状语从句-林静雅.doc

状语从句-林静雅课程目标：掌握状语从句的用法及其考点 课程重点：学习八大状语从句 课程内容：一、什么是状语？状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。 1. Sun Yang cried sadly. 2. Naturally, our grandparents were pleased to get our phone call. 3. Bolt runs like a gust of wind. 4. Seen from a distance, the old house looked deserted. 5. I know how to light a camp fire because I have done it before. 状语的位置比较灵活，可以位于句首、句末或句中。二、什么是状语从句？状语从句在复合句中作状语，修饰另外一个句子。状语从句可以表示时间、条件、原因、地点、目的、结果、让步、方式、比较等意义。例如： Many tourists like to travel in Chongqing. （简单句）There are delicious food and beautiful girls there. （简单句）Many tourists like to travel in Chongqing because there are delicious food and beautiful girls there.（原因状语从句） 下面，分别来看各个状语从句的用法 （一）时间状语从句：1、when，while, as的用法和区别When引导的时间状语从句，当主句为一般现在时的时候，从句为一般现在时或现在进行时。例如When you are crossing the street, you must be careful. 你过马路的/doc/fe55bf7b680203d8cf2f24a1.html时候一定要小心。 造句练习：看电影的时候请将手机调成静音。饿的时候可以点外卖。 When引导的时间状语从句，当主句是现在进行时的时候，从句为一般现在时或现在进行时。例如：The fans are shouting excitedly when they see their idol. When引导的时间状语从句，当主句是一般将来时的时候，从句用一般现在时。例如 1) Ill wake you up when teacher comes in.造句练习： （1）当我到了美国，我会给你写信的。（2）当你老了(PPT中超链接该歌曲，播放前面两句) 当你老了，头发白了，睡意昏沉，我还是依然爱你。 当你老了，走不动了，炉火旁打着盹回忆青春，我还是依然爱你。(感兴趣的同学可以回去找出叶芝的when you are old的英文诗歌，对照当你老了这首歌来读一读)When引导的时间状语从句，当主句为一般过去时的时候，从句为一般过去时或过去进行时。 例如：When he was a child he was always trying out new ideas. 他小时候就常常试验一些新的设想。When I got to Chongqing, I finally understood why it was called “Mountain City”. 当我来到了重庆，我终于明白了为什么它被称作“山城”。 总结：when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的，也可以是非延续性的While引导时间状语从句常译为“与同时，在期间”。While引导的从句常用延续性动词或者表示状态的动词。如：/doc/fe55bf7b680203d8cf2f24a1.htmlThey rushed in while/when we were discussing problems.While the basketball players are competing in the court, the fans are cheering for them. as引导时间状语从句可以表达“正当，一边一边，随着”等意思。如：We get wiser as we get older.Helen heard the story as she was washing the clothes.注意 ：1）when和as都可用于非延续性的动词，而while不能2）when可表示瞬间，也可表示时间段 ，与主句所陈述的动作、事情可同时发生，也可有先后；while常用于连接同时进行的两个延续性动词相伴随而发生的动作；as不指先后，尤指两个动作或事件同时发生。如： The film had been on when we arrived.My mother was cooking while I was doing my homework. As I left the house, I forgot the key.练习：用when, while或as填空1. Kitty was making a snowman Jim was taking photos. 2. the telephone rang, the Browns were having dinner. 3. Millie walked along the road, she sang a song.4. Jims wallet fell on the ground we were running to the bus stop. 【2015山西】(完形填空节选)My mother may h/doc/fe55bf7b680203d8cf2f24a1.htmlave said more, but I didnt hear. I didnt hear anything those terrible words: Leave me alone. My dad said them in order to himself. He didnt want to be hurt more. How much had I hurt him I shouted out those words at him earlier in the day? 1) A except B among C towards 2) A hide B save C express 3) A when B until C before2、before与afterbefore表示“在之前”，after表示“在之后”。如：(当主句为一般将来时的时候，从句为一般现在时)I will always work hard before I enter Peking University. It will take a long time before we finish this dictionary.（我们需要很长的时间才能把这部词典 编译完） 造句练习：运动员要花很多年刻苦训练才能成为世界冠军。 She showed me many beautiful stamps after I got to her home. 【2015浙江温州中考】Mr. Smith has a habit of taking a shower he has breakfast. A. though B. before C. because D. since 【2015江苏常州中考】-Jenny, will you leave for the USA now?-/doc/fe55bf7b680203d8cf2f24a1.html-No. It will be two weeks I leave here. A. until B. since C. before D. when3、until/till的用法都表示“直到”，常可换用，但till不用于句首。A until B，表示B动词开始的时候A动作停止。例如：Ill always protect you until you grow up. You may stay here until the rain stops.（你可以在这里一直待到雨停。）notuntil表示“直到才”。如： She didnt know the result until the reporter told her.（直到记着告诉她，她才知道比赛结果。） （给学生连接视频）翻译：“山无棱，天地合，才敢与君绝。”（直到山没有了棱角，天与地合为一体，我才会与你分开。）I wouldnt break up with you until the mountains had no edges and the earth and the sky cameinto one.【2014江苏启东中学一模】-Why do you bring your own meals to school every day?-Because of the earthquake, we cant have meals at school the new dining hall iscompleted.A. until B. when C. if D. since4、since引导时间状语从句，表示“自以来”，/doc/fe55bf7b680203d8cf2f24a1.html主句用一般现在时或现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。如：I have worked in this company since I graduated from Peking University. 【2015重庆中考B卷】Miss Lin has taught us English we came to this school. A. for B. since C. before D. when 【2015浙江杭州中考】I scared of dogs ever since a dog hurt me when I was five years old. A. will be B. was C. have been D. would be 【2014安徽中考】Rick has learned a lot about Chinese culture he came to China. A. before B. when C. until D. since 5. as soon as表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即发生，意为“一就”，该从句经常 用一般现在时表示将来。如： As soon as EXO arrive, the fans will rush to them.【2015四川成都中考】 Wu Yi will help with the housework he gets home after school. A. since B. while C. as soon as 根据汉语提示完成句子我一到北京就会给你写信。I to you I arrive in Beijing. 为什么你一看见我就要躲起来？Why do you yo/doc/fe55bf7b680203d8cf2f24a1.htmlurself you see me?（二）条件状语从句： 1、if含if引导的条件状语从句中，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。（主将从现） Ill visit the Great Wall if it doesnt rain tomorrow. Ill buy you an ice-cream if you dont tell mom the secret. 听歌填词my love will get you home If the bright lights blinds your eyes 如果太炫目的光芒灼伤你的眼睛 My love will get you home 我的爱将带你回家If your troubles break your stride 如果困难阻断你前进的步伐 My love will get you home 我的爱将带你回家 If you ever find yourself 如果你找回自己 Lost and all alone 迷失和孤独Get back on your feet and think of me 回来并记起我 My love will get you home Boy 我的爱将带你回家，男孩 My love will get you home 我的爱将带你回家 If you ever feel ashame 如果你曾感觉困窘 My love will get you home 我的爱将带你回家 If its only you to blame 如果你被责怪 My love will get you home 我的爱将带你回家 If you ever find yourself 如果你找回自己 Lost and all alone 迷失和孤独Get back on your feet and think of me 回来并记起我 My love will get you hom/doc/fe55bf7b680203d8cf2f24a1.htmle Boy 我的爱将带你回家，男孩 My love will get you home 我的爱将带你回家 If you ever find yourself 如果你找回自己 Lost and all alone 迷失和孤独Get back on your feet and think of me 回来并记起我 My love will get you home Boy 我的爱将带你回家，男孩 My love will get you home Boy 我的爱将带你回家，男孩 My love will get you home 我的爱将带你回家 【2015江西中考】There will be less pollution more people use public transportation. A. but B. though C. unless D. if 【2015江苏连云港中考】You can see many aunts dancing together on the square if it in the evening. A. doesnt rain B. rains C. will rain D. wont rain 【2016山东临沂期中统考】I dont know he comes, Ill tell you. A. if; Whether B. whether; Whether C. if; That D. if; If 2. unlessunless意为“除非，如果不”，相当于“ifnot”注意：unless和if一样，如果主句是一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时来代替将来，即符合“主将从现”的原则。Unless it rains, the game will be played. = If it rains, the game will not be playe/doc/fe55bf7b680203d8cf2f24a1.htmld. Unless you go at once, you will be late. = If you go at once, you wont be late.Dont ask me to explain unless you really dont understand. 【2015甘肃兰州中考】She says that shell have to close the shop business improves. A. if B. or C. unless D. because 【2015河南安阳一模】We cant avoid traffic accidents everyone follows the rules. A. unless B. if C. until D. though 【2013安徽安庆】Susan wont arrive at the airport on time she hurries up. A. once B. if C. or D. unless 3. as long as意为“只要”，也遵循“主将从现”的原则As long as I am alive, I will go on studying. 只要我活着，我就要学习。 As long as we show our love, the world will be full of happiness. 听歌填词as long as you love me1. because/ because ofbecause表示因果关系的语气最强，用来回答why的问句，所引出的原因往往是听话人所不知道或最感兴趣的，because引导的原因状语从句往往比主句显得更重要。 because是连词，后面跟句子。如：We all love her because she is too funny.://doc/fe55bf7b680203d8cf2f24a1.html Thats because I was too nervous.because of是复合介词，后面接名词、代词、动名词等不接完整的句子。 He is here because of you. He lost his job because of his age. She was crying because of what he said. 注意：because因为，引导原因状语从句，so所以，用于并列句，不能同时出现在一个句子里，只能用其一。如：Because he was tired, he couldnt walk here. = He was tired, so he couldnt walk here. 【2015浙江杭州中考】We didnt enjoy the day the weather was so bad. A. because B. though C. unless D. till 【2016天津宝坻区第八中学第一次月考】 a bad storm, the plane didnt arrive on time. A. Because B. In spite of C. Because of D. For 根据汉语意思完成句子： 那场比赛因大雨而被取消了。The match was cancelled the heavy rain. 2. since引出的原因往往是人们已知的事实，因此经常译成“既然”，通常放在句首。since引导的从句是次要的，重点强调主句的内容。如： Since Monday is Bobs birthday, lets give him a party. Since everyone is here, lets begin. 3. as引出的理由在说话人看来已经很明显，或已为听话人所熟悉而不需要用because加以强调。as引导的从句与主/doc/fe55bf7b680203d8cf2f24a1.html句具有同等的重要性。如： She didnt hear us come in as she was asleep. （四）目的状语从句：引导目的状语从句的词或词组有：so that, in order that, so as to, in order to so that/ in order that 句子 so as to/ in order to do sth.Finish this so that you can start another.He must get up early so that he can go to work on time. He worked day and night in order that he could succeed. = He worked day and night in order to succeed. 【2016天津宝坻区第八中学第一次月考】Lingling got up early she could catch up the early bus. A. so that B. in order to C. but D. because 按要求完成句子：Mike sat in the front of the classroom so that he could see the blackboard clearly.Mike sat in the front of the classroom see the blackboard clearly. （五）结果状语从句：1. 由sothat, suchthat（如此以至于）引导，区别为： so 形容词/副词 thatso 形容词 a/an 单数名词 that such a/an 形容词 单数名词 that such 形容词 复数名词/不可数名词 that She is such a lovely girl /doc/fe55bf7b680203d8cf2f24a1.htmlthat we love her very much. = She is so lovely a girl that we love her very much. = She is so lovely that we love her very much. They are such lovely girls that we all love them. 练习：看图，并用so/suchthat造句 【2015辽宁沈阳中考】The Silk Road was long that it passed through many countries. A. quite B. too C. very D. so 2. sothat句型的否定形式可用简单句tooto或notenough to代替。如：He is so young that he cant go to school. = He is too young to go to school. = He is not enough old to go to school. 按要求完成句子：1) The math problem is too difficult for me to work out.（同义句转换） The math problem is difficult I work it out.2) 【2014江苏南通第一次月考】Martin was so excited at the news that he couldnt fall asleep. Martin was excited at the news fall asleep. 根据含义意思完成句子：他跑得太快，以至于我们都追不上他。He ran we couldnt catch up with him. （六）地点状语从句：://doc/fe55bf7b680203d8cf2f24a1.htmlparPut it where we can all see it.把它放在我们都能看到的位置。 We live where the climate is hot.Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竟成。 （七）让步状语从句： 1. though/ although“虽然，尽管”，表让步，可以互换，但although语气较重，大多置于句首，但不能与but连用。Though he is in poor health, he works hard. 虽然他身体不好，但是他工作很努力。 Although he was Japanese, he spent most of his life in China. Though she didnt get the gold medal, she was still very happy. 【2015安徽中考】-What do you think of your Junior Middle School life? I am always busy. A. if B. though C. while D. until 【2015黑龙江哈尔滨中考】the winter