工商管理专业英语阅读unit1.docxVIP

Special English ReadingUnit 1 The Evolution of Management as a Field of StudyPart 1 new words（computer，illustrative sentence）autobiography tbagrf n. 自传；自传文学 复数 autobiographies we dont have to speculate because the President tells us himself in his autobiography,Dreams from My Father.不必猜测，因为这位总统在自传中已经告诉了我们来自父亲的梦想。memoir memwn. 回忆录；研究报告；自传；实录UntilIreadhismemoir,I had noideahowdifficult thepressure-packedyears had beenforhim, orhowhardhe hadbeenonhimself,andme.直到我后来读了他的回忆录，才知道被压力重重包围的这些年他是多么艰难，而且他对自己和对我的要求是多么严格。anthropologist ,nrpldstn. 人类学家；人类学者Thisis somethingIlearnedasananthropologistpeoplelove totelltheirstories.这是我作为一名人类学家所理解的-人们喜欢讲述自己的故事。perspective n. 观点；远景；透视图adj. 透视的Thereismuchthatmight besaidaboutfriendships. Theyallowustosee ourselvesfromtheperspectiveofanother.关于友谊的说法可能有很多种，这使得我们能从别人的观点里看到我们自己。turnover n. 翻覆；贸易 营业额；流通量；半圆卷饼；失误adj. 翻过来的；可翻转的The storegreatlyreduced thepricestomake aquickturnover.这家商店实行大减价以迅速周转资金。contingency n. 偶然性；安全 意外事故；可能性；审计 意外开支Weshould bepreparedforanycontingency.我们应该对任何应急情况有所准备。incur vt. 招致，引发；蒙受Thenwhenyousigncontractsandincurbusinessdebts,youare onlyputtingthebusinesson theline.然后当你签约合同和承担企业债务的时候，你只是把你的业务推到了前线。dynamic adj. 动态的；动力的；动力学的；有活力的n. 动态；动力Inlifeweshould bestrivingfordynamicbalance,notastaticone.在生活中我们应该努力寻求动态平衡而不是静态平衡。confrontation n. 对抗；面对；对质Wecanbothbenefit fromcooperation,notconfrontation.合作，而不是对抗会让我们双方受益。interdependent adj. 相互依赖的；互助的However,tobuildasystem,wemustalsobeable toopenthebox,lookinside, andseewhatset ofinteracting,interrelated,orinterdependentelementsmake up thesystem.然而，要构建一个系统，我们也必须能够打开这个盒子，向里面看，看一下哪些相互作用、相互关连或相互依赖的元素构成了系统。popularity n. 普及，流行；名气；受大众欢迎The newproductjumped intopopularity.新产品一下子普及开来。sole n. 鞋底；脚底；基础；鳎目鱼adj. 唯一的；单独的；仅有的vt. 触底；上鞋底Practiceisthesolecriterionoftruth.实践是检验真理的唯一标准。reliance n. 信赖；信心；受信赖的人或物Thiscanreducetheirrelianceonglobalagenciesandhelptacklethetradeinmedicinesofpoorquality,whethertheyarefakeorsubstandard.这可能减少它们对于全球机构的依赖，并帮助解决质量不良的药物的贸易，不论它们是假药还是劣药。alliance n. 联盟，联合；联姻Theymade anallianceagainstthecommonenemy.他们联合起来抵御共同敌人。demographic adj. 人口统计学的；人口学的IfAfricawinsademographicdividenditwillonlybebecauseitstopsgrowingsofast.如果非洲赢得了一个人口红利，它将仅被归于它停止了快速发展。neatly adv. 差不多，几乎；密切地Theroomwasnearlyemptyoffurniture.这房间里空荡荡的，几乎没有家具。integrate ntgret vt. 使完整；使成整体；求的积分；表示的总和vi. 求积分；取消隔离；成为一体adj. 整合的；完全的n. 一体化；集成体Ifyoualreadyhaveanapplicationin whichyou have tointegratecharts,thenyoucanskipthispartand godirectlyto thenextpart, whichexplainstheintegrationofchartswiththeapplication.如果你已经有一个需要集成图表的应用程序，你可以跳过这部分，然后直接进入下一个部分，下个部分将会阐述如何将图表和应用程序集成在一起。interrelated ntrlet vt.相互关联的Acasestudyillustrated howtheseconceptsinterrelate,usingconcreteexamplesofbestpracticeimplementations.案例研究使用最佳实践实现的具体示例说明了这些概念的关联情况。unintended adj. 无意识的；非计划中的However,weneed to lookat thepicture asawholetoensurethere arenounintendedconsequencesforexistingplant.但是，我们需要作为一个整体规划来确保有现有发电设施没有意想不到的后果。segment vi.分割 n.段；部分 vt.分割the paper research on the full text search engine based on word-segment and index.研究基于分词的全文检索技术possess vt.掌握、控制Revolutionariesshouldpossessthenoblequalitiesoftheproletariat.革命者应该具有无产阶级的崇高品质。rigid adj. 严格的；僵硬的，死板的；坚硬的；精确的Inthetimesof theemperors,theformality within theForbiddenCitywasrigidbeyondbelief.在帝王时代，紫禁城内的礼仪异常严格，令人难以置信。autocratic adj. 专制的；独裁的，专横的The rhetoricisdemocraticbuttherealityisabsolutelyautocratic.官方辞令是民主的，但现实却明显是独裁。vaguely adv. 含糊地；暧昧地；茫然地Eventhen,hespokeonlyvaguelyabout holdingLibyanofficialsaccountablefortheircrimes.尽管那样，他也只含糊地说利比亚官员对他们的罪行应负责任。emergence n. 出现，浮现；发生；露头Theday afterthat, theemergenceof anewcompetitor.今后的每一天都可能出现新的竞争对手。insight n. 洞察力；洞悉Yetspousesdo notlackinsight.然而配偶们并不缺乏洞察力。Part 2 verb（meaning,illustrative sentence in the article）Actually,theideaofcontingency,orsituationalthinkingisnotnew.Duringthe1920s,anearlywriterinthedassicalapproachmentionedthe law of situation. vt. 接近；着手处理Onescholarandwriterinmanagementnotedthatdifferentsituationsrequiredifferent kinds of knowledge,and the man posseseing theknowledge demanded by certain situation tends in the best managed businesses, other things being equal,to become the leader in the moment.vt.掌握、控制Rather,theyinterveneinatotalsystemofintegratedparts,usingthemanagementfunctionsofplanning,organizing,coordinatingandcontrolling. vi. 干涉；调停；插入Part 3 phrase（illustrative sentence,cartoon）viewasThepastel-orangeofthe GrandCanyonssandstone walls dominatestheviewfrom thevantageknownasSBPoint.大峡谷沙石的柔和橙色，使被人称为具有锑点高度有利情况的观点占有优势。make no valueThemoviestheymakeareofnovaluetome.他们拍摄的电影对于我来说根本没有价值.anticipate the intendedTheBSisintendedforthosewhoarefascinatedbythetechnicalareasofcomputingoranticipateagraduatedegreeincomputerscience.基地台是为那些谁是着迷计算的技术领域或预期在计算机科学硕士学位。seek to 追求、争取、力图ThatiswhatIseektodiscoverinthis movie.这就是我要在这部电影中寻求揭露的东西。law of situation 情景规律The lastone concludedtheresearchachievementoflawacademiccirclesbeforeandconnected withtherulesofProductsQualityLawalmostshowsthelawsituationofthe field.第五种观点既总结了以往法学界在产品责任归责上的研究成果，又结合了产品质量法的规定，基本上反映了我国产品责任的法律现状。tight controls Despitethesetightcontrols,there aregreen shootsoffurtherpoliticalreform.除了这些严厉的控制，中国还有更深远的政治改革。Part 4 the typical sentence patterns（apply mechanically）sth is to do Sth is convenient to do很方便做某事to wish that one could (do sth. which is not proper to do); to itch to恨不得Thebestwaytodosthisto.结构用来抒发做某事的最佳要领是Whatfunitistodosth.做某事多有趣啊！there is no best way to do 没有最好的方法Thereisnoeasywaytodobusiness, andonlythose whodotheirbesttowinclientscanwinbusiness.做生意无快捷方式可走，只有那些千方百计赢得客户的人才能赢得生意。Part 5 complex sentence（analytical structure,subject-predicate bing fixed shape,translation）The approaches that worked for Procter &Gamble for 50 years and the start-up of Haier or Legend Computer during the first few years must be modified to fit the changing global environment.为宝洁公司工作了50年的方法和海尔或者联想电脑的启动在前