基因组学领域的140篇经典文章.docx

转】推荐植物基因组学领域的140篇经典文章1 1.基因组的结构和变异2.分子标记连锁图谱构建基因3.QTL定位的原理和方法4.QTL精细定位5.基因和QTL的可隆5.1插入突变方法5.2图位克隆的方法(含比较图位克隆)5.3候选基因法6.资源评估和利用7.分子标记辅助选择(含分子设计育种)8.转基因8.1转基因体系和实证研究8.2转基因的生态学安全研究9.比较基因组9.1标记水平比较基因组9.2序列水平的比较研究9.3性状水平的比较研究9.4功能比较研究10.*优势研究10.1遗传学解释10.2分子生物学解释11.分子进化(主要是玉米进化)12.基于连锁不平衡的关联分析12.1实证研究12.2方法学研究13.基因组研究中的一些新技术运用13.1DNA芯片技术13.2 DNA shuffling13.3Gene Trap13.4 Gene therapy in plants13.5 TILLING 技术1.植物基因组的结构和变异在越来越多的植物基因组被测完后,该研究的重要性逐渐显现,该方面的文章可以说是汗牛充栋.在玉米方面该领域的大牛是 Buckler, ES; Messing, J, Dooner HK, Doebley J ; Gaut, BS.1. Buckler, E. S., Gaut, B. S. and McMullen, M. D. (2006) Molecular and functional diversity of maize. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 9, 172-176这是关于玉米基因组结构的REVIEW文章,先了解大概,在细读研究文章.其任何2个玉米自交系之间的遗传变异大于人和大猩猩之间的差异的经典论断充分说明玉米变异的广泛性.最近因为人类基因组研究的进展而似乎可以改写.2.Messing J, Dooner HK. Organization and variability of the maize genome. Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2006 Apr;9(2):157-63两位大牛的联合REVIEW, 值得一读.3.Goff S A, Ricke D, Lan T H, Presting G, Wang R, Dunn M, Glazebrook J, Sessions A, Oeller P, Varma H, Hadley D, Hutchison D, Martin C, Katagiri F, Lange B M, Moughamer T, Xia Y, Budworth P, Zhong J, Miguel T, et al. A Draft Sequence of the Rice Genome Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica. Science, 2002, 296: 92-100大家或许都知道这篇文章,但我相信看完的不多,尽管全基因组测序的文章许多,强烈建议大家读这篇,讨论写的太好了.同期中国测序的文章就相形见拙许多,当然之后水稻精细图谱的公布,这篇文章也可以读读.4. International Rice Genome Sequencing Project. The map-based sequence genome. nature, 2005, 436: 793-8005.Fu H H, Dooner H K. Intraspecific violation of genetic colinearity and its implications in maize. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2002, 99: 9573-9578改文章给我的启示许多,基因的存在和缺失也是等位基因的一种形式就是其一,尽管后来该文章的结论不断被修正.6.Song R, Messing J: Gene expression of a gene family in maize based on noncolinear haplotypes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003, 100:9055-9060.宋任涛代表作之一, 与Fu的文章有异曲同工之妙,给*优势提供了新的解释.7.Brunner S, Fengler K, Morgante M, Tingey S, Rafalski A: Evolution of DNA sequence non-homologies among maize inbreds. Plant Cell 2005, 17:343-360.5,6工作的基础上提供了更多的数据8. Lai J, Li Y, Messing J, Dooner HK: Gene movement by Helitron transposons contributes to the haplotype variability of maize. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005, 102:9068-9073.赖锦盛的代表工作之一,为玉米基因组的扩张提供了全面的解释.9. Lai J, Ma J, Swigonova Z, Ramakrishna W, Linton E, Llaca V, Tanyolac B, Park YJ, Jeong OY, Bennetzen JL et al.: Gene loss and movement in the maize genome. Genome Res 2004, 14:1924-1931部分阐述了玉米基因组的结构的成因,更多的是插入而不是缺失.10. Morgante M, Brunner S, Pea G, Fengler K, Zuccolo A, Rafalski A:Gene duplication and exon shuffling by helitron-like transposons generate intraspecies diversity in maize.Nat Genet 2005, 37:997-1002与8讲的同一个故事.11.Tenaillon MI, Sawkins MC, Long AD, Gaut RL, Doebley JF, Gaut BS: Patterns of DNA sequence polymorphism along chromosome 1 of maize (Zea mays ssp. mays L.). Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2001, 8:9161-9166该数据表明,在玉米基因组大约只保留了其祖先大刍草60%的遗传变异.12.Messing J, Bharti AK, Karlowski WM, Gundlach H, Kim HR, Yu Y, Wei F, Fuks G, Soderlund CA, Mayer KF et al.: Sequence composition and genome organization of maize. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2004, 101:14349-14354玉米有59000个基因的预测就出自此文.13. Bruggmann R, Bharti AK, Gundlach H, Lai J, Young S, Pontaroli AC, Wei F, Haberer G, Fuks G, Du C, Raymond C, Estep MC, Liu R, Bennetzen JL, Chan AP, Rabinowicz PD, Quackenbush J, Barbazuk WB, Wing RA, Birren B, Nusbaum C, Rounsley S, Mayer KF, Messing J. Uneven chromosome contraction and expansion in the maize genome. Genome Res. 2006 Oct;16(10):1241-5114.Emrich SJ, Li L, Wen TJ, Yandeau-Nelson MD, Fu Y, Guo L, Chou HH, Aluru S, Ashlock DA, Schnable PS. Nearly Identical Paralogs: Implications for Maize (Zea mays L.) Genome Evolution.Genetics. 2007 Jan;175(1):429-39Schnable 提出的NIP概念给我们以后的关联分析和其他一系列研究提出了新的挑战,尽管在玉米基因组的频率只有1%.15. Fu Y, Emrich SJ, Guo L, Wen TJ, Ashlock DA, Aluru S, Schnable PS.Quality assessment of maize assembled genomic islands (MAGIs) and large-scale experimental verification of predicted genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 23;102(34):12282-7.看看什么是MAGI，也是Schnable的贡献，其超大的课题组（在美国而言）和永不疲倦的精力让他文章如麻，而且牛文不断。2.分子标记连锁图谱构建和基因定位该领域的理论发展最大贡献者当然属于Lincoln,而玉米连锁图的构建, 全世界多个实验室都有重要贡献,比如Coe EH, 法国的Falque, 和访问过农大的Schnable.这尽管是一项非常基础的工作,但非常重要.从下面文章的清单不难看出,只要做的好有特色,同样能发好文章.其它各个重要的动植物都走过类似的历程，在植物里这一领域的研究，玉米应该还是比较靠前的，因为它不但重要，而且也算得上模式植物.16. Lincoln S, Daly M, Lander E. Mapping genetic mapping with MAPMAKER/EXP3.0. Cambridge: MA: Whitehead institute Technical Report, 1992尽管新的方法不断涌现,但MAPMAKER 目前仍然是连锁图构建和基因定位的经典方法.17.Helentjaris T, Slocum M, Wright S, Schaefer A, Niehhuis J. Construction of genetic linkage maps in maize and tomato using restriction fragment length polymorphisms. Theor Appl Genet, 1986, 72: 761769玉米第一张分子标记连锁图18.Burr, B., Burr, F., Thompson, K.H., Albersten, M. and Stuber, C. W. (1988) Gene mapping with recombinant inbreds in maize. Genetics 118, 519526玉米第一张RIL图谱19.Beavis, W. D., and Grant, D. (1991) A linkage map based on information from 4 F2 populations of Maize (Zea mays L.). Theor. Appl. Genet. 82, 636644玉米的F2图谱20.Gardiner, J. M., Coe, E. H., Melia-Hancock, S., Hoisington, D. A. and Chao, S. (1993) Development of a core RFLP map in maize using an immortalized F2 population. Genetics 134, 917930.玉米第一张IF2图谱(注意不同于我们提到的IF2群体)21.Gardiner, J., Schroeder, S., Polacco, M. L., Sanchez-Villeda, H., Fang, Z., Morgante, M., Landewe, T., Fengler, K., Useche, F., Hanafey, M., Tingey, S., Chou, H., Wing, R., Soderlund, C. and Coe Jr., E. H. (2004) Anchoring 93 971 maize expressed sequence tagged unigenes to the bacterial artificial chromosome contig map by two-dimensional overgo hybridization. Plant Physiol. 134, 1317-1326.遗传图谱和物理图谱的整合22.Davis, G. L., McMullen, M. D., Baysdorfer, C., Musket, T., Grant, D., Staebell, M., Xu, G., Polacco, M., Koster, L., Melia-Hancock, S., Houchins, K., Chao, S., and Coe Jr, E. H. (1999). A maize map standard with sequenced core markers, grass genome reference points and 932 expressed sequence tagged sites (ESTs) in a 1736-locus map. Genetics 152, 1137117223.Natalya S, McMullen M D, Schultz L, Schroeder S, Sanchez-Villeda H, Gardiner J, Bergstrom D, Houchins K, Melia-Hancock S, Musket T, Duru N, Polacco M, Edwards K, Ruff T, Register J C, Brouwer C, Thompson R, Velasco R, Chin E, Lee M, Woodman-Clikeman W, Long MJ, Liscum E, Cone K, Davis G, Coe EH. Development and mapping of SSR markers for maize. Plant Mol Bio, 2002, 48: 463-481几张玉米的高密度连锁图24.Falque, M., Dcousset, L., Dervins, D., Jacob, A. M., Joets, J., Martinant, J. P., Raffoux, X., Ribire, N., Ridel, C., Samson, D., Charcosset, A. and Murigneux, A. (2005) Linkage Mapping of 1454 New Maize Candidate Gene Loci. Genetics 170, 1957-1966玉米的大规模基因定位及连锁图谱25.Fu Y, Wen TJ, Ronin YI, Chen HD, Guo L, Mester DI, Yang Y, Lee M, Korol AB, Ashlock DA, Schnable PS. Genetic dissection of intermated recombinant inbred lines using a new genetic map of maize.Genetics. 2006 Nov;174(3):1671-83.玉米的大规模的IDP图谱而目前各类标记(IDP, Gene, cDNA, SSR, RFLP, SNP等)都被整合到IBM图谱,并有机与玉米物理图谱进行了整合,详细信息参考MAIZEGDB.3.QTL定位的原理和应用该领域让我们记住一个名字,那就是毕业于华中农业大学,现供职于北卡州立大学的曾昭邦教授.他1994年发表在Genetics的文章,已经是QTL定位领域不可超越的传奇,其正面引用应该接近或者超过1000次.他也是大陆动物遗传育种专业留学生中在美国唯一的正教授.他多次回国和母校讲学,2000年在华农讲学,在分子数量遗传学门外徘徊的我根本听不懂他在讲什么,错失良机.其发展的QTL定位软件几经改进,可以说在数量遗传学领域路人皆知.26. Zeng Z B. Precision mapping of quantitative trait loci. Genetics, 1994, 136: 14571468经典中的经典,但我估计认真读过的人不多,尤其新近入门的同学.同时在此基础上, 还发展了一系列分析方法.27. Cockerham CC and Z. B. Zeng Design III With Marker Loci.Genetics 1996 143: 1437-1456重新对Stuber的数据进行分析,认为超显性都是拟超显性.为我们的遗传设计提出了新的指导思想,但听从的不多 .28. Chen-Hung Kao, Zhao-Bang Zeng, and Robert D. Teasdale Multiple Interval Mapping for Quantitative Trait Loci. Genetics 1999 152: 1203-1216提出了MIM的算法,为我们估计总的遗传效应提供了方法.29.Chen-Hung Kao and Zhao-Bang Zeng Modeling Epistasis of Quantitative Trait Loci Using Cockerhams Model Genetics 2002 160: 1243-1261提出了上位性的算法.30. Lander E S, Botstein S. Mapping Mendelian factors underlying quantitative traits using RFLP linkage maps. Genetics, 1989, 121: 185199经典的区间作图法, CIM是该基础上发展而来,贡献卓越,引用超过2000次.31. Wang D L, Zhu J, Li Z K, Paterson A H. Mapping QTLs with epistatic effects and QTL environment interactions by mixed linear model approaches. Theor Appl Genet, 1999, 99: 1255-1264浙江大学的朱军教授也是该领域的著名人物,在CIM基础上发展出MCIM(混合线性模型)的方法,也是一个重要的贡献,同时也提出条件QTL的定位方法,经典文章有下面2篇.32. Zhu J. Analysis of conditional genetic effects and variance components in developmental genetics. Genetics, 1995, 141: 16331639老鼠尾巴的长度和体重有什么关系?呵呵,这篇文章就研究这个,至少问题有趣.33. Yan J Q, Zhu J, He C X, Benmoussa M, Wu P. Molecular dissection of developmental behavior of plant height in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Genetics, 1998, 150: 1257-1265株高发育性状的QTL定位,这篇文章给了我启示,而让我的论文有了点副产品,想了解改领域的基本知识,可以参考我2003科学通报的文章.34. Wei-Ren Wu, Wei-Ming Li, Ding-Zhong Tang, Hao-Ran Lu, and A. J. Worland Time-Related Mapping of Quantitative Trait Loci Underlying Tiller Number in Rice. Genetics 1999 151: 297-303现在浙江大学的吴为人教授对时间序列的QTL分析也有贡献,但没有好的软件出来.关于QTL定位的应用文章枚不胜举,下面2篇文章是经典.35. Schon, C. C., Utz, H. F., Groh, S., Truberg, B., Openshaw, S. and Melchinger, A. E. (2004) Quantitative trait locus mapping based on resampling in a vast maize testcross experiment and its relevance to quantitative genetics for complex traits. Genetics 167, 485-498该研究用了超过1000个单株的超大群体,和19个环境的田间数据. 估计目前这2个数字仍然是无法超越的.36. Laurie, C. C., Chasalow, S. D., LeDeaux, J. R., McCarrol, R., Rush, D., Hauge, B., Lai, C. Q., Clark, D., Rocheford, T. R. and Dudley, J. W. (2004) The genetic architecture of response to long-term artificial selection for oil concentration in the maize kernel. Genetics 168, 2141-2155该研究用了高油玉米长期选择的极端材料和大群体,所以对效应值小的QTL有很好的估计.37. 章元明. 作物QTL 定位方法研究进展. 科学通报, 19, 2223-2231.我认为是迄今关于这方面最好的中文综述.尤其关于经典QTL的定位介绍的比较详细和到位,是对初进该领域的研究者最好的开门文章,几乎囊括了所有经典文章.我们常常知道QTL定位要选择显著标记对背景控制?原因是什么,多少合适?如果不选或者选多了会出现什么问题?如果理解了这些理论问题,大家对QTL定位的结果就会有更深刻的认识,而不会简单堆积结果了.QTL定位下一步的一个发展方向将是:1) Nested Association Mapping and Diallel Association Mapping, 也就是结合连锁和连锁不平衡的分析方法,该方法有Buckler首先提出来并付诸实践,相信不久就有实际实验结果的文章出来,下一步是第一篇方法探讨文章.38. Benjamin Stich, Jianming Yu, Albrecht E. Melchinger, Hans-Peter Piepho, Friedrich Utz, Hans P Maurer, and Edward S Buckler Power to detect higher-order epistatic interactions in a metabolic pathway using a new mapping strategy. Genetics 2006: doi: 10.1534/genetics.106.0670332) eQTL定位这也是将来QTL定位的一个重要内容,也是联系遗传学上QTL定位和表达水平基因表达谱研究的桥梁.在动物方面（人，小鼠等）相关研究进展很多，下一波就是植物了。39 Gibson G, Weir B. The quantitative genetics of transcription. Trends Genet, 2005, 21(11): 616623如何从转录水平认识数量性状40 Schadt E E, Monks S A, Drakes T A, et al. Genetics of gene expression surveyed in maize, mouse and man.Nature, 2003, 422:297-302eQTL定位的经典文章41 Brew R B, Yvert G, Clinton R, et al. Genetic dissection of transcriptional regulation in budding yeast. Science, 2002, 296: 752-755虽然是酵母的数据但值得借鉴.3) PTL 差异表达蛋白和QTL位置的比较与分析(目前相关文章还比较少)42 Salvi S, Tuberosa R. To clone or not to clone plant QTLs: present and future challenges. Trends Plant Sci, 2005, 10: 297-304相关的综述文章43 Consoli L, Lefevre A, Zivy M, et al. QTL analysis of proteome and transcriptome variations for dissecting the genetic architecture of complex traits in maize. Plant Mol Biol, 2002, 48(5-6): 575-581好象是仅有的研究文章,不过已经有一段时间没有追踪了4 QTL精细定位毫无疑问,近年来发展而来的基于NIL的定位方法和策略取得了长足进步.该策略首先被Paterson提出来,然后被Zamir发扬广大,我们国家在这方面的研究应该说取得了长足的进步.其中Paterson（现在偏理论了），Zamir，Tanksley，McCouch以及日本和中国的多位科学家是这方面的领军科学家。44 Paterson AH, DeVerna JW, Lanini B et al. Fine mapping of quantitative trait loci using selected overlapping recombinant chromosomes, in an interspecies cross of tomato. Genetics, 1990, 124: 735-74245 Eshed Y, Zamir DAn introgression line population of Lycopersicon pennellii in the cultivated tomato enables the identification and fine mapping of yield-associated QTL. Genetics , 1995, 141:1147-1162较早的研究，现在看起来比较简单，但你要承认原创。46 Salvi S, Tuberosa R, Chiapparino E, Maccaferri M, Veillet S,van Beuningen L, Isaac P, Edwards K, Phillips RL: Toward positional cloning of Vgt1, a QTL controlling the transition from the vegetative to the reproductive phase in maize. Plant Mol Biol 2002, 48:601-613我一直以为这将是玉米中第一个被克隆的QTL,而追踪很久,但呼之欲出好多年终没有见到正式文章,但有消息表明已经拿到基因.Tuberosa是意大利的知名科学家,当时在武汉开会的时候希望我申请奖学金到他那里做博士后,还给我许多他发表的文章.47 Li JM, Thomson M, McCouch S R. Fine mapping of a grain-weight quantitative trait locus in the pericentromeric region of rice chromosome 3. Genetics, 2004 168: 2187-219548 Fan C, Xing Y, Mao H, Lu T, Han B, Xu C, Li X, Zhang Q. Related Articles, Links GS3, a major QTL for grain length and weight and minor QTL for grain width and thickness in rice, encodes a putative transmembrane protein.Theor Appl Genet. 2006, 112:1164-71两篇文章做的同一个QTL位点，可见这个领域竞争的惨烈（事实上还有至少2个组在做这个位点）。但第二篇的遗传设计比较简单，第一篇太复杂了。但讨论起来是一套一套。49 Alpert K B, Tanksley S D. High-resolution mapping and isolation of a yeast artificial chromosome contig containing fw2.2: A major fruit weight quantitative trait locus in tomato. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1996, 93: 15503-15507看看着篇定位的文章,你就知道Tanksley克隆第一个QTL是多么不容易.50 Ishimaru K. Identification of a locus increasing rice yield and physiological analysis of its function. Plant Physiol. 2003 Nov;133(3):1083-90这篇文章只有一个作者，可见日本人做研究有多么厉害了。这个人最近文章雪片般飘逸，绝对是后起之秀。5.基因和QTL的克隆51 Ashikari M, Matsuoka M. Identification, isolation and pyramiding of quantitative trait loci for rice breeding. Trends Plant Sci, 2006, 11(7): 344-35052 Bortiri E, Jackson D, Hake S. Advances in maize genomics: the emergence of positional cloning.Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2006 Apr;9(2):164-71这两篇综述告诉我们重要形状QTL的克隆将是未来竞争最为激烈的领域，同时已经克隆的QTL也尽收眼底，如果对这方面感兴趣，无疑给你做了很好的文献收集工作。5.1插入突变方法53 Bensen, R.J., G. S. Johal, V. C. Crane, J. T. Tossberg, P. S. Schnable, R. B. Meeley, and S. P. Briggs. 1995. Cloning and characterization of the maize An1 gene. The Plant Cell. 7: 75-84与株高有关的一个突变体基因的克隆54 Doebley J, Stec A, Hubbard L. The evolution of apical dominance in maize. Nature, 1997, 386: 485-488玉米中克隆的第一个QTL55 Cui X, Wise RP, Schnable PS. The rf2 nuclear restorer gene of male-sterile T-cytoplasm maize. Science. 1996 May 31;272(5266):1334-6在17万株MU插入玉米中找到5个突变体，最终克隆了玉米的恢复基因Rf2, 从这也可以看出基于突变体的基因克隆与其说是个技术活不如说是一个体力活。应该是Schnable的成名作。56 Esteban B, George C, Erik V, et al. Ramosa2 encodes a lateral organ boundary domain protein that determines the fate of stem cells in branch meristems of maize. Plant Cell, 2006, 18:574-58557 Vollbrecht E, Springer PS, Goh L, et al. Architecture of floral branch systems in maize and related grasses. Nature, 2005, 436:1119-1126与玉米进化有关的2个QTL 此贴被degozhaodi在2008-03-23 22:42重新编辑 本帖最近评分记录： 威望:1(chenchen)顶端 Posted: 2007-04-06 11:03 | 1 楼 degozhaodi 精华: 2发帖: 4165威望: 289 草鞋: 503 贡献值: 0 在线时间:4232(小时)注册时间:2007-02-26最后登录:2010-11-01 小 中 大 引用 推荐 编辑 只看 复制 11.分子进化(主要是玉米进化)玉米的分子进化研究可以说是Doelbley J一个人的表演，其系统性，前瞻性无不让我佩服的五体投地。详细的参考我上一篇文章（从John Doebley的研究历程谈如何读参考文献）这里就不多做解释.110 Doebley JF, Gaut BS, Smith BD. The molecular genetics of crop domestication. Cell. 2006 Dec 29;127(7):1309-21这是这方面最新和最经典的综述111 Piperno DR, Flannery KV. The earliest archaeological maize (Zea mays L.) from highland Mexico: new accelerator mass spectrometry dates and their implications. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2001, 98: 2101-2103玉米进化考古证据112 Doebley J, Stec A, Hubbard L. The evolution of apical dominance in maize. Nature, 1997, 386: 485-488113 Vollbrecht E, Springer PS, Goh L, et al. Architecture of floral branch systems in maize and related grasses. Nature, 2005, 436:1119-1126114 Wang R L, Stec A, Hey J, Lukens L, Doebley J. The limits of selection during maize domestication. Nature, 1999, 398: 236-239115 Esteban B, George C, Erik V, et al. Ramosa2 encodes a lateral organ boundary domain protein that determines the fate of stem cells in branch meristems of maize. Plant Cell, 2006, 18:574-585116 Gallavotti A, Zhao Q, Kyozuka J, et al. The role of barren stalk1 in the architecture of maize. Nature, 2004, 432:630-635一系列有进化相关基因或QTL被克隆，进化的方式也是越来越清晰，当然这个清单显然不完整。117 Yamasaki M, Tenaillon MI, Vroh Bi I, Schroeder S, Sanchez-Villeda H, Doebley JF, Gaut BS, McMullen MD: A large scale screen for artificial selection in maize identifies candidate agronomic loci for domestication and crop improvement. Plant Cell 2005, 17:2859-2872118 Wright SI, Bi IV, Schroeder SG, Yamasaki M, Doebley JF, McMullen MD, Gaut BS: The effects of artificial selection on the maize genome. Science 2005, 308:1310-1314基因组水平的研究，让进化上升到一个新的高度，上2篇文章是最新的进展。而玉米进化一共大约有1200个基因受到选择就出自下一篇文章。12.基于连锁不平衡的关联分析我预测5年内中国也会在植物学领域开始热炒这个领域, 尽管目前我也做这个领域但知道的东西还很少. 尽管目前这个领域有很多人质疑,也确实有许多不成熟的地方,但必须承认其发展之势不可以阻挡.植物领域的领军人物当然是Buckler.118 Yu J, Buckler ES. Genetic association mapping and genome organization of maize.Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2006 Apr;17(2):155-60119 杨小红，严建兵，郑艳萍，等。植物数量性状关联分析研究进展. 作物学报. 2006(on line first)扫盲和入门文章,尽管还有不足之处,但也是迄今能找到这个领域的唯一中文综述.简单清晰的综述文章,如果要做这个领域,当然是必读的.12.1实证研究120 Remington DL, Thornsberry JM,Matsuoka Y,Wilson LM,Whitt SR,Doebley J, Kresovich S, 121Goodman MM, Buckler ES: Structure of linkage disequilibrium and phenotypic associations in the maize genome. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2001, 98:11479-11484.早期的探讨122 Thornsberry JM, Goodman MM, Doebley J, Kresovich S, Nielsen D, Buckler ES IV: Dwarf8 polymorphisms associate with variation in flowering time. Nat Genet 2001, 28:286-289.看山之作,尽管后来不断有文章出来修订和赶紧,但动摇不了其地位.123 Palaisa KA, Morgante M, Williams M, Rafalski A: Contrasting effects of selection on sequence diversity and linkage disequilibrium at two phytoene synthase loci. Plant Cell 2003,15:1795-1806124 Wilson LM, Whitt SR, Ibanez-Carranza AM, Goodman MM, Rocheford TR, Buckler ES: Dissection of maize kernel composition and starch production by candidate gene association. Plant Cell 2004, 16:2719-2733.几个实证研究, 都是相当的不错,当然这个清单可以很长.12.2方法学研究125 Yu J, Pressoir G, Briggs WH, Bi IV, Yamasaki M, Doebley JF,Mc