去分词 i was being asked,过去完成的被动语态：had been+过去分词 i had been asked l 将来一般将来时的被动语态：will be+过去分词 i shall be asked,过去将来的被动语态:would/shoud be +过去分词 i should/would be asked, 将来完成的被动语态:will/shall have been+过去分词 i shall have been asked 有关被动语态的几个问题： l 1) “be + 过去分词” 并非都是被动语态，系动词 be, feel, seem,look,等词后面的过去分词已转化为形容词，作表语用，表示某种状态。im interested in mathematics.he seems unsatisfied with his work. 2）某些动词用主动语态来表示被动含义。it smells strange. the food tastes good. the stone feels very cold. the womans clothes sell welll 3)一般情况下，及物动词才能构成被动语态，但有些不及物动词组成短语后，也可构成被动语态。 he was looked down upon because of his egoism. the children were taken good care of in the the orphanage.例子：1. in some parts of the world, tea _ with milk and sugar. a. is serving b. is served c. serves d. served 解析 b 因为serve是及物动词，其动作承受者tea做主语，表示经常发生的情况，故用一般现在时的被动语态。 2. this is teds phone. we miss him a lot. he _ trying to save a child in the earthquake. a. killed b. is killed c. was killed d. was killing 解析 c ted是kill的承受者，用被动语态，且ted救人发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。 3. - have you moved into the new house? - not yet, the rooms _. a. are being painted b. are painting c. are painted d. are being painting 解析 a “house”和”paint”应该是被动的关系，排除b，d。后者未搬进新居的原因是房子正在油漆，所以要用现在进行时的被动语态。不能用一般现在时表示习惯性动作，排除c。 4. when and where to go for the on-salary holiday _ yet. a. are not decided b. have not been decided c. is not being decided d. has not been decided 解析 d decide是及物动词，动作的发出者通常是人，句中的主语是动作的承受者，所以decide要用被动语态。从题干的语境和关键词yet，可判断用现在完成时，不定式做主语用单数，故用现在完成时的被动语态。 5. the manager entered the office and was happy to learn that four-fifths of the tickets _. a. was booked b. had been booked c. were booked d. have been booked 解析 b 句中tickets是book(订票)的承受者，主谓为被动关系，又因票已被订出应发生在entered the office这个过去动作之前，所以要用过去完成时的被动语态。【合作学习（探究案）】小组合作完成下列问题1) jackson to work in a government office though he hated serving there. a.had wanted b.wanted c.was wanted d.was wanting2) -did you enjoy last nights concert? -yes, though the last piece rather poor. a.played b.was played d.was playing d.playing3) come and sit down by the fire. you hands . a.feel so cold b.is felt so cold c.fell so coldly d.felt so cold4) great changes in our city and some schools during the past 20 years. a. have taken place; have set up b. were take place; were set up c. have bee taken place; have been set up d. have taken place; have been 5) the thief while climbing the garden wall. a. has caught b. was caught c. had been caught d. has been caught6) in some parts of the world, tea with milk and sugar. a. is served b. is serving c. servers d. served高考链接1. -your job _ open for your return. (2006北京) -thanks. a. will be kept b. will keep c. had kept d. had been kept2. i have to go to work by taxi because my car _ at the garage. (2006重 a. will be repaired b. is repaired c. is being repaired d. has been repaired3. customers are asked to make sure that they _ the right change before leaving the shop. (2006重庆) a. will give b. have been given c. have given d. will be given4. when he turned professional at the age of 11, mike _ to become a world champion by his coach and parents. (2006上海) a. expected b. was expecting c. was expected d. would be expected5. -i dont suppose the police know who did it. (2006江苏) - well, surprisingly they do. a man has been arrested and _ now. a. has been questioned b. is being questioned c. is questioning d. has questioned6. the moment the 28th olympic games _ open, the whole world heered. (2006福建)a. declared b. have been declared c. have declared d. were declared7. in a room above the store, where a party_, some workers were busily setting the table. (2006湖南) a. was to be held b. has been held c. will be held d. is being held8. it is said that the early european playing-cards _ for entertainment and education. (2006辽宁) a. were being designed b. have designed c. have been designed d. were designed9. although the causes of cancer _, we do not yet have any practical way to prevent it. (2006山东) a. are being uncovered b. have been uncovering c. are