大学英语实用阅读(上).ppt

大学英语实用阅读 上 CollegeEnglishReading UnitOne Text HowtoMeasureWhatYouLearnedinCollegeSupplementaryReading Passage1SixWaystoBeHappywithYourCollegeChoicePassage2FundinginAmericanHigherEducation Lead inQuestions I Directions beforereadingthetext thinkaboutthefollowingquestionsanddiscussthemwithyourpartners 1 Whatvaluedoyouseeinuniversityexaminationsformeasuringastudent scomprehensionofthecoursematerialthatstudenthasbeenexposedto 2 Ifexaminationsarenotthewaytomeasureastudent scomprehension whatothermethodsofevaluationwouldyousuggest 3 DoyouthinkthereareviablemethodsthatcantrulymeasureorassessACCURATELYwhatastudenthaslearnedincollege Ifnot thenwhatcanauniversitydotoACCURATELYassessormeasureastudent sperformancebeforecertifyingorgrantingadegree II Directions gotoalibraryorrefertotheinternettosearchsomeinformationaboutthefollowingtopics U S News WorldReportAmerica sBestcollegesCollegiateLearningAssessment CLA NationalSurveyofStudentEngagement NSSE SATGMATStanfordUniversity Vocabulary I Directions inthefollowingsentences donottrytolearntheitalicizedwords Concentrateondevelopingyourabilitytograspthemeaningofunfamiliarwordswiththehelpofcontextclues Readeachsentencecarefullyandwriteasynonym descriptionordefinitiononyourown 1 A2000reportbythecentersaidassessmentofstudentacademicprogress hasonlyamarginalinfluence oncollegedecisionmakers marginalsmall slight 2 PeterEwell seniorassociateoftheNationalCenterforHigherEducationManagementSystemsinBoulder Colo saidthattomostcollegeprofessors assessmentoflearningwas atbestadubiousdiversiontobeignored andatworstaphilistineintrusiontoberesisted dubious uncertaininresult indoubtphilistine havingnointerestorunderstandingofthearts orbeinghostiletothem 3 BesuretodescribethedatathatsupportorrefutetheclaimthatthetypeofwingontheSwiftAir235leadstomorein flightbreakups aswellasthefactorsthatmayhavecontributedtotheaccidentandshouldbetakenintoaccount refute prove astatement anopinion etcoraperson tobewrong 4 Fortheinitialtrials 14unidentifiedcollegesofvarioussizessupplied1 365studenttesttakers luredwithpaymentsof 20to 25anhour lure attractortempt apersonorananimal 5 Thetestresultsshowedastrongcorrelation 0 78outofapossible1 00 betweenthegradesassignedbycomputersandbyhumans Benjaminsaidhiswife anarthistorian cringesatthenotionofelectronicdevicesmeasuringintellectualdepth cringeat informal dislikeorhate Vocabulary II Directions matchthewordsontheleftcolumnwiththewordsorphraseswiththesamemeaningontherightcolumn 1 addressA prove astatement anopinionoraperson tobewrong2 refuteB putforwardordirect esp awrittenstatement 3 overallC attractortempt apersonorananimal 4 lureD takingeverythingintoaccount general5 administerE connectedwith whatishappening 6 relevantF control manage1 B 2 A 3 D 4 C 5 F 6 E Comprehension I Directions choosethebestanswertoeachofthefollowingquestions 1 WhatdoesHershthinkoftheU S NewsandWorldReport srankedlistofcolleges a Hethoughttheywerealldistortion b HethoughttheU SNewswasmeasuringthebestcolleges c Hethoughtitcannotrevealhowgoodaneducationitoffered d HethoughtheshoulddosomethingfortheU S News 2 Accordingtothetext CLAis a akindofproductproducedbyHershb akindofmeasurementabouthowselectiveaschoolisc anungainlybutpotentiallyexplosivemeasuringorassessmentdeviced athree hourtest 3 WhysomecollegeswithsimilarSATaverageshadsignificantlydifferentCLAaverages a Becausethenatureofeducationateachschoolisquitedifferent b BecauseCLAisquitedifferentfromSATinform c BecauseCLAisfinishedonline d BecauseCLAresultsarescoredbyhumangraders 4Formostcollegeprofessors whatkindofinfluencedoesassessmentoflearninghaveonthem a noinfluenceb verylittlec veryimportantandpositived thenegativeinfluence 5 Whatistheauthor sattitudetowardsthefutureofCLA a positiveb negativec ironicd critical II Directions decidewhethereachofthefollowingstatementistrue T orfalse F accordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassage 1 Hersh sideatostopsupplyingAmericanmediawithdatahasbeencarriedout F2 U S newswasmeasuringhowgoodaneducationitoffered F3 CLAisanungainlybutpotentiallyexplosivemeasuringdeviceintheformofathree hourtest T 4 Assessmentofstudentacademicprogresshadagreatinfluenceoncollegedecisionmakers F5 Criticalthinkingtestsweredevelopedinthe1980sbythestateofNewJersey T6 Inthistest collegeseniorshadthesameCLAscoreswithfreshmen F7 CLAshowshowwellastudentlearnedandrevealedsomecollegesdobetterthanothercolleges T III Directions explainthefollowingsentencesinyourownwords 1 Datawasimportant hethought butU S Newswasmeasuring moreorless howselectiveaschoolwas ratherthanhowgoodaneducationitoffered Para 2 Hethoughtdatawasimportant buttosomeextent theU S Newswasonlymeasuringhowselectiveaschoolwas nothowwelltheyteach 2 A1999studybytheNationalCenterforPostsecondaryImprovementatStanfordUniversityfoundthatonly10percentofprivateinstitutionstriedtolinkwhattheyknewabouthowmuchtheirstudentswerelearningtorelevantdataonwhattheyweretryingtoteachandwhowasdoingtheteaching Para 4 A1999studybytheNationalCenterforPostsecondaryImprovementatStanfordUniversityfoundthatonly10percentofprivateinstitutionstriedtoassociatewhattheyknewabouthowmuchtheirstudentswerelearningwithrelevantdataonwhattheyweretryingtoteachandwhowasdoingtheteaching 3 AndStephenKlein aseniorresearcheratRandinSantaMonica Calif createdtwo90 minuteperformancetaskquestionsinspiredbyhisworkintheearly1980senhancingtheCaliforniaBarExamination Para 5 AndStephenKleinwhoisaseniorresearcheratRandinSantaMonica Calif inspiredbyhisworkintheearly1980swhichwereenhancingtheCaliforniaBarExamination createdtwo90 minuteperformancetaskquestions 4 SallyEvans amemberofDynaTech ssaleforce recommendedthatDynaTechbuyasmallprivateplane aSwiftAir235 thatsheandothermembersofthesalesforcecouldusetovisitcustomers Para 6 SallyEvans whoisamemberofDynaTech ssaleforce madearecommendationthatDynaTechbuyasmallprivateplane aSwiftAir235 andsheandothermembersofthesalesforcecoulduseittovisitcustomers 5 BesuretodescribethedatathatsupportorrefutetheclaimthatthetypeofwingontheSwiftAir235leadstomorein flightbreakups aswellasthefactorsthatmayhavecontributedtotheaccidentandshouldbetakenintoaccount Para 7 Besuretodescribethedata whichsupportorrefutetheclaimthatthetypeofwingontheSwiftAir235leadstomorein flightbreakups andexplainthefactorsthatmayhaveledtotheaccidentandshouldbetakenintoconsideration 6 Humangradersscoredtheresults withcomputersalsousedtoseeifthee raterprogramdesignedbytheEducationalTestingServiceagreedwiththegradesassignedbytheflesh and bloodassessors Para 8 Humangradersscoredtheresults withcomputersalsousedtoseeifthee raterprogramdesignedbytheEducationalTestingServiceagreedwiththegradesgivenbytheflesh and bloodassessors humangraders 7 CollegeseniorshadsignificantlybetterCLAscoresthanfreshmenwithcomparableSATscores suggestingthatsomethingthatimprovedwithcollegeteachinghadbeenmeasured Para 9 CollegeseniorshadmuchbetterCLAscoresthanfreshmenwithcomparableSATscores whichsuggeststhatsomethingthatimprovedwithcollegeteachinghadbeenmeasured 8 Thefactthatthenewtestrevealssomecollegesdoingbetterthanothersisbothencouraging educatorssay anddangerous Para 10 Tosomeeducators thefactthatthenewtestrevealssomecollegesdoingbetterthanothersisbothencouraginganddangerous Post readingDiscussions 1 DoyouthinktheCLAiseffectiveandaccurateinmeasuringwhatthecollegiatelearnedinuniversity 2 Whydoyouthinkinstructorsandprofessorshaveaninnateresentmenttowardexaminationsasaninstrumentforevaluatingastudent sperformanceandassessingwhatthestudentmayhavelearnedintheirclass Canyounameatleasttwofactors 3 Inyouropinion howwouldyoulikedtobemeasuredorevaluatedforwhatyouhavelearnedincollege SupplementaryReadingPassage1 SixWaystoBeHappyWithYourCollegeChoice Exercises I Directions translatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese1 Oneinsightinparticularthrewmycongeniallyupbeat everything is getting betterworldviewseriouslyoff balance 尤其是这个观点使我一直很乐观的 认为一切都会越来越好的世界观发生了严重倾斜 2 Thewisdomoftheirchoiceofcollegeormajororcareerhaslesstodowiththeobjectiveresultsthanwiththeirsubjectiveexperiences 对于大学 专业及 未来的 事业 他们是如何明智的选择 主要与他们的主观经验有关 而与客观结果关系不大 3 Listentoyourviscera Feelingsmattermorethanfacts andanunexaminedemotionalresponseisoftenabetterguidetoourlong termneedsthancarefulanalysisofourthoughts 随心所欲 感觉比事实更重要 而且那种不假思索的情感上的反应通常对我们长久的需要起到指引的作用 而不要过多仔细分析我们的思想情感 4 Tosatisfice Schwartzsays istosettleforsomethingthatisgoodenoughandnotworryaboutthepossibilitythattheremightbesomethingbetter 知足 史沃兹说 就是认为事情已经很好了 并且不要总想着 可能还有更好的 5 Maximizersarepeoplewhoobsessovereverydecision whodon tknowhowtosatisfice 贪得无厌的人就是那些对每一个决定都患得患失 而从不知足的人 II Directions Decidewhetherthefollowingsentencestakenfromthearticlearefacts F orthewriter sopinions O 1 Manyofusandourchildrenworriedaboutgettingintocollegeandthattheseatsmightnotbecloseenoughtothe50 yardline 2 Thenatureofchoicesinmodernlifeispoisonous 3 FeelingsofhelplessnessamongAmericansshouldbedeclining 4 FeelingsofhelplessnessamongAmericansareincreasing F O O F 5 Onceacountryreachedacertainlevelofpercapitalwealth thelevelofhappinessofitsresidentswasnotaffectedbyincreasedaffluenceandaddedchoicesinlife 6 Goodmarriagesandfriendshipsreducechoice 7 Feelingsmattermorethanfacts andanunexaminedemotionalresponseisoftenabetterguidetoourlong termneedsthancarefulanalysisofourthoughts 8 Gratitudehasbeenprovenscientificallysopowerfulinenhancinghappiness O O F F SupplementaryReading Passage2 FundingInAmericanHigherEducation Directions choosethebestanswertoeachofthefollowingquestions 1 Thepassageismainlyconcernedwith a thelow incomestudentsinAmericancollegesb high incomestudentsandlow incomestudentsc studentsfromalleconomicbackgroundsinAmericancollegesd AmericanHi