江西师范大学2010年学位英语考试卷.doc

English Examination for Master Students（2010年6月26日 9：0011：00 AM）Part one：Listening comprehension（15%）Section A：Compound Dictation (10points)In this part, you will hear a passage three times. Listen carefully and fill in the missing words. For the first time, listen carefully and try your best to understand. For the second time, write down what you hear on the tape. For the third time, check your answer. (10 points)President Bush says this second trip to the continent is meant to demonstrate Americas commitment to improving the lives and (1) _ of Africans.I am here to really confirm to the people of Benin and the people on the continent of Africa that the United States (2) _ helping improve peoples lives, he said.The Bush administration is (3) _ primary education and family health projects in Benin including a program to provide anti-malarial bed nets to every family.President Yayi says his countrys cotton-based economy is also helped by lower (4) _ under the U.S. African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA). My country is also benefiting from the presidents Millennium Challenge Account initiative as well as the AGOA whose (5) _ is to create the conditions favorable to economic growth in a (6) _ manner in order to reduce poverty and build an emerging nation, he said.President Yayi, who is the former director of the West African Development Bank, says he and President Bush discussed diversifying Benins economy away from its dependence on cotton, which (7) _ 40 percent of Gross Domestic Product and roughly 80 percent of official exports.One-third of Benins nearly seven million people live in poverty. Building on reforms which began in the 1990s, Benin signed a $307-million (8) _ with the U.S. Millennium Challenge Account in 2006.Those funds are meant to improve property rights by reducing the time and cost of obtaining a land title. The program also intends to (9) _ access to financial services, train more members of the judicial system, and boost imports and exports through the port of Cotonou.U.S. officials say the compact is expected to (10) _ nearly a 250,000 Beninois out of poverty by 2015.After Benin, President Bush spends two days in Tanzania before visiting Rwanda, Ghana, and Liberia.Scott Stearns，VOA News, Dar es Salaam.Section B：Note taking (5 points)In this part, you will hear a passage twice. After the first time, there will be a pause of 30 seconds. Please try your best to write down the main idea and 4 details of the passage. Then listen again and check your answer._ Part Two：Reading comprehension（20%）In this part, you will read two passages. The first passage is followed by 5 questions. You are required to choose the best answer to each question according to the passage. For the second passage, you are required to answer each question with no more than 12 words.Passage oneIf we look at education in our own society， we see two sharply different factors. First of all， there is the overwhelming majority of teachers， principals， curriculum planners， school superintendents， who are devoted to passing on the knowledge that children need in order to live in our industrialized society. Their chief concern is with efficiency， that is， with implanting the greatest number of facts into the greatest possible number of children， with a minimum of time， expense， and effort. Classroom learning often has as its unspoken goal the reward of pleasing the teacher. Children in the usual classroom learn very quickly that creativity is punished， while repeating a memorized response is rewarded， and concentrate on what the teacher wants them to say， rather than understanding the problem. The difference between the intrinsic and the extrinsic aspects of a college education is illustrated by the following story about Upton Sinclair. When Sinclair was a young man， he found that he was unable to raise the tuition money needed to attend college. Upon careful reading of the college catalogue， however， he found that if a student failed a course， he received no credit for the course， but was obliged to take another course in its place. The college did not charge the student for the second course， reasoning that he had already paid once for his credit. Sinclair took advantage of this policy and not a free education by deliberately failing all his courses. In the ideal college， there would be no credits， no degrees， and no required courses. A person would learn what he wanted to learn. A friend and I attempted to put this ideal into action by starting a serials of seminars at Brandeis called “Freshman Seminars Introduction to the Intellectual Life.” In the ideal college， intrinsic education would be available to anyone who wanted itsince anyone can improve and learn. The student body might include creative， intelligent children as well as adults； morons as well as geniuses （for even morons can learn emotionally and spiritually）。 The college would be ubiquitousthat is， not restricted to particular buildings at particular times， and teachers would be any human beings who had something that they wanted to share with others. The college would be lifelong， for learning can take place all through life. Even dying can be a philosophically illuminating， highly educative experience. The ideal college would be a kind of education retreat in which you could try to find yourself； find out what you like and want； what you are and are not good at. The chief goals of the ideal college， in other words， would be the discovery of identity， and with it， the discovery of vocation.1.In the authors opinion， the majority of education workers _. A. emphasize independent thought rather than well-memorized responses B. tend to reward children with better understanding rather than with a goal for credits C. implant children with a lot of facts at the expense of understanding the problem D. are imaginative， creative and efficient in keeping up with our industrialized society2.Children in the usual classroom learn very quickly when _. A. they are required to repeat what teacher has said B. they read books that are not assigned by the teacher C. they know how to behave themselves in face of the teacher D. they can memorize the greatest number of facts in the shortest period of time3.An extrinsically oriented education is one that _. A. focuses on oriented education B. takes students need into account C. lays emphases on “earning a degree” D. emphasizes learning through discussion4.To enter the authors ideal college， a student _. A. has to pass an enrollment exam B. should be very intelligent C. neednt worry about homework D. can be best stimulated for creative work5.The authors purpose of writing the article is _. A. to advocate his views B. to criticize college students C. to stress self-teaching attitude D. to put technological education to a later stagePassage twoPersonality is to a large extent inherentA type parents usually bring about A type offspring. But the environment must also have a profound effect, since if competition is important to the parents, it is likely to become a major fact or in the lives of their children. One place where children soak up A characteristics is school, which is, by its very nature, a highly competitive institution. Too many schools adopt this in at all costs moral standard and measure their success by sporting achievements. The current passion for making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produces a two layer system, in which competitive A types seem in some way better than their B type fellows. Being too keen to win can have dangerous consequences: remember that Pheidippides, the first marathon runner, dropped dead seconds after saying: “Rejoice, we conquer!” By far the worst form of competition in schools is the disproportionate emphasis on examinations. It is a rare school that allows pupils to concentrate on those things they do well. The merits of competition by examination are somewhat questionable, but competition in the certain knowledge of failure is positively harmful. Obviously, it is neither practical nor desirable that all A youngsters change into Bs. The world needs types, and schools have an important duty to try to fit a childs personality to his possible future employment. It is top management. If the preoccupation of schools with academic work was lessened, more time might be spent teaching children surer values. Perhaps selection for the caring professions, especially medicine, could be made less by good grades in chemistry and more by such considerations as sensitivity and sympathy. It is surely a mistake to choose our doctors exclusively from A type stock. Bs are important and should be encouraged. Questions:1. Beside inherence, personality is also deeply effected by _2. Person who has A characteristics is _ 3. What was disagreed to in schools by the author?4. Why is top management of school to fit a childs personality?5. According to the 5th Para., Bs characteristic is suggested to be_Part Three：Translation（20%）In this part, you are required to translate 1 short passages from English into Chinese (10 points) and 1 passages from Chinese into English.(10points)1. Another Japanese advantage is that their taxes are the lowest of any industrial country in the world. And one reason they can afford such low taxes is that they dont spend very much on defense. Ever since the end of World War , we have taken care of that burden for them, “Listen, you guys, stop making arms. You can see where that got you. Dont worry, we will defend your country for you .We want you to start making some nice, peaceful things for a change like cars. Well even show you how .The people in Detroit wi