陕西省咸阳市高考英语阅读理解（13）.doc

陕西省咸阳市2014高考英语阅读理解（13）及答案【广东省深圳高级中学】btaiwan police cannot decide whether to treat it as an extremely clever act of stealing or an even cleverer cheat (诈骗). either way, it could be the perfect crime (犯罪), because the criminals are birds-horning pigeons! there have been at least four such pigeon pick-ups in changwa. what at first seemed like the work of a clever stay-at-home car thief, however, may in fact be the work of an even lazier and more inventive criminal mind-one that avoids not only collecting money but going out to steal the car in the first place. police officer chen says that the criminal probably has played a double trick: he gets money for things he cannot possibly return. instead of stealing cars, he lets someone else do it and then waits for the car-owner to place an ad in the newspaper asking for help. the theory is supported by the fact that, so far, none of the stolen cars have been returned. also, the amount of money demanded-under 3,000 taiwanese dollars-seems too little for a car worth many times more. demands for pigeon-delivered money stopped as soon as the press reported the story. and even if they start again, chen holds little hope of catching the criminal. “we have more important things to do,” he said. 31. after the car owner received a phone call, he _. a. went to a certain pigeon and put some money in the bag it carried b. gave the money to the thief and had his car back in a park c. sent some money to the thief by maild. told the press about it 32. the “lazier and more inventive” criminal refers to _. a. the car thief who stays at homeb. one of those who put the ads in the paper c. one of the policemen in changwad. the owner of the pigeons 33. the writer mentions the fact that “none of the stolen cars have been returned” to show _. a. how easily people get fooled by criminalsb. what chen thinks might be correct c. the thief is extremely cleverd. the money paid is too little34. the underlined word “they” in the last paragraph refers to _. a. criminals b. pigeonsc. the stolen cars d. demands for money 35. we may infer from the text that the criminal knows how to reach the car owners because . a. he reads the ads in the newspaper b. he lives in the same neighborhood c. he has seen the car owners in the park d. he has trained the pigeons to follow them【参考答案】3135 adbda passage seventeen (a strong stock market) the increase in the margin rate from 50% to 70% was not an attempt to stem any rampant speculation on the part of the publicactually the market seemed technically quite strong, with public participation essentially dignifiedbut rather an attempt by the federal reserve board to preserve the sound underpinnings that existed in the market. naturally, such a move had a momentarily chilling effect upon prices but if the frb had been preoccupied with undue speculation, the increase might have been to the 80% or even 90% level. such an increases in the margin rate is a confirmation of a strong stock market and since 19,such increases have resulted in interim market highs over twelve months later. obviously, there could be no guarantee that this would once again be the case, but if history is any guidelineand if business and corporate earnings were to continue on the same coursecontinued optimism over the outlook for the stock market would seem more prudent than pessimism. the margin increase underscored the good rise that stocks had enjoyed for the previous yearand the fact that a 50% rate was maintained as long as it was pointed up the fact that the rise was mainly conservative in that it was concentrated in the blue chips for the most part. in past investment letters we have voiced the thought that speciality stocks could outperform the general market from this point. we continue to believe that this could be the case. for example, steel stocks tend to sell at certain fixed price/earnings ratios. below a certain ratio they are considered good valueabove a certain ratio, overpriced. if a company produces a unique product it is far more difficult for market analysis to place a numerical ratio upon the companys earnings. we have also contended in the past letters that the stock market reflects mass psychology as well as the business outlook. when investorsboth the public and the institutionsare nervous and pessimistic they definitely hesitate to buy stocks: they seek low price/earnings multiples and high yields. these same investorswhen they are in an optimistic frame of mindbecome for less preoccupied with yields and more wiling to pay a premium(high p/e multiples) for accelerated growth. if the publics attitude towards the auto industry is any measure, then this period seems to have been one of optimism.1. the title that best expresses the ideas of this passage is a. a time to sell stock. . a strong stock marketc. raising the margin rate c. price/earnings ratio in steel2. when investors are pessimistic what do they do?a. they look to the frb for help. . they buy steelc. they buy automobile stocks. d. they look for high yields.3. why does the writer believe that speciality stocks could outperform the general market?a. because analysis have difficulty in deciding upon a fixed price/earnings ratio. because the activity had been limited to blue chips.c. because the rise was conservative.d. because of the frb action.4. when investors are optimistic, what do they do?a. they look for accelerated growth. . they buy speciality stocks.c. they look for high yields. c. they are more prudent.vocabulary1. margin rate 保证金率，边际比率2. rampant 无约束力，猖獗的，蔓延的3. stem 遏制4. stem from 滋长，源自5. underpin 加强基础，支持6. underpinning 支持物，基础（建筑物下的）7. preoccupy 先占，使专心于，吸引住8. undue 过分的，非法的，不适当的9. interim 间歇；暂时的，间歇的10. guideline 方针，指导路线11. underscore 在下面划线，强调12. point up 加强，强调13. bluechip 兰筹股票14. blue-chip 兰筹的15. outperform 在使用上胜过16. overprice 将标价过高17. numerical ratio 数率，数字比率18. earnings 收益，利润，收入19. contend 竞争，坚决主张，争论20. premium 佣金，酬金难句译注1. the increase in the margin rate from 50% to 70% was not an attempt to stem any rampant speculation on the part of the publicactually the market seemed technically quite strong, with public participation essentially dignifiedbut rather an attempt by the federal reserve board to preserve the sound underpinnings that existed in the market.结构简析 是notbut句型，两个破折号中间是插入成分；中插入一个带with+n+participle 短语参考译文 保证金率从50%增长到70%，并不是想要遏制群众方面猖獗的投机，而是联邦储备委员会想要保持现存于股市强劲基础事实上股市由于群众非常庄严的参与在技术上看起来相当强劲。2. obviously, there could be no guarantee that this would once again be the case, but if history is any guidelineand if business and corporate earnings were to continue on the same coursecontinued optimism over the outlook for the stock market would seem more prudent than pessimism.结构简析 复合句。中间有插入语if clause, 进一步说明条件。参考译文 显然，不可能保证这种情况再次出现（情况再是这样）。可是，如果历史具有指导方针的话如果商业和公司的利润仍然保持在同样轨道上那么对股市前景乐观似乎要比悲观更精确些。3. the margin increase underscored the good rise that stocks had enjoyed for the previous yearand the fact that a 50% rate was maintained as long as it was pointed up the fact that the rise was mainly conservative in that it was concentrated in the blue chips for the most part.结构简析 这句句子内有四个that clause：第一个that是good rise的定语从句。第二个和第三个that都是the fact that句型。但第二个the fact that中，as long as it was, 指头一年，pointed up是谓语。第四个是in that连词，义：因为。写作方法与文章大意 文章论述“强劲证券市场”的种种情况。首先是联邦储备委员会为保持强股市基础要求保证金率增长。这种增长过去，现在，将来都能巩固强市。其次由于绝大部分集中在兰筹股上，使股市看好上升趋于保守，引出行业股比普通股吃香。最后是投资者心情和股市强弱有关。答案祥解1. b. 强劲证券市场（强市）。见难句译注1和第一段第三句：“那种保证金率的增长有力的巩固了强劲证券市场。从19年起，这种增长导致一年来股市屡创新高。a. 买出股票的时候。 c. 提高保证金率。 d. 钢的市盈率。这三项都不对，它们只是文中涉及的方面。2. d. 他寻找高业绩（即公司的产量或投资收益）。见文章倒数第三句：“当投资者公众和团体机构紧张而又悲观时，他们肯定在买进股票上举棋不定；他们寻求低价格/利润倍数和高额利润。a. 他们寻求联邦储备委员会的帮助。 b. 他们买进钢材。 c. 他们买进汽车股票。3. a. 因为在决定定价/利润比上难以分析。见第二段第二句：“在过去的投资保证上我们一直表达了这样的思想：行业股票在使用上可能超过普通股。我们依然相信情况可能就是这样。举例说：钢股往往在一定价格/利润比上抛出。低于一定比率，可认为股是好价值，而高于一定比率就是超价。如果一个公司就生产独一无二的产品，那市场分析就很难对公司所得定出数比。“b. 因为股市活动受兰筹股所限。 c. 因为行情上升保守。这两项见难句译注3。 d. 由于联邦储备基金会的行动。4. a. 他们寻求加速的增长。见文章倒数第二句：“同样是这些股民，当投资者（对股市前景）持乐观态度时，他们不太关注（公司的）业绩（产值）而愿意以高价来购买具有高成长性的股票。”【2013界崇明县】（c）thirty years ago, public health officials in the united states reported on the first cases of what came to be known as aids.but today an estimated sixteen and a half million children have lost one or both parents to aids. millions more live with adults who are sick from aids.lucie cluver from oxford university in england has studied children of aids(aids orphaned children and children living with sick adults) in south africa. she says children can be deeply affected by their experiences. and one of the biggest impacts we see is mental health, their psychological health. so, for example, we see that aids orphaned children have very much higher levels of depression, anxiety and stress disorder than children who have a live parent or children whose parents have died of other causes. lucie cluver says children have to live with the sense of shame connected to aids. many are abused(欺负) at school or excluded from the community.children living with sick adults are more likely to live in poverty and face physical and emotional abuse. also, lucie cluver says the children often become the caregivers. theyre missing school to go and get medication. theyre often taking them to the toilet, cleaning their wounds or washing their bedclothes. so these kids find it very stressful and upsetting. theyre very worried about the health and feel responsible for the health of the sick person. close contact with sick adults can sometimes spread tuberculosis(肺结核) or other diseases. and, as lucie cluver said, even when the children are in school, paying attention can be difficult. its constantly on their minds and really making it difficult for them to do well at school. she calls for testing more children for tuberculosis. she also calls for giving more parents the drugs needed to keep them healthy longer with hiv, the virus that causes aids.there are programs to help children, but there is “far more to be done.” interventions(干预治疗) and support groups are “urgently needed” for those orphaned by aids or living with sick adults. but the evidence for which interventions are effective “is still thin”.72. the topic of the passage is _. a. children of aids doing badly at schoolb. more and more children suffering from aids c. children of aids facing mental problemsd. an increasing number of people dying of aids73. according to lucie cluver, aids orphaned children have very much higher levels of depression mainly because they _. a. have a sense of shame connected to aids b. cannot focus their attention on study at school c. are more likely to be affected with tuberculosis d. often have to miss school to look after their sick parents74. we can infer from the last paragraph that _. a. enough has been done for children of aids b. interventions prove very effective for children of aids c. nothing can be done to help children except interventions d. interventions may be useful for helping children of aids75. which of the following is true according to the passage? a. the first case of aids occurred 30 years ago. b. children whose parents are infected with aids often help with housework. c. children whose parents have died of causes other than aids dont have stress disorder. d. children dont have psychological problems when their parents are still alive with hiv.【参考答案】72. c 73. a 74. d 75. b directions: read the following three passages. each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. for each of them there are four choices marked a, b, c and d. choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.【2013界长宁区质量抽测】(a)when i was in college, a man named henry worked as a custodian (看门人) in our student union building. white-haired, with a pennsylvania dutch accent, henry could usually be seen in a baseball cap, a t-shirt and a pair of jeans.he was the custodian, and he was the most respected and most well-known person in the building. everyone loved henry, and it was because of all the implicit ways he expressed his love for everyone around him. henry didnt have to say, “i love you.” he lived his love.henry was always excited when he met someone new, and he wanted to know everything about them. he felt it was important to do things for people he valued. and henry seemed to value everyone he met. he brought in articles or cartoons for certain people, went out of his way to introduce people to each other, kept dozens of names and birthdays in his wallet so he could send cards, and helped students keep in touch with graduates who had written to him. he even assisted students who didnt have enoug