writing-for-myself-文章讲解.ppt

byJade WritingforMyself UnitOneBookOne TextA byJade UnitOneTextA WritingforMyself 1 Introductionoftheauthor 2 CulturalBackground 4 AbstractoftheText 3 Textorganization 5 TextAstudy 6 SummaryofTextA byJade RussellBaker 1925 1 TheIntroductionofRussellBaker byJade 1 TheIntroductionofRussellBaker APulitzerPrizewinner普利策奖Anawardforachievementsinnewspaperandonlinejournalism literature andmusicalcompositionintheUnitedStates Distinguishachievements byJade Discourseanalysis Whattypeisthisessay AnarrationBdescriptionCexpositionDargumentation 记叙文描写文说明文议论文 byJade Discourseanalysis Whatsequence patterndoestheauthorfollowtocomposetheessay Aproblem solutionBcause effectCgeneral specificDtime chronologicalsequence 问题 解决 问答 因果概括 具体时间顺序 Scanthetext trytofindoutallthetimewords expressionsandclauses byJade Whatisthestory Retellplease sincemychildhoodinBelleville Para 1 untilmythirdyearinhighschool Para 1 whenourclasswasassignedtoMr Fleagleforthird yearEnglish Para 2 lateintheyear Para 3 untilthenightbeforetheessaywasdue Para 3 whenIfinished Para 6 nextmorning Para 6 twodayspassed Para 6 whenIsawhimliftmypaperfromhisdesk Para 6 whenMr Fleaglefinished Para 9 byJade Detailedlearning byJade TheideaofbecomingawriterhadcometomeoffandonsincemychildhoodinBelleville butitwasn tuntilmythirdyearinhighschoolthatthepossibilitytookhold 从孩提时代 我还住在贝尔维尔时 我的脑子里就断断续续地转着当作家的念头 但直等到我高中三年级 这一想法才有了实现的可能 thepossibilityofbecomingawriter Paragraph1 1 byJade WordsandExpressions offandon onandoff fromtimetotime nowandagain irregularly 有时 不时地 断断续续地 他昨晚熬夜了 所以他在课堂上不时地打瞌睡 Hestayeduplatelastnight That swhyhedozedonandoffinclass byJade takehold ideas habits takenhold Badhabitsdiehard That swhyyoushouldstopsmokingbeforethehabittakeshold WordsandExpressions 生根 确立 becomeestablished 坏习惯很难摆脱 这就是为什么 所以你在 抽烟 习惯养成前应该戒烟 byJade UntilthenI vebeenboredbyeverythingassociatedwithEnglishcourses IfoundEnglishgrammardullanddifficult Ihatedtheassignmentstoturnoutlong lifelessparagraphsthatwereagonyforteacherstoreadandformetowrite 在这之前 我对所有跟英文课沾边的事都感到腻味 我痛恨那些长而乏味的段落写作 老师读着受累 我写着痛苦 Paragraph1 2 byJade bore 烦的要死Boredtodeath 饿得要命Hungrytodeath WordsandExpressions makesb feeltiredandloseinterest Pattern 使 人 厌烦 byJade associate vt 人们经常把中国和长城 埃及与金字塔联系起来 PeopleoftenassociateChinawiththeGreatWall andEgyptwithpyramids joinorconnecttogether connectorbringinthemind WordsandExpressions 联系 联想 byJade Derivations WordsandExpressions associate vt 联系 联想 派生词 anassociateprofessor editor byJade Ihatedtheassignmentstoturnoutlong lifelessparagraphsthatwereagonyforteacherstoreadandformetowrite 我痛恨那些长而乏味的段落写作 老师读着受累 我写着痛苦 compose write写作 painful Ifounditpainfultowritelong boringessaysasrequiredbyteachers neitherdidteachersenjoywhatIwrote Difficultsentences homework作业 byJade turnout Americanfilmstudiosturnouthundredsoffilmseveryyear 1 produce make WordsandExpressions 培养 生产 制造 Theschoolhasturnedoutsomegreatscholars byJade WordsandExpressions turnout 2 prove tobe 结果是 证明为 Theweatherreportsaiditwouldberaining butitturnedoutafineday Theplanturnedout tobe afailure byJade WordsandExpressions turnout 3 shutoff switchoff 关掉 熄灭 Pleaseturnoutthelightbeforeyougotobed byJade ParagraphOne HeadingofParaOne Baker sFeelingsaboutEnglishCourses byJade Detailedlearning Whendidthestorytakeplace Howoldistheauthor byJade 2 CulturalBackground GradeschoolsintheU S U S studentsgenerallygothroughKindergartenelementaryschool to5thor6thgrade middleschool grades6 8 orjuniorhighschools grades7 9 highschools grades9 12or10 12 thethirdyearinhighschool Para1 equals theeleventhgrade Para9 byJade WhenourclasswasassignedtoMr Fleagleforthird yearEnglishIanticipatedanothercheerlessyearinthatmosttediousofsubjects 弗利格尔先生接我们的高三英文课时 我就准备着在这门最最单调乏味的课上再熬上沉闷的一年 Paragraph2 1 Whatinformationwegetfromthisphrase BeforeMr FleaglebecameBaker sEnglishteacher allEnglishcoursesweredullorboring Paraphrasethissentence WhenitwasdecidedthatMr FleaglewouldteachusEnglishdruingmythirdyearinhighschool IexpectedtheEnglishcoursetobeasboringasbefore byJade Synonyms 劳拉觉得乔治很无趣 所以决定不再见他 LaurafoundGeorgetobetediousanddecidednottoseehimanymore boring WordsandExpressions tedious boringandlastingforalongtime 令人厌倦的 乏味的 烦人的 dull deadly byJade Mr Fleaglehadareputationamongstudentsfordullnessandinabilitytoinspire Hewassaidtobeveryformal rigidandhopelesslyoutofdate 费利格尔先生在学生中以其说话干巴和激励学生无术而出名 据说他拘谨刻板 完全落后于时代 Paragraph2 2 old fashioned sbissaid reported believedtobe do 据说 据报道 人们认为 相信 Itissaidthat Opposite up to date最新的fashionable时尚的 byJade Othercollocations establish buildup makereputation树立 博得声誉 WordsandExpressions reputation Haveareputationfor卓别林以喜剧而著名 名声 声誉 名气 ruinreputation损害名誉 byJade ThePresident sspeechinspiredusgreatly WordsandExpressions inspire fill sb withconfidence eagerness etc 激励 启发 赋予 灵感 Derivatives inspiration灵感 Geniusis10 inspirationand90 perspiration 汗水 byJade Tomehelookedtobesixtyorseventyandexcessivelyprim Heworeprimlysevereeyeglasses hiswavyhairwasprimlycutandprimlycombed Heworeprimsuitswithnecktiesprimlyagainstthecollarbuttonsofhiswhiteshirts Hehadaprimlypointedjaw aprimlystraightnose andaprimmannerofspeakingthatwassocorrect sogentlemanly thatheseemedacomicantique Howmany prim or primly areused Translatethemplease Paragraph2 3 我看他有六七十岁了 古板之极 他戴着古板的毫无装饰的眼镜 微微卷曲的头发剪得笔齐 梳得纹丝不乱 他身穿古板的套装 白衬衣领扣外的领带打得一丝不苟 他长着古板的尖下巴 古板的直鼻梁 说起话来一本正经 字斟句酌 彬彬有礼 活脱脱一个滑稽的老古董 byJade Mr Fleagle dullness inabilityformal rigid outofdate excessivelyprimsixtyorseventyprimlyseverewavy primlycut primlycombedprimsuitwith primlypointedprimlystraightprim correct gentlemanly Reputaion Impression Age Eyeglasses Hair Clothes Jaw Nose Mannerofspeaking byJade Tomehelookedtobesixtyorseventyandexcessivelyprim Heworeprimlysevereeyeglasses hiswavyhairwasprimlycutandprimlycombed Heworeprimsuitswithnecktiesprimlyagainstthecollarbuttonsofhiswhiteshirts Hehadaprimlypointedjaw aprimlystraightnose andaprimmannerofspeakingthatwassocorrect sogentlemanly thatheseemedacomicantique Paragraph2 3 我看他有六七十岁了 古板之极 他戴着古板的毫无装饰的眼镜 微微卷曲的头发剪得笔齐 梳得纹丝不乱 他身穿古板的套装 白衬衣领扣外的领带打得一丝不苟 他长着古板的尖下巴 古板的直鼻梁 说起话来一本正经 字斟句酌 彬彬有礼 活脱脱一个滑稽的老古董 byJade Describingpeople Describingapersondoesnotusuallymeangivingadetaileddescriptionofaperson sphysicalappearance Abetterwaytoanswerthequestionistosaywhatsortofpersonheorsheisandperhapstomentionafewnoticeablecharacteristics byJade Describingaperson How 1 Whoishe 2 Hisphysicaldescription3 Hisclothing4 Hispersonality5 Hisbackground 1 Generalpersonalimpression2 Age3 Height weight buildorfigure4 Face hair eyes complexion 1 Interests sports andhobbies2 Theirlifesofar achievements family byJade Crayonisafamouscartoonimage whichispopularamongyouth Heisatinylittleboy Notmuchthan100cmtall withplumroundcheeksandbigeyes Hewearsablueschooluniform withamatchinghat Heisverynaughtyandcute byJade byJade SisterLotusSheisaninternetcelebrity star Sheisaplumpwoman withlongwavyhairandpink and whitecheeks Sheisspicyinaway withafancyeveningdress byJade ParagraphTwo HeadingofPara 2 Baker sImpressionofHisNewEnglishTeacher PartOne MainIdea byJade PartOne MainIdea Para1 Para2 ThemainideaofPartOne Bakerwasboredbyeverythingassociatedwith including Englishcourses essaywriting Baker sfeelingaboutEnglishcourses Baker simpressionofhisnewEnglishteacher byJade IpreparedforanunfruitfulyearwithMr Fleagleandforalongtimewasnotdisappointed 我作好准备 打算在费利格尔先生的班上一无所获地混上一年 不少日子过去了 还真不出所料 Paragraph3 1 一无所获 无所事事 Whatdoestheauthorreallymeanbysaying Iwasnotdisappointed HemeansthathisexpectationwasrightthatMr Fleagle slessonsweredull byJade Lateintheyearwetackledtheinformalessay Mr Fleagledistributedahome worksheetofferingusachoiceoftopics 后半学期我们学写随笔小品文 弗利格尔先生发下一张家庭作业纸 出了不少题目供我们选择 Paragraph3 2 byJade Toshibahasrecentlydesignedarobotthatcantacklealmostanykindsofhousework tackle WordsandExpressions deal copewith东芝设计了一种机器人 几乎可以处理所有的家务 应付 处理 解决 byJade 这种工厂遍布全国 ThiskindofplantisdistributedinmanyareasinChina WordsandExpressions distribute divideandgiveoutamongpeople places etc 分发 分配 分送 分布 distributeleaflets distributetestpapers distributesamples 散传单 送样品 发试卷 byJade Nonewasquitesosimple mindedas WhatIDidonMySummerVacation butmostseemedtobealmostasdull Itookthelisthomeanddidnothinguntilthenightbeforetheessaywasdue 我把作文题带回家 但一直到要交作业的前一天晚上还什么也没写 Paragraph3 3 silly dull 记暑假一件事 暑假见闻 暑假二三事 Whatcanweinferfromthissentence Bakerwasunwillingtowritehisessay byJade 书明天到期 Thebookisduetomorrow Whenistherentdue WordsandExpressions due tobe scheduled arrangedorexpected foracertaintimeordate 预定 约定 预期 该 的 byJade WordsandExpressions dueto owingto becauseof 由于 由 引起 Theaccidentwasduetocarelessdriving Theteam ssuccesswaslargelyduetotheeffortsofallitsmembers byJade Lyingonthesofa Ifinallyfaceduptotheunwelcometask tookthelistoutofmynotebook andscannedit Thetopiconwhichmyeyestoppedwas TheArtofEatingSpaghetti 我躺在沙发上 最终不得不面对这一讨厌的功课 便从笔记本里抽出作文题目单粗粗一看 我的目光落在 吃意大利细面条的艺术 这个题目上 Paragraph3 4 byJade SpaghettiwithtomatosauceIseatingSpaghettianart ForChinese hardtoimagine Forwesterners Spaghettiisthestaplefood Yes byJade Eatingspaghettiwithaforkandaspoon Apoliteway Twirltheforktogatherthespaghettiaroundtheprongs chopsticks byJade 既然你女儿已经出生了 你就应该承担起做父亲的责任 Inthecompetitivesociety wewillhavetofaceuptoeverychallengebeforeus Nowthatyourdaughterisborn you llhavetofaceuptotheresponsibilitiesofbeingafather faceupto WordsandExpressions bebraveenoughtoaccept dealwith 勇敢地接受或对付 byJade Othercollocations faceuptothefactthat WordsandExpressions faceupto 勇敢地接受或对付 faceuptoaproblem faceuptoadifficulty byJade ParagraphThree HeadingofPara 3 ATopicThatAttractsBaker sAttention byJade Thistitleproducedanextra ordinarysequenceofmentalimages 这个题目在我脑海里唤起了一连串不同寻常的图像 Paragraph4 1 byJade WordsandExpressions sequence setofevents numbers actions etc inaparticularorder 一连串相关的事物 次序 顺序 AsequenceofbadharvestsforcedsomeAfricancountriestoaskforforeignaid 连续的欠收迫使一些非洲国家请求外国援助 byJade WordsandExpressions sequence 一连串相关的事物 次序 顺序 Othercollocations asequenceofdancemovements asequenceofgoodharvests insequenceinrapidsequenceinregularsequence 连续的舞蹈动作 舞步 连续的大丰收 连续地 有序地 一个接一个地 紧接着 有条不紊地 按次序 byJade Manypopstarstrytoimprovetheirpublicimagebyparticipatingincharityevents Othercollocation self image自我形像 WordsandExpressions image apictureformedinthemind 形像 印象 图象 byJade VividmemoriescamefloodingbackofanightinBellevillewhenallofuswereseatedaroundthesuppertable UncleAllen mymother UncleCharlie Doris UncleHal andAuntPatservedspaghettiforsupper Spaghettiwasstillalittleknownforeigndishinthosedays NeitherDorisnorIhadevereatenspaghetti andnoneoftheadultshadenoughexperiencetobegoodatit Paragraph4 2 生动的 栩栩如生的 byJade VividmemoriescamefloodingbackofanightinBellevillewhenallofuswereseatedaroundthesuppertable UncleAllen mymother UncleCharlie Doris UncleHal andAuntPatservedspaghettiforsupper Difficultsentence Vividmemoriescamefloodingback 清晰的回忆如潮水一般涌来 VividmemoriesofanightinBellevillewhenallofus camefloodingback 贝尔维尔之夜的清晰的回忆如潮水一般涌来 当时 我们 byJade AllthegoodhumorofUncleAllen shousereawokeinmymindasIrecalledthelaughingargumentswehadthatnightaboutthesociallyrespectablemethodformovingspaghettifromplatetomouth 艾伦舅舅家诙谐有趣的场景全都重现在我的脑海中 我回想起来 当晚我们笑作一团 争论着该如何地把面条从盘子上送到嘴里才算合乎礼仪 respectable sociallyacceptable可敬的 体面的C f respectrespectablerespectfulrespective Paragraph4 3 byJade Irecognizethefacebutcan trecallhername Idon trecallevermeetingher 我认出这张脸 但不记得她的名字 我不记得见过她 WordsandExpressions recall 1 bringbacktomind remember Pattern n v ing that clause 回想起 回忆起 byJade ParagraphFour HeadingofPara4VividMemoriestheTitleBroughtBack Thisparagraphservesasaflashback byJade SuddenlyIwantedtowriteaboutthat aboutthewarmthandgoodfeelingofit butIwantedtoputitdownsimplyformyownjoy notforMr Fleagle ItwasamomentIwantedtorecaptureandholdformyself Iwantedtorelivethepleasureofthatevening 突然我就想描述那一切 描述当时那种温馨美好的气氛 但我把它写下来仅仅是想自得其乐 而不是为菲利戈尔先生而写 那时我想重新捕捉并珍藏在心中的一个时刻 我想重温那个夜晚的愉快 Paragraph5 1 writedown Howmany wanted areused Thinkaboutthefunctionoftherepetitionhere byJade TowriteitasIwanted however wouldviolatealltherulesofformalcompositionI dlearnedinschool andMr Fleaglewouldsurelygiveitafailinggrade Nevermind IwouldwritesomethingelseforMr FleagleafterIhadwrittenthisthingformyself 然而 照我希望的那样去写 就会违反我在学校里学的正式作文的种种法则 弗利格尔先生也肯定会打它一个不及格 Paragraph5 2 byJade 这些发现违背了物理原则 Othercollocations Thesefindingsappeartoviolatethelawsofphysics violateagreements oath humanrights one sprivacy acountry ssovereignty Derivatives violationn violate WordsandExpressions actagainst break arule disturb 违背 违反 侵犯 byJade ParagraphFive HeadingofPara 5 Baker sSuddenDesiretowriteaboutthatTopic PartTwo MainIdea byJade PartTwo MainIdea Para3 Para4 Para5 atopicthatattractsBaker sattention vividmemoriesthetitlebroughtback Baker ssuddendesiretowriteaboutthetopic Bakerfoundhimselfattractedby andwroteaboutit ThemainideaofPartTwo oneparticulartopic forhisownjoy byJade WhenIfinisheditthenightwashalfgoneandtherewasnotimelefttocomposeaproper respectableessayforMr Fleagle 等我写完时已是半夜时分 再没时间为弗利格尔先生写一篇循规蹈矩 像模像样的文章了 WhatcanIdo Paragraph6 1 byJade JohnLennoncomposedthesong BeautifulBoy forhisson WordsandExpressions compose 1 writeorcreate music poetry etc 写作 创作 谱曲 约翰为他的儿子写了一首歌 byJade compose comprise consist makeup constitute include contain c f WordsandExpressions compose 2 makeup form 构成 组成 Themedicalteamiscomposedofthreedoctorsandtwonurses byJade TherewasnochoicenextmorningbuttoturninmytaleoftheBellevillesupper TwodayspassedbeforeMr Fleaglereturnedthegradedpapers andhereturnedeveryone sbutmine 第二天上午 我别无选择 只好把我为自己而写的贝尔维尔晚餐的故事交了上去 Therewasnochoicebuttodosth Icoulddonothingbutdosth Whatwouldbetheresult Paragraph6 2 byJade turnon off down up back out over to WordsandExpressions turnin handin workthatonehasdone etc 交 作业 Youarerequiredtoturninyourhomeworkintime Foryourfinalgrade eachofyoumustturnina5 pagecomposition c f byJade IwaspreparingmyselfforacommandtoreporttoMr FleagleimmediatelyafterschoolfordisciplinewhenIsawhimliftmypaperfromhisdeskandknockfortheclass sattention 我正准备着遵命一放学就去弗利格尔先生那儿挨训 却看见他从桌上拿起我的作文 敲了敲桌子让大家注意听 What sthefunctionof when inthesentence Paragraph6 3 byJade IwaspreparingmyselfforacommandtoreporttoMr Fleagleimmediatelyafterschoolfordiscipline DifficultSentence IwassurethatMr Fleaglewouldordermetoseehimsoonafterschoolforthepurposeofpunishingme WhydidBakerthinkthathewouldbepunished BecausetohismindthistimehehadviolatedtherulesofformalcompositionandMr Fleaglereturnedeveryone sessaysbuthis byJade WordsandExpressions command 1 n order 命令 指令 Thepresidentgavethecommandthatallprisonersofwarshouldbewelltreated 2 n possessionandmastery 掌握 控制 运用能力 HehasagoodcommandofEnglishlanguage byJade Thecaptaincommandedhismentoleavetheshipimmediately Thekingcommandedthatthevictorydaybecomeanationalholiday 3 v giveanorderto WordsandExpressions command 命令 指令 byJade WordsandExpressions discipline n punishment orderkept amongschool children soldiers etc 惩罚 处分 纪律 磨练 Collocations couragewithoutdiscipline 匹夫之勇 蛮勇 enforcediscipline 加强纪律 strictdiscipline 严格的训练 严明的纪律 byJade Hehadjuststrippedofftosleepwhenthebellrang IwasabouttoaskabouthiswifewhenIsuddenlyrememberedtheyweregettingadivorce WordsandExpressions when doesnotmean atorduringthetimethat instead itmeans andthen byJade ParagraphSix HeadingofPara 6 AnticipatingPunishment byJade Paragraph7 Now boys hesaid Iwanttoreadyouanessay Thisistitled TheArtofEatingSpaghetti byJade ParagraphSeven HeadingofPara 7 Mr Fleagle sAnnouncement byJade Andhestartedtoread Mywords Hewasreadingmywordsoutloudtotheentireclass What smore theentireclasswaslistening Listeningattentively 于是他开始念了 是我写的 他给全班大声念我写的文章 更不可思议的是 全班同学都在听着他念 而且听得很专心 Paragraph8 1 byJade Ms Stewartmanagesasuccessfulbusinessandgivesaweeklycookingshow What smore shehasalreadypublishedthreebooksongardening Howcanyougettolikethisman HewatchesTValldaylong andwhat smore heseemsnottohavebrushedhisteethformonths what smore WordsandExpressions inaddition moreimportantly 而且 此外 更有甚者 你怎么会喜欢上这个人 他整天看电视 更有甚者 他好像好几个月没刷牙了 byJade Thensomebodylaughed thentheentireclasswaslaughing andnotincontemptandridicule butwithopen heartedenjoyment EvenMr Fleaglestoppedtwoorthreetimestoholdbackasmallprimsmile 有人笑出声来 接着全班都笑了 不是轻蔑嘲弄 而是乐乎乎地开怀大笑 就连弗利格尔先生也停顿了两三次 好抑制他那一丝拘谨的微笑 Paragraph8 2 byJade 1 preventtheexpressionof feelings tears etc control Johncriedbitterlyintheclassroom notevenattemptingtoholdbackthetears 2 makesb orsth stopmovingforward Thedamwasnotstrongenoughtoholdbacktheflood WordsandExpressions holdback 控制 抑制 感情 阻挡 止 限制 大坝不太坚固 挡不住洪水 byJade c f holdback holdup 3 preventthedevelopmentofsb Youcouldbecomeagoodmusician butyourlackofpracticeisholdingyouback 4 keep sth secret 把事情全告诉我 不要隐瞒任何东西 Tellmeeverythingaboutit don tholdanythingback WordsandExpressions holdback 阻 防碍某人的进步或发展 byJade ParagraphEight HeadingofPara 8 Classmates ResponsetotheEssay byJade Ididmybesttoavoidshowingpleasure butwhatIwasfeelingwaspuredelightatthisdemonstrationthatmywordshadthepowertomakepeoplelaugh 我尽力不流露出得意的心情 但是看到我写的文章竟能使别人大笑 我真是心花怒放 Paragraph9 1 actofprovingorshowing表明 证明 以实例说明 byJade Thelittleboybrokeaneighbor swin dow andranawaytoavoidpunishment Icrossedthestreettoavoidmeetinghim buthesawmeandcamerunningtowardsme 我横穿马路以便避开他 但他看见了我并朝我跑过来 WordsandExpressions avoid keeporgetawayfromsth prevent Pattern n v ing 避免 躲避 防止 预防 byJade 英语中有些动词后面只能跟名词或动名词 不能跟不定式 avoid appreciate deny enjoy escape finish mind miss postpone suggest feellike giveup putoff WordsandExpressions byJade Intheeleventhgrade attheeleventhhourasitwere Ihaddiscoveredacalling Itwasthehappiestmomentofmyentireschoolcareer 就在十一年级 可谓是最后的时刻 我找到了一个今生想做的事 这是我整个求学生涯中最幸福的一刻 What shegoingtobe Tobeawriter Paragraph9 2 byJade Johnturnedinthereportattheeleventhhour 那位总统的访问在最后时刻被取消了 Thepresident svisitwascalledoffattheeleventhhour WordsandExpressions attheeleventhhour justbeforeitistoolate atthelastmoment Note1 P 5 byJade c f WordsandExpressions career ajoborprofessionforwhichoneistrainedandwhichoneintendstofollowforthewholeofone slife 毕生从事的职业 事业 生涯 Hisparentshaveneverexpectedhimtomakenovelwritinghiscareer career occupationprofession employment byJade WhenMr Fleaglefinishedheputthefinalsealonmyhappinessbysaying Nowthat boys isanessay don tyousee It s don tyousee it softheveryessenceoftheessay don tyousee Congratulations Mr Baker 菲利戈尔先生念完后说