六级阅读理解题选项特征分析笔记.docx

阅读理解题选项特征分析资料详情1、传 统 阅 读在大学英语六级考试中，阅读理解题占据分值比例为35%，相比于听力理解题需要大量练习而言，对于广大考生来说更容易突破一点，是为整个六级考试中决定成败的题目。值此考试临近，将在本文中给广大考生梳理一下阅读理解题的选项特征，以达到明确备考思路，有的放矢！通常来说，到这个阶段，考生已经把近年的真题都做过一大部分了，这时往往会出现慌乱，并开始去做各种模拟题，这是不推荐的，认为只有真题会对考试有针对性的指向。那这时如果再看真题可能有的考生朋友会说：“答案都记住了，单词也背了，还有什么值得看的？”之类的问题，建议还是要看，要研究正确答案与文章的关系。在六级阅读部分，正确答案与文章存在四种关系：1. 原文再现；2. 结构顺序相同，而词语同义替换；3. 语序调整同义替换；4. 全文整体同义转换。六级的阅读问题分别对应方法如下：传统阅读，平均每次考试大部分属于2.结构顺序相同，而词语同义替换和3. 语序调整同义替换，少数会出现1. 原文再现和4. 全文整体同义转换。这个阶段看做过的题，建议考生尽量把选项与文章进行对比，看看能不能把每个题的选项与文章按以上关系对号入座。经过这样的思考，当我们再看到新题时，就会不由自主的给每个选项进行归类分析，也就能相对更快的找出正确答案了。下面，以2010年12月的六级阅读真题中一篇传统阅读为例进行分析。传统阅读：52. In theearly 20th century Americans believed science and technology could _.A solve virtually all existing problems C help raise peoples living standardsB quicken the pace of industrialization D promote the nations social progress来自文章中的这句：In the early 20th century, few things weremore appealing than the promise of scientific knowledge. In a world strugglingwith rapid industrialization, science and technology seemed to offer solutionsto almost every problem.由此可见，A项最为接近原文，属于2. 结构顺序相同，而词语同义替换。把原文中的offer solutions to almost every problem替换成了solvevirtually all existing problems。53. Why did many American scholars become enthusiastic about humanistic studiesafter World War?A They wanted to improve their own status within the currenteducation system.B They believed the stability of a society depended heavily onhumanistic studies.C They could get financial support from various foundations forhumanistic studies.D They realized science and technology alone were no guarantee for abetter world.来自文章中的这句：Two world wars and a Great Depressionrocked the confidence of many people that scientific expertise alone couldcreate a prosperous and ordered world. After World War , theacademic world turned with new enthusiasm to humanistic studies, which seemedto many scholars the best way to ensure the survival of democracy.由此可见，D项与原文最为接近，属于2. 结构顺序相同，而词语同义替换。把原文中的rocked the confidence scientific expertise alone could create a prosperous and orderedworld替换成了science and technology alone were no guarantee for a better world。54. Why areAmerican scholars worried about education today?A The STEM subjects are too challenging for students to learn.B Some Asian countries have overtaken America in basic sciences.C America is lagging behind in the STEM disciplines.D There are not enough scholars in humanistic studies.来自文章中的这句：There is considerable and justified concernthat the United States is falling behind much of the rest of thedeveloped world in these essential disciplines.由此可见，C项最为接近原文，属于2. 结构顺序相同，而词语同义替换。把原文中的falling替换成了lagging，essential disciplines指代上文中的STEM disciplines。55. Whataccounts for the significant decline in humanistic studies today?A Insufficient funding. C Shortage of devoted faculty.B Shrinking enrollment. D Dim prospects for graduates.来自文章中的这句：At the same time, perhaps inevitably, thehumanitieswhile still popular in elite colleges and universitieshaveexperienced a significant decline. Humanistic disciplines are seriouslyunderfunded, not just by the government and the foundations but by academicinstitutions themselves.由此可见，A项与原文最接近，属于2. 结构顺序相同，词语同义替换。把原文中的underfunded替换成了insufficient funding。56. Why doesthe author attach so much importance to humanistic studies?A They promote the development of science and technology.B They help prepare students for their professional careers.C Humanistic thinking helps define our culture and values.D Humanistic thinking helps cultivate students creativity.来自文章中的这句：But try to imagine our world as wellwithout the remarkable works that have defined our culture and values.由此可见，C项与原文最为接近，属于1. 原文再现。明确了这些正确答案的特征再看新题，相信会给各位考生朋友一点启发。最后附上另一篇2010年12月的传统阅读题，以供大家训练一下。Will there ever be another Einstein? Thisis the undercurrent of conversation at Einstein memorial meetings throughoutthe year. A new Einstein will emerge, scientists say. But it may take a longtime. After all, more than 200 years separated Einstein from his nearest rival,Isaac Newton.Many physicists say the next Einstein hasnt been bornyet, or is a baby now. Thats because the quest for a unified theory that would account for allthe forces of nature has pushed current mathematics to its limits. New mathmust be created before the problem can be solved.But researchers say there are many otherfactors working against another Einstein emerging anytime soon.For one thing, physics is a much differentfield today. In Einsteins day, there were only a few thousand physicists worldwide, and thetheoreticians who could intellectually rival Einstein probably would fit into astreetcar with seats to spare.Education is different, too. One crucialaspect of Einsteins training that is overlooked is the years of philosophy he read asa teenagerKant, Schopenhauer and Spinoza, among others. It taught him how tothink independently and abstractly about space and time, and it wasnt longbefore he became a philosopher himself.“The independence created by philosophical insight isin myopinionthe mark of distinction between a mere artisan (工匠) orspecialist and a real seeker after truth,” Einstein wrote in1944.And he was an accomplished musician. Theinterplay between music and math is well known. Einstein would furiously playhis violin as a way to think through a knotty physics problem.Today, universities have produced millionsof physicists. There arent many jobs in science for them, so they go to Wall Street andSilicon Valley to apply their analytical skills to more practicalandrewardingefforts.“Maybe there is an Einstein out there today,” saidColumbia University physicist Brian Greene, “but it would be alot harder for him to be heard.”Especially considering what Einstein wasproposing.“The actual fabric of space and time curving? My God, what an idea!” Greene saidat a recent gathering at the Aspen Institute. “It takes a certaintype of person who will bang his head against the wall because you believe youll find thesolution.”Perhaps the best examples are the fivescientific papers Einstein wrote in his “miracle year” of 1905.These “thought experiments” were pages of calculations signed and submitted to the prestigiousjournal Annalen der Physik by a virtual unknown. There were no footnotes orcitations.What might happen to such a submissiontoday?“We all get papers like those in the mail,” Greenesaid. “We put them in the junk file.”注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。57. What doscientists seem to agree upon, judging from the first two paragraphs?A Einstein pushed mathematics almost to its limits.B It will take another Einstein to build a unified theory.C No physicist is likely to surpass Einstein in the next 200 years.D It will be some time before a new Einstein emerges.58. What wascritical to Einsteins success?A His talent as an accomplished musician.B His independent and abstract thinking.C His untiring effort to fulfill his potential.D His solid foundation in math theory.59. What doesthe author tell us about physicists today?A They tend to neglect training in analytical skills.B They are very good at solving practical problems.C They attach great importance to publishing academic papers.D They often go into fields yielding greater financial benefits.60. What doesBrian Greene imply by saying “. it would be a lot harder for him to be heard” (Lines 1-2,Para. 9)?A People have to c