2015届高考英语一轮复习义：Unit 5 The power of nature(人教版选修6).doc

选修五Unit 5The power of nature晨背三部曲（话题：天气）满分佳作近期，雾霾天气频频发生，PM2.5(可入肺颗粒物)与PM10(可吸入颗粒物)这两个此前不被人熟知的词最近一直被许多人提及，环境保护越来越受到人们的关注。请以学生会的名义就青少年如何尽可能地发挥自己的微薄之力来保护环境发出一个倡议。要点包括以下内容：1环保受到人们更多的关注；2环境的现状；3应采取的措施。参考词汇：雾霾天气dusthaze weatherMy fellow students, Recently, the dusthaze weather hit the north of China over and over again, which had a great effect on peoples life and health. As a result, people are becoming more and more concerned about our environment. As we all know, its the development of industry and heavy traffic jams that have caused air pollution. So as a teenager, I think we should take some measures to protect our environment.On one hand, wed better launch a campaign to raise peoples awareness of environmental protection. Also we can hold a speech contest about protecting environment to stress the importance of living a lowcarbon life. On the other hand, do what we can to influence people around us to go to work or school on foot or by bike. As far as Im concerned, every small step we take really counts. So please remember: together, individuals can make a difference.The Students Union热身体验句式仿写1As we all know, its the development of industry and heavy traffic jams that have caused air pollution.As_we_all_know/As_is_known_to_us (众所周知), smoking is harmful to ones health.2On the other hand, do what we can to influence people around us to go to work or school on foot or by bike.It all depends on whether_they_will_support_us (他们是否会支持我们).词海拾贝 基础记忆1volcano n火山2alongside adv. 在旁边；沿着边prep. 在旁边；沿着的边3wave n. 波浪；波涛vi. 波动；起伏；挥手4potential n. 潜在性；可能性；潜能adj. 可能的；潜在的5shoot vt. 射中；射伤6diverse adj. 多种多样的；不同的7guarantee vt. 保证；担保8erupt vi.(指火山)爆发；突然发生eruption n火山爆发；(战争等)爆发9appoint vt.任命；委派appointment n约定；任命10evaluate vt.评估；评价；估计evaluation n评估11absolute adj.绝对的；完全的absolutely adv.绝对地；完全地12suit n一套外衣；套装 vt.适合；使适宜suitable adj.合适的13actual adj.实在的；实际的actually adv.实际地14anxious adj.忧虑的；不安的anxiously adv.不安地anxiety n担心；焦虑；渴望15panic vi.& vt.惊慌 n惊慌；恐慌panicked (过去式/过去分词)16appreciation n欣赏；感激；感谢appreciate vt.欣赏；感激语境记忆17He was appointed as manager of the company. But to everyones surprise, he didnt accept the appointment.(appoint)18He was anxious to leave and he could not hide his anxiety.(anxious)篇章记忆I absolutely appreciate his potential ability.Actually he has been appointed to be a candidate of volcanology committee due to his unique height in this field.短语互译 1.有天赋have_a_gift_for2被委派为 be_appointed_as3全部焚毁 burn_to_the_ground4前往 make_ones_way5对忧虑/不安 be_anxious_about6glance through 匆匆看一遍7vary from . to . 由到不等8give birth to 生孩子；产仔9be buried under the ruins 被埋在废墟下10be suitable for 适合.句型一览 1.be about to do . when . 刚要这时I was_about_to_go_back_to_sleep_when (刚要回去睡觉这时) suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.2独立主格结构The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this_being_my_first_experience (这是我的第一次经历), I stayed at the top and watched them.3It is said that . 据说It_is_said_that (据说) this boy, who had a great gift for languages and persuasion, is the father of the Manchu people.语法自测动词ing形式完成句子1(2014湖北适应性考试) Looking_back_on/upon_the_threeyear_life in the mountain village, he confirms it as a milestone in his personal development.(look)回顾在这个山村三年的生活，他确信这是他个人发展的一个里程碑。2Being_trapped_in_a_traffic_jam while you are hurrying to the airport is quite an unpleasant experience.(trap)当你赶着去机场时遭遇交通阻塞是一段相当不愉快的经历。3Seeing_the_blind_wandering through the traffic, motorists would have to step on their brakes at once.(see)看到盲人过马路时，汽车驾驶员不得不马上踩刹车。4Devoting_himself_to_his_research on the IT technology, he soon made a breakthrough.(devote)全神贯注于他的IT业的研究，他很快就获得了突破。5Having_seen_the_film_so_many_times,_I dont need to see or hear it to know what is happening now on the screen.(see)看过那部电影多次，现在屏幕上演的什么，我没必要去看或听就知道。1.appoint vt.约定；指定(时间、地点等)；任命；委派(1)appoint sb. as/to be . 任命某人为appoint sb. to do sth. 委派某人做某事appoint a time/place for sth./to do sth. 确定时间/地点做某事(2)appointment n. 任命；约会make an appointment with sb. 与某人约会have an appointment with sb. 与某人有约keep/break an appointment 守/违约(3)appointed adj. 指定的；确定的They appointed him as captain of the English team.他们任命他为英格兰队队长。I was appointed to take charge of arranging all the activities on that day.(2011天津写作)我被指定来负责安排那一天的所有活动。Id love to go there with you, but I have an appointment with my lawyer.我很想和你一起去那里，但我要约见我的律师。【对点练习】根据英汉提示完成小片段汤姆和约翰与经理做好了约定。汤姆在定好的时间到达；而约翰却由于某种原因失约。后来汤姆被任命为销售部经理。Tom and John had_made_an_appointment_with the manager. Tom had arrived at the appointed time, while John had broken_the_appointment for some reason. Later, Tom was_appointed_as/to_be a sales director.2.suit n一套外衣；套装vt.适合；使适宜(1)suit sb.适合某人suit ones needs 适合某人的需要(2)a suit of clothes 一套衣服(3)suitable adj. 适当的；相配的be suitable for sb./sth. 适合于某人/某物be suitable to do sth. 适合做某事 If you want to go by bus, that suits me fine.要是你想坐公共汽车，那对我也合适。This kind of accommodation offers an independent lifestyle and is more suitable for the longstay student.这种住宿形式提供独立的生活方式，它更适合于长期居住的学生。【个性比较】suit, match, fitsuit多指式样、颜色等方面合乎某人的需要、口味、性格、条件、地位、场合等match多指色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配fit多指大小、形状的合适【对点练习】.选词填空(suit/match/fit)The hat doesnt suit her, for one thing it doesnt fit because of its size; for another its color doesnt match her charming face.一句多译要找个对每个人都合适的时间很困难。1 Its_difficult_to_find_a_time_that_suits_everybody.(suit)2 Its_difficult_to_find_a_time_that_is_suitable_for_everybody.(suitable)3.anxious adj.忧虑的；不安的；渴望的Are you anxious and restless if you are separated from your mobile phone？(2011山东阅读表达)不带手机你是否会感到焦虑不安？(1)be anxious for/about为担心/担忧be anxious to do sth. 急于做某事be anxious for sb.to do 急于让某人做be anxious that . 希望that从句采用虚拟语气， 动词形式为(should) do(2)anxiety n. 忧虑；担心；渴望with anxiety 焦虑地(3)anxiously adv. 焦虑地Many parents are very anxious about their childrens safety when they heard the accident.听到事故时，许多父母很担心孩子们的安全。She is anxious to finish school and get a job.她渴望毕业找份工作。【对点练习】.介词填空Mary is anxious about/for travelling on her own.His forehead was ridged with anxiety.用anxious的相关短语完成下列句子干旱已持续了好几个月，这使得农民很担心农作物的收成。The drought had lasted several months and it made_farmers_anxious_about the harvest.他希望不被人误解。He was_anxious_not_to be misunderstood.4.panic vi.& vt.惊慌 n惊慌；恐慌The pair panicked and tried to row back to shore.(2013四川阅读B)这两个孩子害怕了，想把船划到岸边。(1)panic sb. into doing sth.使某人因惊慌而做某事panic over/about/at . 对感到惊慌(2)get into a panic 惊慌失措(表动作)in a panic 处于惊恐之中(表状态)in panic 惊慌失措地Yesterday, the Qiantang River tide came so violently that many visitors were panicked into fleeing away.昨天，钱塘江潮来势如此凶猛，很多观潮者吓得四散而逃。The animals being hunted are turning their heads in panic and running swiftly away.猎物惊恐回首，匆忙飞奔。【关键一点】panic的过去式和过去分词分别为panicked, panicked；现在分词为panicking。【对点练习】用panic的相关短语填空She got_into_a_panic at the sight of the fire.They was_in_a_panic when they waited for death.The boy panicked_over/about/at what the storyteller told.【真题印证】(2011湖北高考)“Tommy, run! Be quick! The house is on fire！” the mother shouted, with _ clearly in her voice. AangerBrudenessCregret Dpanic解析：选D考查名词词义辨析。 句意：“汤米，快跑！ 快点儿！ 房屋失火了！” 妈妈叫喊着，声音里明显带着恐慌。 anger“怒火；怒气”；rudeness“粗鲁”；regret“懊悔；遗憾”；panic“恐慌”。D项符合句意。 5.guarantee v保证；担保n.保证；担保；保修单Take this opportunity, and I guarantee you wont regret it.抓住这个机会吧，我保证你不会后悔的。(1)guarantee to do sth./that . 保证、担保做某事/确保 保证某人某事 肯定会、必定会做某事(2)give sb. a guarantee (that . ) 向某人保证()under guarantee 在保修期内Even if you complete your training I cant guarantee you a job.即使你完成了培训，我也无法保证你能拥有一份工作。If you yell at him, he is guaranteed to do the opposite of what you want.如果你向他大喊大叫，他肯定会跟你对着干。【对点练习】一句多译你能保证按时完成任务吗？Can you6.make ones way 前往And if you can stay positive as you make your way through a tough time, youll help yourself feel better even faster.(2012新课标卷阅读第二节)如果当你经历一段困难的时光时你能保持积极的心态，你就会更快地让自己感觉好起来。fight ones way奋力前进lose ones way 迷路feel ones way 摸索前进push ones way 挤出来wind ones way 蜿蜒前进He fought his way forward and eventually succeeded.他奋力前进，最终得以成功。He was lucky enough to push his way through the crowd.他很幸运能从人群中挤出来。【对点练习】用way的相关短语完成下列句子他转过身来，急匆匆地朝学校跑去。He turned around and hurriedly made_his_way to the school.他摸索着穿过森林，迷失了回家的路，仅发现一条小溪沿着山坡蜿蜒流下来。Having_felt_his_way through the forest, he lost_his_way back home, only to find a river winding_its_way down the hill.7.vary from . to . 由到不等Cultures vary from country to country.文化因国家不同而不同。(1)vary in sth.(大小、形状等)不同；有别vary with 随变化；改变vary between . and . 从到转变(2)various adj. 各种各样的；多姿多彩的(3)variety n. 种种；多样化a variety of varieties of 种种The food prices often vary with many market factors.食品的价格经常随许多的市场因素而变化。Malaysia, a multiracial and multicultural country, is famous for its varieties of food.马来西亚是一个多种族和多文化的国家，因多种多样的美食而闻名。【语境串记】There are a variety of animals and plants in the world.They vary in shape and size and exist in many parts of the world.But for various reasons, some of them are dying out.世界上有各种各样的动植物，它们形状、大小各异，分布在世界各地，但是由于各种原因，它们当中的有些种类正在灭亡。【对点练习】用vary的相关短语完成下列句子那种动物的颜色随季节而改变。The color of that animal varies_with the season.虽属同科，这种鸟大小、颜色不一。Though on the same family, the bird varies_in size and color.对于这件事，人人意见不一。Opinions on this matter vary_from_person_to_person.equipment n 设备；装备(不可数名词)a piece of equipment 一件设备equip v. 配备； 装备unconscious adj. 失去知觉的；未察觉的unconsciously adv. 无意识地，不知不觉地conscious adj. 神志清醒的，自觉的，有意见的consciously adv. 有意识地，自觉地burn to the ground 全部焚毁absolute adj. 绝对的；完全的absolutely adv. 绝对地；完全地potential n. 潜在性；可能性；潜能adj. 可能的；潜在的have the potential to do . 有可能【对点练习】.用所给词的适当形式填空After a fire broke out in the lab, a lot of equipment (equip) was damaged.Unconsciously (conscious), he reached his hand for the phone.It might be something absolutely (absolute) wonderful.结合以上词汇完成下列句子他无处栖身因为他的房子被烧毁了。He has no place to live in because his house has_been_burnt_to_the_ground. 它具有以快速方法改变网络工作方式的潜力。It has_the_potential_to change the way our networks work in a rapid way.1.The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this_being_my_first_experience,_I stayed at the top and watched them.另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。【句型透视】(1)this being my first experience为独立主格结构，在句中作状语，相当于原因状语从句。独立主格结构本身不是一个完整的句子，但在语意上相当于一个句子。在句中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随等。独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。He walked into the classroom, his head lowered.他低着头，走进了教室。(2)独立主格结构的构成方法：n./pron.v.ing/v.ed/to do/n./adj./adv./prep.phrase。其中名词或代词起着逻辑主语的作用；另一部分表示状态、状况或动作。There being no one else to turn to, I had to come to see you.我没有其他可以求助的人，只能来找你。All things considered, I think it is a good idea.全盘考虑，我认为这是个好主意。【对点练习】把下列句子变为独立主格结构Because there was no bus, we had to take a taxi to go to the station.There_being_no_bus,_we had to take a taxi to go to the station.The guide led the way, so we had no trouble getting out of the forest.The_guide_leading_the_way,_we had no trouble getting out of the forest.2.It_is_said_that this boy, who had a great gift for languages and persuasion, is the father of the Manchu people.据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。【句型透视】(1)It is said that . 意为“据说”，相当于“People say that .”；it为形式主语， that引导主语从句。该结构还可以转换成“Sb. is said to do .”结构。不定式根据情况可用一般式、进行式或完成式。It is said that the new mayor will come into power next month. The new mayor is said to come into power next month.据说新市长下个月将上任。It is said that he has written a new book about workers. He is said to have written a new book about workers.据说他写了一本有关工人的新书。(2)类似句型还有：It is thought that . 大家认为It is believed that . 人们相信It is hoped that . 人们希望It is reported that . 据报道It is well known that . 众所周知It is generally considered that . 大家普遍认为It is supposed that . 据推测It is widely known that any English conversation begins with The Weather.(2013重庆阅读E)众所周知，英语中的谈话都是由天气开始的。It is hoped that he will come tomorrow.大家都希望他明天能来。【关键一点】It is hoped that . 不能转换成“Sb.is hoped to do .”。【对点练习】句型转换John is said to be one of the best teachers in the school.It is said that John is one of the best teachers in the school.It is believed that John will help us with some money.John is believed to help us with some money.It is reported that they are photographing a film in Yunnan.They are reported to be photographing a film in Yunnan.单词拼写1A good sleeping bag is an essential part of every campers equipment (设备)2He waved (挥手) goodbye to his friend at the railway station.3This wounded soldier was unconscious (无意识的) for his loss of blood.4He shot (射击) at the bird, but missed it.5The whole house trembled (颤抖) when the strong wind went by.6The teacher evaluated (评估) the performance of each student.7She gave me a diagram (图表) of railway network.8The car drew up alongside (沿着) the road.9He hasnt realized his full potential (潜能) yet.10The parks of this city are famous for their fountains (喷泉).选词填空come down, make ones way to, be said to, be anxious about, in a sense, save ones life1The government immediately appointed the army to make_their_way_to the disaster area.2The local people together with the army guaranteed to save_everyones_life.3At that moment, many were in_a_panic,_while more and more victims were found unconscious or dead.4People across the whole country were_anxious_about them and made their efforts to help them.5He fell to the ground, blood coming_down his nose.6He is_said_to have visited the artist and learned a lot from him.根据汉语提示，选用练习中的句子，加入适当过渡词后联句成篇1一听到南方发生了洪水，政府迅速指派军队赶往灾区。2当地人们和军队一起保证要挽救每一条生命。3很多人处于惊恐之中。4一部分受害者被发现时已失去知觉，甚至死亡。5全国人民对他们也感到担忧，并共同努力来帮助他们。On hearing the news that the terrible floods hit the south, the government immediately appointed the army to make their way to the disaster area.The local people together with the army guaranteed to save everyones life.Many were in a panic, while more and more victims were found unconscious or dead. Meanwhile, people across the whole country were anxious about them and made their efforts to help them.多项选择1Have you heard Tom has got a promotion recently?Yes, he was _ as a manager last month.AabusedBappointedCadopted Dadvocated解析：选Bappoint“任命；委任”，符合句意。abuse“滥用；虐待”；adopt“采用；收养”；advocate“提倡；鼓吹”。2His wonderful performances _ to all ages and social groups in China and he is also popular with people all over the world.Aappear BsuitCfit Dappeal解析：选D句意：他的精彩表演吸引了中国各个年龄段和各个阶层的人们，同时他也深受全世界人们的欢迎。appear“出现”；suit“适合”；fit“合适”；appeal“吸引”。3The combined companies _ of the financial support halfway means everything to us the collapse of the whole scheme.Aguarantee BproportionCpossession Dwithdrawal解析：选D句意：合作公司半途撤走资金支持意味着我们整个计划的破产。根据该句中“the collapse of the whole scheme”所表达的语境可知，计划破产的原因是合作公司“撤走”资金。D项意为“撤走”，符合语境，故D项正确。guarantee“保证”；proportion“均衡”；possession“占有”。4(2014吉林市高三模拟)According to our headmasters principle, all children should be encouraged to realize their full _.Aconsequence BentertainmentCpresentation Dpotential解析：选D句意：按照我们校长的观点，应该鼓励所有的儿童充分发挥他们的潜能。consequence“结果；后果”；entertainment“娱乐；消遣”；presentation“提供；展示”；potential“潜力”。5(2014湖北省部分学校调研)During the interview, you should present your views very clearly, wearing a sincere and confident smile.Anyway, try to leave a(n) _ impression on the judges.Afavorable BpreciousCessential Dworthwhile解析：选A句意：面试时，你应该清楚地介绍自己，面带真诚而自信的笑容，无论怎样要努力给面试官留下好的印象。favorable“肯定的；有利的”；precious“珍贵的”；essential“重要的”；worthwhile“值得的”。6I was really _ about you. You shouldnt have left home without a word.Aanxious BeagerCworrying Dsure解析：选A句意：我真的很担心你。你不该不打声招呼就离开家。be anxious about “为担心”。eager“渴望的”；worrying“令人担忧的”；sure“肯定的”。7(2012浙江高考)The research lacks _ evidence, and therefore, its conclusions are doubtful.Asolid BfierceCsevere Dpotential解析：选A句意：该研究缺乏可靠的证据，因此它的结论值得怀疑。由句意可知，solid符合语境，意为“可靠的；可信赖的”。fierce“激烈的”；severe“严重的”；potential“潜在的”。8Nowadays food safety is a big problem and nobody can guarantee all foods are secure to us, but food produced in the normal companies is _ better.Astrictly BabsolutelyCrelatively Dexactly解析：选C句意：现在食品安全是一个大的问题，没有人能够保证所有的食物对我们来说都是安全的，但是正规公司生产的食物相对来说要好一些。strictly“严格地”；absolutely“完全地”；relatively“相对地”；exactly“正好地”。9(2014咸宁调研)The games are designed to make maths fun and _ childrens confidence.Abring up Btake upCbuild up Dbreak up解析：选Cbuild up ones confidence “树立某人的信心”。bring up“抚养”；take up“从事”；break up“打碎；分裂；解体”。10Lucy, read this book I _ that youll be fond of it.OK.Ill read it after I have finished my homework.Aorder BguaranteeCprove Dreveal解析：选B根据“Ill read it”可知，第一个说话人是说“露西，看看这本书，我保证你会喜欢它的。”guarantee“保证”，符合句意。order“命名”；prove“证明”；reveal“揭示”。.完成句子1(2014咸宁调研)The two high officials being_arrested has caused a stir among the common public.(arrest)这两个高官的被捕已经在民众中引起了轰动。2(2014湖北适应性考试) Having_spent_all_night_reading the documents, I was very tired the next day.(spend)看了一整夜的文件，第二天我倦极了。3The John family is said to_have_settled_in the village as early as 1800s.(settle)据说约翰家族早在十九世纪初就已迁入了这个村子。4The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes_the_iPad_5_more_comfortable_to_hold.(make)厚度和重量与先前版本的不同使得iPad_5拿着更舒服。5(2014武汉调研)With his_dream_coming_true,_his family continues to support him in every wa