新目标-八年级上unit9知识点.docVIP

Unit 9知识点一.重要句型1. When was he born? He was born in 1895. be born 出生于（be用过去时态形式 was 或 were，因为人的出生多为发生在过去的事，所以用一般过去时） The great pianist was born on October 10th, 1890 那位伟大的钢琴家出生在1890年十月十日。Where were you born?你在哪儿出生的？I was born in Beijing. 我出生在北京。 be born 后可接时间也可接地点，但接时间时，要根据具体时间而选定不同的介词。 I was born in 1991. I was born in March. I was born in March, 1991. I was born on March, 5th. I was born on March. 5th, 1991.2. Whos that? Thats Deng Yaping. She is a great Chinese ping-pong player.3. How long did Charles Osborne hiccup? He hiccupped for 69 years and5 months. “How long”是就一段时间进行提问，因此回答时用for后面加一段持续的时间。How long did he learn English? 他学英语多久了？He learned English for ten years. 他学英语十年了。4. You are never too young to start doing things. 你永远不会小到不能做事情的地步。 too to 太而不能 是英语中常用的一种结构，其句型为“too + 形容词或副词原级 + to do ”，译为“太而（以致）不能”。它在形式上是肯定的，但在意义上是否定的。 “too to ”本身已含有否定的意思，因此，不定式前一般不加 not She is too young not to go to school （） She is too young to go to school （） The water is too hot to drink水太烫不能喝。 The boy is too young to look after himself. 这个男孩太小了，还不能自己照顾自己。 This house is too big to clean in one day. 这幢房子太大了，一天内打扫不完。 She is too young to go to school. 她太小不能去上学。 The old men started singing / to sing. 老人们开始唱歌。 We started doing our homework at 7 oclock last night. 我们昨晚7点开始写作业。5. Tiger Woods started golfing when he was only ten months old. 泰戈伍德在只有10个月大的时候开始玩高尔夫球。 When he was a small boy, he could hum songs and difficult pieces of music. 在他还是一个小孩子的时候，他就能哼唱歌曲和难的乐曲。 when 是从句的引导词，意为“的时候”。 Mozart started writing music when he was four years old. 莫扎特在四岁的时候，开始写音乐。 It rained when I got home. 当我到家的时候，天下雨了。when 的用法：（1）作疑问副词，意为“什么时候” When are you leaving? 你什么时候离开？ When did Tony go to the library? 托尼什么时候去的图书馆。（2）作从属连词，引导一个时间状语从句，意为“当的时候” When he was a small boy, he began to perform Beijing Opera 当他是个小男孩时，他就开始表演京剧。 She toured the U.S. when she was fourteen 她十四岁时就周游了美国。6. Arthur is a loving grandfather. He spends all his free time with his grandchildren. 阿瑟是一位慈爱的祖父。他与他的孙子、孙女一起度过了他所有的业余时间。 spend 意为“花费时间/金钱” Im planning to spend time in the beautiful countryside 我打算在美丽的乡村度过时光。 She spent $ 500 last year. 她去年花了五百美元。（A）spend on sth.在某物（事）上花费（时间，金钱） Maria spent five yuan on the book 玛丽亚花了五元钱在这本书上。/ 玛丽亚买这本书花了五元。 I often spend a lot of time on my homework every night 我经常每天晚上花两个小时做家庭作业。（B）spend （in）doing sth. 花(时间或金钱)干某事 I often spend a lot of time （in）doing my homework Maria spent five yuan（in）buying the book 注意，spend 的主语必须是人，在第四单元中学过“It takes sb. some time / money to do sth.”也可表示“做某事花某人多少时间/金钱”，但 take 的主语应是物，而不能是人。 It takes me a lot of time to do my homework It took Maria five yuan to buy the book 用于描述人物的形容词 talented（天才的），loving（慈爱的），outstanding（杰出的）， unusual（罕有的），creative（有创造力的），famous（著名的）， great（伟大的，很棒的），beautiful（美丽的）7. Li Yundi, the well-known Chinese pianist, always loved music. 中国著名钢琴家李云迪总是喜爱音乐。 划线部分是“Li Yundi”的同位语，作进一步解释说明。8. When he was a small boy, he could hum songs and difficult pieces of music 当他是个小男孩时，他就能够哼唱歌曲和一些较难的音乐篇章。9. He began to learn the accordion at the age of four. 他四岁十就开始学习手风琴。 at the age of 在岁时 At the age of 4 Mike began to write story books. 迈克四岁时就开始写故事书。年龄表达方法（1）用基数词表达年龄，可以加上“ years old”three years old.（2）用 when 引导的从句 when I was three（years old）（3）at the age of + 基数词 at the age of three（4）基数词 + -year-old 例:three-year-old，注意这种表达常作定语如 a three-year-old boy.10Li Yundi took part in the 14th Chopin International Piano Competition in Polan. 李云迪在波兰参加了第14届肖邦国际钢琴比赛。 join 和 take part in 两者都表示“参加” join 指“参加”某种组织 take part in 表示参加某项活动 He joined the Party at the age of 40. 他40岁时入了党。 When did your brother join the Army? 你哥哥什么时候参的军？ Do you want to take part in the sports meeting? 你想参加运动会吗？11. He was also the first Chinese Pianist in the 70-year history of the Chopin International Piano Competition to receive such an honor. 在肖邦国际钢琴大赛70年的历史中，他也是第一个获得这样荣誉的中国钢琴家。 the 70-year history 70年的历史 其中 70-year 做 history 的定语，所以 year 不能用复数。如：a four-year old girl 一个四岁女孩。 the 70-year history 70年的历史12He stopped playing football because of his sore back. 他因为喉咙痛而停止了踢足球。 = He stopped playing football because he had a sore back. because of + n. because + 句子 两个都表原因 He didnt go to school yesterday because he was ill. = He didnt go to school yesterday because of his illness. We didnt go out because the weather was bad. = We didnt go out because of the bad weather.附：职业名词A第一方队：a动词+ er，构成的职业名称最多，意为“家人”等。如： teach（教）teacher（老师） work（工作）worker（工人） farm（耕种）farmer（农民） clean（打扫）cleaner（清洁工） write（写）writer（作家） sing（唱；唱歌）singer（歌唱家；歌手） drive（开车等）driver（司机） dance（跳舞；舞蹈）dancer（舞蹈家） play（打球等）player（队员），etcb名词（多为自然学科）+ ist，可构成“家”等。如： art（艺术；美术）artist（艺术家；画家） chemistry（化学）chemist（化学家） physics（物理）physicist（物理学家） science（科学）scientist（科学家），etcc名词 + ian，构成“家员”等。如： music（音乐；乐曲）musician（音乐家） library（图书馆）librarian（图书管理员），etc.B第二方队：名词 + man 或 woman，构成“人员”等。如： police（警务）policemanpolicewoman（警察） business（生意）businessman（商人） sports（运动）sportsman（运动员） post（邮递；寄送）postman（邮递员），etc.C第三方队：其它“纯天然”式职业名称。如： 学生 student 售票员；列车员 conductor 战士；士兵 soldier 护士 nurse 医生 doctor 厨师 cook 售货员、店员 shop assistant二精讲.语法1.表示邀请：Canyoucometo?Wouldyouliketo?Will/would/Couldyoupleasedo.?Shallwedo?Letsdo?Whynotdo？Whydontyoudo?How/Whataboutdoing?Yes,Idlove/liketo./Yes,Iwill./okIdlove/liketo,but/Imafraid/ImsorryIcant./Imnotfree/available.Imsorry,Ihaveto2.haveto客观上需要做的，外界条件的需要不得不做“形势逼迫”有人称时态的变化must说话者主观上认为必须做“主观判断”Must?Yes,must./No,donthaveto/neednt3.onSaturdayafternoon/onacoldmorning/onaeveningofDec12当时间具体到某一天或某一天的上午,下午或晚上,用etotheparty来聚会gotothedoctor去看医生meetmyfriend见我的朋友preparefortheexam为考试做准备havetheflu/haveacold感冒 haveacough咳嗽haveafever发烧 haveasorethroat喉咙疼haveaheadache头痛 haveatoothache牙疼gototheparty参加聚会 toomuchhomework太多作业cometomyhouse来我家 gobikeriding骑车兜风lastfall去年秋季 have/takeanexam参加考试studyforamathtest为数学考试而学习plantodo计划做某事finishthesciencehomework完成科学作业thedaybeforeyesterday前天thedayaftertomorrow后天 haveapianolesson上钢琴课improvemyEnglish提高我的英语thebestwaytodo做某事的最好方法foodanddrinks食物和饮料 takeatrip去旅行gobackhome返回家 goback/returntosp返回某地writetosb.写信给某人 ahousewarmingparty乔迁聚会 theopeningof的开张intheschoolhall在学校大厅4.prepare(v.)preparation(n.)preparesth.准备某物/事preparetodo准备做某事prepareforsth./doing为(做)某事做准备prepareAforB用A为B做准备preparesb.sth./sth.forsb.给某人准备某物5.Imnotavailable/free.我没有空.Maybeanothertime.可能另找时间.Catch/SeeyouonMonday!周一见！Whoareyougoingtothemovieswith?Whatagreatidea!多么棒的主意！Ilookforwardtohearingfromyouall.我期盼你们的答复.Writemesoon.尽快回信.Apartyismoregladwithmorepeople.聚会人越多越开心.6.Thanksforsth./doing为而感谢notuntil知道才7.hang-hung-hung悬挂,闲逛hangout(withsb.)与某人闲逛hang-hanged-hanged绞死8.invite(v.)invitation(n.)invitesb.tosp.邀请某人去某地invitesb.todo邀请某人做某事Thanksforyourinvitation./Thanksforinviting.谢谢你的邀请.9.accept接受,主观意愿,可以refuserefusetodo拒绝做某事receive收到,客观上收到或拿到,主观上不一定接受receive/getaletterfromsb.收到某人的来信=hearfromsb.hearof/about听说10.Whatstheday?今天是什么日子？回答1.星期几+几号2.节日(ItsMonday,the14th./ItsTeachersDay)Whatsthedatetoday?今天是几月几号？ItsSep10th.(回答是日期)Whatdayisittoday?今天星期几？ItsMonday.(回答为星期几)11.lookaftersb.(well)/take(good)careof照顾得好lookover检查(身体)lookat看一看lookaround环顾四周lookfor寻找lookout当心,小心lookforwardtodoing期盼,盼望做某事lookup查找lookthrough浏览12.turndown拒绝,调低(音量)turnon/off打开/关闭tur