大工11春《大学英语1(远程英语1)》辅导资料四.doc

大连理工大学网络教育学院大学英语1（远程英语1）辅导资料四主 题：第三单元 分享心情学习时间：2011年5月2日5月8日内 容：本单元的主要学习表达自己的心情和对对方的关心，另外学习有关心情描述的词汇和常用的动词、介词搭配。一、学习要求1掌握描述情感的词汇；2掌握部分动词、介词搭配的使用方法。二、主要内容（一）情感词汇及扩展1amazed 和amazing 吃惊的，惊奇的adj.都有“吃惊的、惊异的”意思。amazing指的是某人、某物、某事“令人感到惊讶”；amazed表达的是主语对某人、某物或某事“感到惊讶”。She was amazed at how calm she felt after the accident.她对自己事后的镇定感到惊讶。（be amazed at对.感到惊异，amazed作表语）What an amazing coincidence. 多么惊人的巧合啊！Its amazing to think that the managing director is only 23. 总经理只有23岁，真让人惊奇。可以发现类似情况的还有interested（感到有趣的）和interesting（令人感兴趣的），annoyed（感到恼怒的）和annoying（令人恼怒的），bored（感到烦躁的）和boring（令人烦躁的），thrilled（感到振奋的）和thrilling（令人振奋的），exciting（令人激动的）和excited（感到激动的），delighting（令人高兴的）和delighted（感到高兴的），disappointing（令人失望的）和disappointed（感到失望的），encouraging（令人鼓舞的）和encouraged（感到鼓舞的），pleasing（令人愉快的）和pleased（感到愉快的），puzzling（令人费解的）和puzzled（感到费解的），satisfying（令人满意的）和satisfied（感到满意的）等等，这些词在用法上都是相似的。2priority 优先，优先权 n. 我们常说high priority 或top priority 表示至关重要或最优先考虑的事，low priority 表示不重要的事，in order of priority表示按照优先顺序。 The school will give priority to science and modern languages. 学校会优先考虑理科和现代语言。 Road building is a top priority. 筑路是最优先考虑的事。 形容词形式是prior，优先的，常用介词搭配是prior to表示在之前。 Prior to his Japan trip, he went to New York. 去日本之前，他去了纽约。3survive 幸存，幸免于，比.活得长 vt. vi. survive做及物动词时，后面可以加某种困境或事故，表示在困境或事故中幸存下来；survive后面还可以加人，表示活过某人，在寿命上比某人长。 The front passengers were lucky to survive the accident. 前排的乘客在这次事故中幸免于死。 Nobody can survive long without water. 没有水，谁也活不长。 Most women will survive their spouses. 多数女人都比她们的丈夫活的时间长。 survive的名词形式是survival（幸存，残存物），survivor（幸存者，比某人活的时间长的人）。 His main concern is to ensure his own political survival. 他最关心的是如何保住自己的政治生涯。 He was the sole (= only) survivor of the plane crash. 他是空难的唯一幸存者。4key to 的关键，这里是名词 key的本意是钥匙，如果说门钥匙，要说the key to the door。 引申意义是关键，例如the key to success，成功的关键。 key 还可以做形容词，表示关键的。 Infrastructure construction is a key project. 基础设施建设是一项关键工程。5commit to 致力于、献身于 commit本义是犯罪、做错事，还可以指自杀。 be committed to 将委托于 commit oneself to 专心致力于 commit a murder 犯谋杀罪 commit an offence 作案 He was sent to prison for a crime that he didnt commit. 他因一桩案子被冤枉进了监狱 He tried to commit suicide. 他曾经尝试自杀。 The government must commit itself to improving health care. 政府必须致力于改善医疗保健。6have control over或be in control of控制 能控制 表达相反的含义可以说be out of control (of). She has no control over that child. 她管不住那个孩子。 The government has strict controls over the import of luxury goods. 政府对奢侈品进口采取严格管制。 Nobody knows who is in control of the club. 没人知道谁负责这个俱乐部。7over and over again 一再地，反复不断地 等同于again and again，over and over，time and again, time after time. I read the article over and over till it made sense. 我反复读这篇文章直到读懂。 8have a hard time doing做某事很困难 等同于have difficulty in doing sth. She had difficulty in starting her car. 她的车很难启动。 I had no difficulty in getting in touch with him. 我和他取得联系没有什么困难。 9open up to. 向开放，敞开 reform and opening up改革开放 The Qing government refused to open up to the outside world. 清政府拒绝对外开放。10let go (of) 放开，放手 Hold on tight and dont let go! 抓紧了，不要放手。 She let go of Monas hand. 她放开了莫纳的手。 11stem from 起源于，源自于 表示问题的根源。 Much of the instability stems from the economic effects of the war. 动荡不安主要源于战争对经济的影响。 三、重要考点（一）选择题1. I am _ in Greek and Roman mythology. A. interest B. interesting C. interested D. interest 答案：C 2. _ my hand, youre hurting me! A. Letting go B. Letting of C. Letting go of D. Let go of 答案：D 3. These soldiers have a hard time _ new jobs after returning to their country. A. to find B. find C. to finding D. finding 答案：D 4. The neighbor keeps singing loudly after midnight. It is really _. A. annoyed B. annoy C. annoying D. annoyingly 答案：C 5. This man _ his wife and two sons.A. survive B. surviving C. survives D. survival 答案：C 6. The young people have no _ in opening up to new things. A. difficult B. the more difficult C. the most difficult D. difficulty 答案：D7. In some states, the governments have no control _ guns. A. to B. for C. at D. over答案：D8. The fire is burning _ control.A. in B. in the of C. out of D. out答案：C9.One cannot _ crimes with impunity (不受惩罚地). A. commit to B. commit C. committing D. committed 答案：B 10. My top _ is to find somewhere to live. A. thing B. think C. prior D. priority 答案：D （二）判断题 1.