2018年高考南京三模英语试卷及答案.pdf

2018届南京市高三三模英语试卷届南京市高三三模英语试卷 全卷精解点评全卷精解点评 备考建议备考建议 2018 05 03 第一节第一节 单项填空 共单项填空 共15小题 每小题小题 每小题1分 满分分 满分15分 分 请认真阅读下面各题 从所给的 A B C D 四个选项中 选出最佳选项 并在答 题卡上将该项涂黑 21 Sometimes it s hard to accept the truth the lie sounds so much better A because B unless C though D until 答案 A 解析 考察状语从句引导词 根据句义 有时候事实真相很难接受 因为谎言往往要顺耳多了 不 难判断选 A 点评 本题难度较低 判断出句子之间的逻辑关系即可 22 Held inside for too long regret affect the immune system A must B can C should D shall 答案 B 解析 考察情态动词用法 初中时 can 表推测时通常只用于否定句和疑问句 一般不用于肯定句 但 can 有时也用于肯定句中表示推测 表示理论上的可能性 即从理论上或逻辑上分析是可能的 侧重根据客观逻辑推测 本题根据 懊悔在心里忍太久 也会影响免疫系统 是根据理论逻辑判断的 所以选 B 点评 本题难度中等 主要是多注重情态动词的用法积累 除 can 之外 高考中 shall should must 的特殊用法和意义也是考察重点 需要重点记忆 23 Coming of age is a ceremony young people wear traditional costumes to mark the transition from youth to adulthood A that B what C as D where 答案 D 解析 考察定语从句 从句不缺成分 所以选关系副词 where coming of age 是一个典礼仪式 在这个仪式中年轻人穿着传统服饰以纪念到成年的转变 点评 本题难度偏低 掌握定语从句的基本做题方法即可做出答案 24 We come from different cultures and carry with different histories A it B that C us D them 答案 C 解析 考察代词 我们来自不同的文化 传承不同的历史 点评 本题难度不高 理解句义即可做出答案 25 The couch of the football team to resign to take responsibility for the failure but it was rejected A offered B managed C needed D afforded 答案 A 解析 考察动词 offer to do sth 主动提出做某事 manage to do 设法做成某事 need to do 需要 做 afford to do 负担得起 这个足球队的教练主动提出承担失败的责任 但是被拒绝了 点评 本题难度不高 注意动词和短语搭配积累即可 不过 offer 一词的动词和名词形式属于常考 项 需重点关注 26 The suspect was released as the evidence was and to some extend ambiguous A clear B thin C hard D negative 答案 B 解析 考察形容词 根据句意 嫌疑人被释放了 因为证据不足 且在某种程度上 证据相当模糊 可判断答案 类似的形容词考法在 2018 二模也出现过 handsome slim 修饰 profit 平时注意积累 一词多义和特殊用法 点评 本题难度中等 主要考察词汇积累 27 Can you put me about the World Cup Football Match Sorry I myself know nothing about it A in the air B on the move C in the picture D on the post 答案 C 解析 考察短语意义 in the air 悬而未决 谣言等 传开 流行开来 半空中 空际 on the move 在行动 在移动中 在进步中 流动 in the picture 知道详情 熟悉一切 引起他人注意 on the spot 当场 立刻 在危险中 处于负责地位 根据句义可得出 C 项答案 点评 本题难度中等 短语和情景交际题考察是一个重点 需平时多积累 28 The selfie has inspired risk taking behavior the boundaries of safety whether by hanging from a skyscraper or posing with live explosives A pushed B to push C pushing D having pushed 答案 C 解析 考察非谓语动词 只要掌握非谓语做题方法 一判断是否使用非谓语 二判断主被动 三 判断时间先后 即可得出答案 C 点评 本题难度中等 需要在平时学习掌握系统的语法做题步骤 按步骤思考 29 As more and more companies extend their global it is easy to understand why new opportunities birth in various locations A concern B appeal C reach D consensus 答案 C 解析 考察名词词义辨析 根据句义 越来越多的公司在拓展他们的国际影响力 reach 作名词和 动词表 影响 较常考察到 平时注意积累复习即可 点评 本题难度中等 平时注重词汇的一词多义积累即可 30 Through the use of blogs shy students who rarely during class discussions are given a voice A advance B focus C compromise D contribute 答案 D 解析 考察动词词义辨析 通过使用博客 平时课堂讨论很少参与的害羞学生 也可以发声了 根据句义和结合单词意义及用法 选 D contribute 贡献出 捐赠 款项 投稿 给杂志等 出力 点评 本题难度中等 平时注意积累词汇即可 31 The agency will make travel arrangements for you you can organize your own transport A Similarly B Furthermore C Instead D Alternatively 答案 D 解析 考察副词 旅行社会为你安排行程 或者你也可以自己安排出行方式 alternatively 或者 二者择一地 要不然 点评 32 We watched the harbour and then the coastline into the morning mist A turn away B fade away C wear away D break away 答案 B 解析 考察短语 turn away 转过脸去 拒绝 某人 进入 辞退 背 fade away 消退 消失 衰弱 消歇 wear away 磨掉 衰退 break away 突然离开 突然挣脱 与 决裂 从 退出 我们看着港口 然后看着海岸线逐渐消失在清晨的雾里 点评 本题难度不高 注意短语的积累即可 33 The banker finds it difficult just as an ordinary human being at home A to treat B to be treated C to have treated D to have been treated 答案 B 解析 考察非谓语动词 Treat 为及物动词 后再无宾语 所以只能用被动 无先后 表一般状态 所以选 B 点评 本题难度中等 掌握非谓语动词做题步骤即可 34 They say at the end of your life you regret the stuff you didn t do more than the stuff that you A do B did C had done D would do 答案 B 解析 本题考察动词时态 他们说 在临终时 相较于做过的事 你会更加后悔那些没有做过的 事 根据后面的比较级找到并列结构 即可判断选 B didn t do 对应 did 点评 本题难度不高 找到并列成分即可做出 35 Hey can you lend me some money buddy I am hard up these days The funds I bought came down again yesterday and I don t have a bean now A Forget it B No worry C No problem D Forgive me 答案 A 解析 考察情景交际 forget it 算了吧 就别想了 没关系 no worry 一无挂虑 不担心 不用担心 别担心 没有烦恼 no problem 不麻烦 没什么 没事儿 非常容易 forgive me 见谅 根据后半句可判 断无法答应借钱要求 然后可判断选 A 点评 本题难度中等 平时注意积累表达即可 第二节第二节 完形填空 共完形填空 共20小题 每小题小题 每小题1分 满分分 满分20分 分 What brought McCoy that Baltimore alley was nothing to be proud of McCoy was looking for a safe place to do 36 He had been there for only a minute when something caught his eyes a brown leather Rioni handbag Picking it up he found it had been 37 of everything but an electricity bill McCoy could 38 all too well One of his 39 possessions the sleeping bag had recently been stolen Remembering how angered he d been by his own 40 he decided to return the purse He began right away starting with the 41 on the bill It was on the other side of the city On the way several people asked to buy the purse but he 42 I m returning this to its owner After traveling much of the day and 43 approaching the address he was stopped by a woman called Smith She asked to buy the purse 44 McCoy refused saying he was searching for its owner But I am the owner the woman said At Smith s 45 McCoy told her his story He d been in charge of a landscaping business until 2012 when he was in a car accident that 46 him addicted to narcotics Smith 47 this stranger had gone to such great strengths to return her bag asked to do something to help I m a heroin addict McCoy 48 I m probably going to let you down Undaunted Smith gave him her phone number saying If you want to go to rehab call me She 49 his lost sleeping bag with her own then drove him back and left thinking that would be the 50 of it Two days later she got a call Smith realized that McCoy was 51 about getting better he even gave her the name of a 28 day rehab facility in Florida So she 52 her saving account and bought McCoy a plane ticket While there he would call her I heard his 53 over the phone Every day he would call me and it went from this scared 54 voice to a healthy energetic voice After 28 days there McCoy is drug free His life is back 55 One crime victim would empathize with another s loss 36 A drugs B sports C business D study 答案 A 解析 do drugs 意思为吸毒 根据下文中 I m a heroin addict 可得知本文主人公是一名瘾君子 再 根据前文主人公来到巴尔的摩小巷不是一件值得骄傲的事情 was nothing to be proud of 可以得出 他应该是想找一个安全的地方吸毒 37 A rid B removed C emptied D cheated 答案 C 解析 主人公捡到了一个名贵的包 但是打开这个包 里面只有一张电费单 可知包里面的东西 已经被清空了 因此选 C 38 A recall B relate C remember D reflect 答案 B 解析 McCoy 由这件事情联想到之前自己的睡袋被偷的经历 因此在这里应该选 B relate 联系 39 A few B many C illegal D original 答案 A 解析 由上下文可知本文主人公经济条件不佳 因此身外之财比较少 而其中就包含了睡袋 因 此这里应该填写 few 40 A loss B deed C desire D response 答案 A 解析 由上下文可知 主人公因为自己也经历了一样的损失 感同身受 因此才想要把捡到的包 还回去 因此选 A 41 A name B date C number D address 答案 D 解析 主人公决定立刻把包送回去 根据的是电费单上的地址 因此选 D 42 A added B declined C promised D hesitated 答案 B 解析 一路上他遇到很多人出钱向他购买这个名贵的包 但是他都拒绝了 因此选 B 因为主人 公在后文中表示 I m returning this to its owner 显示了他还包的决心 43 A slowly B secretly C finally D cautiously 答案 C 解析 在跑了一整天之后 McCoy 终于到达了地址上标明的地方 因此选 C 44 A Then B Actually C Constantly D Again 答案 D 解析 到达目的地之后 McCoy 被一个叫做 Smith 的女士叫住 这位女士仍然要求出钱购买包 根据后文 McCoy 说 he was searching for its owner 可知 他再一次拒绝了她的请求 因此选 D 45 A urging B insulting C approving D threatening 答案 A 解析 根据上下文 可知主人公的经历是让他有些难以启齿的 但是在 Smith 女士的竭力要求之 下 他终于开了口 因此选 A urge 催促 极力主张 这道题也可以运用排除法来做 B 选项 insult 是辱骂 不符合题意 C 选项 approve 是同意 但是主人公讲述自己的经历并不需要别人的同意 D 选项 threaten 威胁 也不符合题意 46 A kept B left C found D saw 答案 B 解析 动词辨析 在 2012 年 他发生了车祸 使他对毒品上瘾 A 选项使 保持 状态 B 选项 使 处于 状态 C 选项发现 处于 状态 D 选项看见 怎么样 47 A amused B confused C amazed D concerned 答案 C 解析 形容词辨析 史密斯很吃惊 这个陌生人花费这么大力气把包还给她 A 选项愉快的 被 逗乐的 B 选项困惑的 糊涂的 C 选项惊奇的 吃惊的 D 选项有关的 关心的 48 A insisted B repeated C declared D warned 答案 D 解析 动词辨析 麦考伊警告道 我是一个瘾君子 吸毒者 我可能会让你堕落 失望 A 选 项坚持认为 坚持要求 B 选项重复 C 选项声称 公告 D 选项警告 告诫 49 A shared B replaced C exchanged D compared 答案 B 解析 动词辨析 她用她自己的包代替他丢失的包 A 选项分享 B 选项代替 C 选项交换 D 选 项比较 50 A end B start C result D cause 答案 A 解析 名词辨析 她用她自己的包代替他丢失的包 然后开车把他送回去并离开了 认为事情就 结束了 A 选项结束 终止 B 选项开始 C 选项结果 D 选项原因 51 A careful B casual C serious D doubtful 答案 C 解析 形容词辨析 史密斯意识到麦考伊对于让自己变得越来越好是非常认真的 从后文他甚至 给了她佛罗里达一家 28 天的戒毒所 A 选项仔细的 认真的 B 选项偶然的 C 选项严肃的 认真 的 D 选项不能确定的 可疑的 52 A went into B dug into C looked into D checked into 答案 B 解析 动词短语辨析 所以从储蓄账户中取出钱 为他买了一张飞机票 A 选项从事 参加 B 选 项钻研 挖进去 C 选项调查 观察 浏览 D 选项调查 53 A satisfaction B expectation C transformation D determination 答案 C 解析 名词辨析 我通过电话了解到他的改变 A 选项满意 赎罪 B 选项期待 预期 C 选项转 化 转换 改造 D 选项决心 果断 测定 54 A calm B anxious C pleasant D desperate 答案 D 解析 形容词辨析 每天他打电话给我 由一个恐惧的 绝望的声音 变成一个健康 有精力的 声音 A 选项平静的 B 选项焦急的 焦虑的 C 选项令人愉悦的 D 选项不顾一切的 令人绝望 的 55 A at will B at risk C on duty D on track 答案 D 解析 28 天之后 麦考伊成功戒毒 他的生命重回正轨 A 选项任意 随意 B 选项处于风险之 中 C 选项值班 上班 D 选项步上正轨 On the track 未离题 在轨道上 点评 本篇完形填空难度相比一模二模要简单 故事的脉络清晰 学生根据文章的整体情节走向能 比较准确地判断出正确选项 应当注意的是一些固定搭配和表达 比方说 back on track 重回正轨等 都是一些平常练习中相对比较常见的表达形式 第三部分第三部分 阅读理解 共阅读理解 共15小题 每小题小题 每小题2分 满分分 满分30分 分 请认真阅读下列短文 从短文后各题所给的 A B C D 四个选项中 选出最佳选项 并在答题纸 上将该项涂黑 A Costa Rica Natural Paradise 9 Day Tour 1295 Volcanoes Beaches the English she used with me which for lack of better term might be described as broken and what I imagined to be her translation of her Chinese if she could speak in perfect English her internal language and for that I sought preserve the essence but neither an English nor a Chinese structure I wanted to capture what language ability tests can never reveal her intent her passion her imaginary the rhythms of her speech and the nature of her thoughts Apart from what any critic had to say about my writing I knew I had succeeded where it counted when my mother finished reading my book and gave me her opinion So easy to read 65 What happened during the speech according to paragraph 1 A The author s mother arrived unexpectedly at the speech B The author delivered wrong information to the audience C The author admitted that she could use standard English D The author began to reflect on the different Englishes she used 答案 D 解析 根据首段中第三行 The talk was going along well enough until I remembered one major difference that made the whole talk sound wrong 及后文中 a speech filled with all forms of standard English that I had learned in school 可知 作者因为 妈妈 的到来 想起了自己演讲时使用的语言和平时与妈妈 交谈时使用的语言不一致 而在演讲过程中产生了反思 因此答案选 D 本题容易误选成 A A 选 项中用了 unexpectedly 但文中只提到了 妈妈 第一次坐在 我 的观众席中 并未提到 妈妈 是意料 之外到场的 所以不恰当 66 In which blank we put the sentence It s my mother tongue A B C D 答案 C 解析 It is my mother tongue 根据全文我们可以看出 本文在叙述妈妈的语言对 我 的深刻影响 那么这里的 mother tongue 就不再是字面意思上的 母语 而是 我的妈妈使用的语言 在第二段第 四行 作者提到 But to me my mother s English is perfectly clear 后面紧接着讲 Her language is vivid 这几行都在对 妈妈的语言 进行描述 因此将 It is my mother tongue 插在 C 处最合适 67 How does the author feel about her mother s English being described as limited A Ashamed B Uncomfortable C Astonished D Disappointed 答案 B 解析 定位到第三段第四行 But they seem to indicate that everything is limited including 作者认 为 limited English 这个评价似乎指出使用者的观点也是 limited 有些不认同 所以选 B 本题容易 误选成 D disappointed 失望的 灰心的 从本段的前三行可以看出 作者自己也不知如何给 妈妈 的语言 进行定位 那么在别人提出观点时 不至于感到 失望 只能说有些 不舒服 不认同 68 The author tells the story in Paragraph 5 to A show the limitations of her mother s English B Indicate that people in New York are easily taken in C explain the reasons for others bad attitude to her mother D display the difficulty immigrants had fitting into society 答案 A 解析 简单题 根据第五段首句可以看出 I think my mother s English almost had an effect on limiting my possibilities in life as well 作者认为 妈妈的语言 对自己产生了限制 故选 A 69 In what way was the author influenced by her mother A Her mother helped her draft her writing B Her mother greatly shaped her writing C Her mother s language ability inspired her D Her mother s language almost ruined her life 答案 B 解析 定位到倒数第二段第五行 I began to write stories using all the Englishes I grew up with 至本 段结束 作者详细解释了在写作生涯发展的各个方面都受到了 妈妈的语言 的影响 因此选 B 70 What can be learned from the passage A The author s writing retells what happened to her mother B American language ability tests are unfair to Chinese immigrants C The author finds it impossible to describe her mother s language D The author feels lucky to have inherited culture from her mothers 答案 D 解析 本题是推断题 需要我们从文中信息去推断得出答案 这里切记尽量不选原文 结合全文 对于受到了 妈妈的语言 影响这件事 作者十分感恩 倒数一和二段的字里行间都透露着对 妈妈 的信任和敬仰 因此选择 D D 篇总评 本次 D 篇难度中等 作者由一次演讲过程中的反思 引出了自己对于 妈妈的语言 的 理解 并庆幸自己受到妈妈的影响 才有了后来的写作成就 其中 68 70 属于简单题 仔细定位全 文就能得出正确答案 67 题句子穿插题是近几年学生们容易出错的提醒 这类提醒需要联系上下文 仔细推敲 找准上下文中的关键词 迅速做出定位 第四部分任务型阅读第四部分任务型阅读 共共10小题 每小题小题 每小题1分 满分分 满分10分分 请认真阅读下列短文 并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词 请认真阅读下列短文 并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词 注意 请将答案写在答题纸上相应题号的横线上 每个空格只填一个单词 注意 请将答案写在答题纸上相应题号的横线上 每个空格只填一个单词 What can we learn from Amish people Many people think of the Amish as living without These devout communities predominantly located in Pennsylvania Ohio and Indiana go without cars TVs computers phones or even the electricity needed to run so much of 21st century gadgetry But what researchers who have studied them have found is what the Amish have a surplus of good health in late life The average American life expectancy is currently just under 79 years Back in 1900 it was only 47 but for early 20th century Amish it was already greater than 70 Over the decades most Americans have caught up in overall life expectancy but the Amish still have a significant edge in late life health with lower rates of cancer cardiovascular disease diabetes and more So how do they do it Start with lifestyle Amish communities are agrarian with no modern farm equipment meaning all the work has to be done by hand In 2004 the American College of Sports Medicine fitted Amish volunteers with pedometers to determine how much physical activity they performed The results were dramatic Amish men took 18 425 steps a day and women 14 196 steps compared with non Amish people who are encouraged by doctors to shoot for at least 10 000 steps and typically fail Including other forms of manual labor lifting chopping sowing planting the Amish are six times as active as a random sample of people from 12 countries One result of this is that only 4 of Amish people are obese compared with 36 5 of the overall US population Amish children are about one third as likely as non Amish to be obese according to a 2012 study in PLOS One This means 50 lower rates of Type 2 diabetes The near absence of tobacco in the Amish community some men do smoke cigars results in a 63 lower rate of tobacco related cancers according to a 2004 study of Ohio s Amish population The Amish also had rates of all cancers that were 40 lower than the rest of the Ohio population Cardiovascular disease is one area in which the Amish don t have an edge with blood pressure and heart disease rates slightly higher than those of other populations Some of this might be attributed to the Amish diet which is heavy on pancakes eggs and sausage for breakfast and meat potatoes gravy and bread for dinner Working the farm can burn off those calories but all the fat and salt and carbs still have a bad effect The most powerful weapon in the Amish long life arsenal however may be genes The Amish population in the US is about 318 000 descended from just 200 families that immigrated in the 1700s They mostly marry within their own communities which means the genes that existed when their ancestors got to America have remained That can be a dangerous thing if bad genes are hidden in the mix but a good thing if the genes are sound While no community is without genetic problems the Amish seem to have gotten a lucky draw In a study released last November researchers announced the discovery of a gene in an Amish community that seemed to be associated with an average life span 10 longer than that of people without the gene While much of the Amish advantage is unique to the Anish themselves there is one long life lesson on they can teach everyone else Almost all elderly people in the Amish community are cared for at home by relatives This isn t always realistic or possible in the non Amish world but when it is it plays huger health dividends than medicine does What can we learn from Amish people Outline Supporting details Introduction to the Amish The Amish 71 the average American by more than 20 years last century The Amish in general enjoy better health than most people when they are 72 Factors in the Amish s 73 Lifestyles The Amish have to 74 by hand due to the lack Of agricultural equipment Thus they are more 75 active taking more steps than the non Amish people Various forms of manual labor 76 that they suffer less obesity 77 smoking contributes to lower rates of tobacco related cancers among the Amish Genes The Amish are able to 78 their genes pure by marrying within their communities Problems with the Amish s lifestyles The Amish s diet 79 more fat salt and carbs than needed brings about high blood pressure and heart disease rates Lesson from the Amish The power of family affection may go 80 that of medicine 71 答案 survived outlived 解析 概括总结题 根据 Back in 1900 it was only 47 but for early 20th century Amish it was already greater than 70 可知 阿米什人的平均寿命超过美国人 20 岁 综合概括两个点 寿命 活得长 可 以得出答案为 survived outlived 72 答案 old aging 解析 近义词 短语转换题 根据 Over the decades most Americans have caught up in overall life expectancy but the Amish still have a significant edge in late life health with 中的 late life 可知信息 点为 老年时 健康 所以 此处答案为 old aging 73 答案 favor interest s 解析 概括总结题 根据表格两个点 Lifestyles Genes 均为阿米什人寿命长的两个原因可知 这是 他们的爱好或喜欢做的事 所以 此处答案为 favor interest s 74 答案 farm work labor 解析 原词题 根据 Amish communities are agrarian with no modern farm equipment meaning all the work has to be done by hand 可知 他们不得不进行用手在农场进行工作 所以 此处答案为 farm work labor 75 答案 physically 解析 词性转换题 根据 In 2004 the American College of Sports Medicine fitted Amish volunteers with pedometers to determine how much physical activity they performed 可知 他们在体力方面更加活 跃 所以 此处答案为 physically 76 答案 ensure guarantee 解析 归纳概括题 根据 One result of this is that only 4 of Amish people are obese compared with 36 5 of the overall US population 可知 由于劳动方式比较多 所以他们的肥胖率很低 也就是说 各种方式的劳动保证了他们的低肥胖率 所以 此处答案为 ensure guarantee 77 答案 little less 解析 词义转换题 根据 The near absence of tobacco in the Amish community some men do smoke cigars results in a 63 lower rate of tobacco related cancers 可知 不吸烟的阿米什社区人要比吸烟 的阿米什人患癌症的概率低 64 也就是说少吸烟