2013高考英语总复习5-1.doc

必修5Unit 1Great scientists(2010全国)假设你是育才中学学生会主席李华，你校将举办一次英语演讲比赛(speech contest)，希望附近某大学的外籍教师Smith 女士来做评委，请参照以下比赛通知给她写一封信。英语演讲比赛 主题：人与自然时间：6月15日下午 2：005：00地点：501教室参赛选手：10名学生联系人：李华(电话：4487665)欢迎大家光临注意：词数100左右。_【满分作文】Dear Ms.Smith，Im Li Hua，Chair of the Student Union of Yucai Middle School，which is close to your university.Im writing to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest to be held in Room 501 in our school on June 15.It will start at 2：00 pm and last for about three hours.Ten students will deliver their speeches on the given topic “Man and Nature”We hope that you will accept our invitation if it is convenient for you.Please call me at 4487665 if you have any questions.I am looking forward to your reply.With best wishes.Li Hua【高级词汇】which引导非限制性定语从句to be held将要举行的(动词不定式的被动式作后置定语)deliver 发表(演讲)accept 接受(邀请)【佳句变换】1Im Li Hua，Chair of the Student Union of Yucai Middle School.Our school is not far from your university.2Id like to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest which will take place in Room 501 in our school on June 15.3I would be most grateful if you could accept our invitation.4For more information，please dial 4487665.词汇链条1_vt.打败；战胜；使受挫 n失败2_vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加3_vt.& n治愈；痊愈；治疗4_n挑战 vt.向挑战5_vt.吸收；吸引；使专心6_vt.认为；怀疑n.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯7_vt.责备；谴责 n过失；责备8_n柄；把手 vt.处理；操纵9_vi.& vt.(使)旋转；纺(线或纱)10_vt.& vi.结束；推断出_n结论；结束11_vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光_adj.无遮蔽的；无保护的；风险高的12_vt.污染；弄脏_n污染13_vt.宣布；通告_n通知；宣告14_vt.& vi.捐献；贡献；投稿_n捐献；贡献；捐助15_vt.拒绝；不接受；抛弃_n拒绝；抛弃答案1.defeat2.attend3.cure4.challenge5.absorb6suspect7.blame8.handle9.spin10.conclude；conclusion11.expose；exposed12.pollute；pollution13.announce；announcement14.contribute；contribution15.reject；rejection语境助记词不离句，句不离段From the scientific analysis，the experts who attend the meeting conclude that it is really a challenge to cure these infected patients.They announce they will be positive and enthusiastic about making contributions to it.重点短语1_提出2_得出结论3_使显露；暴露4_将和联系或连接起来5_除之外；此外6_讲得通；有意义7look into_8lead to_9at times_10be against_11(be) strict with._12be to blame_答案1.put forward2.draw a conclusion3.expose.to4link.to.5.apart from6.make sense7.调查；研究8导致9.有时10.反对11.对严格的12.应受责备.经典句式1_its cause_its cure was understood.人们不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。2So many thousands of terrified people died_there was an outbreak.每次爆发霍乱时，都有大批惊恐的老百姓病死。3A woman，who had moved away from Broad Street，liked the water from the pump so much that she_to her house every day.有一位妇女是从宽街搬过来的，她特别喜欢那里的水，每天都要派人用水泵打水运到家里来。4_，John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies_.为防止这种情况再度发生，约翰斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。5_you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。答案1.Neither；nor2.every time3.had it delivered4.To prevent this from happening again；be examined5Only if.短文填空Before Einstein，scientists believed that light travelled through space in a _1_line.But Einstein was able to _2_ that light coming from the stars was bent as it _3_ the sun.As a result，it _4_ to scientists on earth that the stars had moved.He worked out just how _5_ the light would be bent；he could also work out how far the _6_ would appear to have moved.His discovery was _7_ new；it was said that only three people could understand it at that time.The difficulty was _8_ he could prove his ideas to other scientists.答案1.ve3.passed4.appeared 5pletely8.howconclude vt.& vi.结束；推断出；议定conclude with以结束conclude sth结束to conclude(副词)总而言之；最后conclude from.that.根据得出结论come to/ reach / draw a conclusion得出结论bring sth to a conclusion使结束(1)The jury concluded，from the evidence，that she was guilty.陪审团根据证据得出结论，认定她有罪。牛津(2)To_conclude，Id like to express my thanks to my family.最后，我想向我的家人表达感谢。朗文直通高考看看高考怎么考(1)Another World Bank report _ that GM crops have little to offer to the challenges of worldwide poverty and hunger，because better ways out are available，among which “green” farming is supposed to be the first choice.(2011陕西卷阅读理解D)答案concluded(2)Should they keep their _ within the team or share it with other employees？(2011浙江卷阅读六选五)答案conclusion attend v参加；注意；照料attend a meeting参加会议attend sb 照料某人attend to sb 接待某人attend to sthdeal with sth处理某事attend school上学attend/join/join in/go in for/take part in辨析take part in侧重参加某项群众性、集体性的事业、工作或活动，突出参加者在其中发挥一定的作用。take an active part in积极参加。attend 是正式用语，及物动词，指参加会议或仪式、婚礼、葬礼、典礼、上课、上学、听报告等，强调的是发生这一动作的本身，而不强调参加者在活动中所起的作用。另外，attend 也能用作不及物动词。表示“参加”时同义词为be present at 出席，反义词be absent from缺席。join指加入某组织团体，成为其成员之一。如参军、入团、入党等。join in表示“参加正在进行的活动”。join in a game / discussion/ conversation/ walk/ talk参加游戏/讨论/谈话/一起散步/一起讨论。亦可说：join sb in (doing)sth表示“加入某人一起做某事”。go in for从事，参加。常在口语中使用代替take part in。(1)The meeting was well attended.有很多人出席会议。牛津(2)I am the first child in my family to attend college.我是家里第一个上大学的孩子。朗文直通高考看看高考怎么考(1)Fewer people _ live matches nowadays，preferring to watch from the comfort of their living room.(2011江西卷阅读表达)答案attend(2)Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.I_it，but I was busy preparing for a job interview.(2011福建卷，34)Aattended Bhad attendedCwould attend Dwould have attended解析考查虚拟语气。根据“but.”之后提示和前句“you missed”过去时的提示可知，此处表示过去自己想做却没有做，故答案为D。would have attended，表达虚拟的概念。attended为一般过去时，用于对过去既成事实的陈述；had attended为过去完成时；would attend为过去将来时，均不符合语境，可排除。答案D expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光expose.to.使显露；暴露be exposed to 暴露于；处于危险中expose sth to sb 向某人揭发某事expose sb to sth 使某人接触到某物(1)When he smiled he exposed a set of perfect white teeth.他笑时露出了一口漂亮的白牙。牛津(2)Some children are never exposed to classical music.一些学生从来没有接触过古典音乐。朗文直通高考看看高考怎么考(1)The play Death of a salesman_(暴露) the cruelty of the American business world.(2011山东卷阅读理解A)答案exposes(2)When I read these definitions，I am_54_exposed to(接触)the basic words and learn how they are used to explain objects and ideas.(2010辽宁卷完形填空)Arepeatedly BnearlyCimmediately Danxiously解析考查副词辨析。句意：“当我读这些定义时，我反复地接触基本词汇”。repeatedly反复地；屡次地，符合语境。答案A blame vt.责备；谴责；把归咎于n过失，责备blame sb for sth/doing sth.因责备某人blame sth on sb put/lay the blame on sb 把某事归咎于某人be to blame (for.) 注意该短语中的不定式to blame为主动形式，但表被动意思。bear/ take/ accept/ get the blame for sth(对某事)承担责任 (1)Which driver was_to_blame_for the accident?这事故是哪个司机的责任？牛津(2)She blamed him for the failure of their marriage/blamed the failure of their marriage on him.她把婚姻的触礁归咎于他。牛津直通高考看看高考怎么考(1)And who could _(责备) him？(2011 湖南卷 Language Knowledge Section B)答案blame(2)Ceelys near miss made the news because she _(责备)it on the GPS device(导航仪)(2011 浙江卷阅读理解A) 答案blamed contribute vt.& vi.捐献；贡献；捐助contribute sth to.把捐献给；给投稿contribute to为做出贡献；有助于；导致(to为介词。后跟名词或v.ing形式)make a contribution/ contributions to为做出贡献(1)Does smoking contribute_to lung cancer?吸烟会导致肺癌吗？牛津(2)The volunteers contribute their own time to the project.志愿者把时间都用在这一项目上。朗文直通高考看看高考怎么考(1)Because she _ (contribute)to saving the wounded.(2011 陕西卷阅读理解B)答案contributed(2)It is easy to think that a junior team member may have less _(contribute) than more experienced ones.(2011 浙江卷六选五)答案to contribute写作句组满分作文之佳句aMany graduates clearly do contribute to national wealth，but so do all the businesses that invest (投资) and create jobs.(2011北京)bNow I am writing to contribute my topic to you.(2009重庆)cAs for forest resources protection，I can also make my own contribution.(安徽)dChinese uses the most plastic bags，which makes a great contribution to the“white pollution”(安徽) look into调查；往里看look on.as 把看作look out 小心，当心；向外看 look around 到处看 look over 审阅，翻阅 look through 浏览；仔细地检查 look to 负责，留意 look up (从词典中)找出；天气转变；物价上涨；仰视 look up to sb 尊敬某人 look down on/upon sb 轻视某人 look forward to期待(1)Police are looking into the disappearance of two children.警察正在调查这两个孩子的失踪的事情。朗文(2)A working party has been set up to look_into the problem.已成立工作组调查该问题。牛津直通高考看看高考怎么考(1)If theres something you want to experience，_(调查) it.(2011 北京卷阅读理解A)答案look into(2)OK! Well _ (调查) it and call you back.(2011上海卷 听力原文) 答案look into make sense讲得通；有意义make no sense没道理；没意义in_a_sense在某种意义上；在某种程度上in no sense 决不There is no sense in doing sth 做某事没有道理(没意义)make sense/make sense of辨析这两个短语的区别在于两个方面：一是词性的区别，make sense为不及物动词短语，make sense of为及物动词短语。二是词义的区别。make sense讲得通，有道理，有意义，是明智的，是合理的；make sense of明白understand。(1)It doesnt make sense to buy that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good.这些便宜的大衣也很好，何必非买那件贵的不可。牛津(2)What you say makes_no_sense.你说的话没有道理。牛津直通高考看看高考怎么考It was the language that helped shape the way I saw things，expressed ideas，and _ of the world.(2010广东卷阅读理解A)答案made sense Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置，太空中其他行星的运动才能说清楚。当only状语(副词、介词短语或状语从句)位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装语序，即把助动词、情态动词或系动词放在主语前面。only if/if only辨析only if表示“只有，只要”，引导状语从句，放在句首、句末均可。放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装语序。if only表示“如果就好了；但愿”，引导虚拟条件句。表示现在的愿望，用过去时；表示过去的愿望，用过去完成时；表示将来的愿望用过去时或者过去将来时。(1)Look at the trouble Im in！If only I had_followed your advice.(上海卷)(2)He knew his carts would be a great success if_only he could persuade people to give them a try.(2009天津卷阅读理解A)直通高考看看高考怎么考用only if或if only填空(1)Throughout the twentieth century，advertising agencies promoted consumerism(消费主义) as a way of life，spreading the belief that people could be happy _ they bought the “right” products.(2011全国卷阅读理解B)答案only if(2)He had his camera ready_he saw something that would make a good picture.(2011山东卷，28)Aeven if Bif only Cin case Dso that解析考查状语从句引导词。句意：他准备好了相机以防看到可以拍摄的景物。in case为“以防；以免”，even if为“即使”，if only为“如果”，so that“为了，以便”。答案C.品句填词1Our football team _(打败)theirs this time.2He smiled suddenly，_ (露出)a set of amazing white teeth.3Scientists are still searching for a _(治愈办法)for cancer.4He waited for the _(宣布)of the result of the competition.5Everyone should _(捐赠)what she or he can afford.6Plants _(吸收)minerals and other nutrients from the soil.7What made you _(怀疑)her of having taken the money?8Imperfect articles are _(不接受)by our quality control.答案1.defeated2.exposing3.cure4.announcement 5contribute6.absorb7.suspect8.rejected.短语识境put forward；draw a conclusion；(be) to blame；look into；apart from；(be) strict with；make sense；at times1She was fun to be with _.2She _ several good ideas.3I _ that he was lying.4She was in no way _.5His disappearance is being _ by the police.6_ the injuries to his face and hands，he broke both legs.7Shes very _ her children.8Read this and tell me if it _.答案1.at times2.put forward3.drew a conclusion 4to blame5.looked into6.Apart from7.strict with8.makes sense.翻译句子1那次事故怪不着孩子们。(be to blame)_2她的工作有助于我们对这一难题的理解。(contribute to)_3他在会上提出一个很好的建议。(put forward)_4你能了解这个作家在讲什么吗？(make sense of)_5有人建议我们在晚会上演一个短剧。(It is suggested that.)_答案1.The children were not to blame for the accident.2Her work has contributed to our understanding of this difficult subject.3He put forward a very good suggestion at the meeting.4Can you make sense of what this writer is saying?5Its suggested that we ( should ) put on a short play at the party.一般词汇高级词汇abletalentedactionmeasuresbuypurchasecareconcerncertainlyundoubtedlychangereformcheatdeceivecommonpopularentera