英语人教版八年级下册专题复习现在完成时.docx

2017中考专题复习现在完成时教学设计 莲花县南岭中学 左金一、教学目标1、知识与技能1) 掌握现在完成时的句型、构成。2) 掌握现在完成时的用法。3) 能区分一般过去时态与现在完成时的用法。2、情感态度与价值观：通过在教学过程中让学生多动手、多观察、勤思考、善总结，引导学生养成自主学习的学习习惯。二、教材分析教材上对于基本的句型，构成说明详细，对现在完成时的用法有一定的讲解，但不够详彻。而且时态用法之间没有区分的说明。三、学情分析初三学生，对现在完成时的句型，构成及用法比较模糊，而且分析能力较弱，做题思路不够清晰。但是该生知识接受能力强，有一定的知识归纳能力。四、教学重点1、 现在完成时态的句型，构成及用法2、 现在完成时与一般过去时用法的区别3、 过去分词，瞬间动词与延续性动词在现在完成时态中的运用五、教学难点1、 瞬间动词与延续性动词在现在完成时态中的运用2、 现在完成时与一般过去时用法的区别3、 现在完成时六、教学过程（一）、现在完成时的构成助动词have (has）+ 过去分词（二）、现在完成时基本句式1.肯定句主语+ have（has）过去分词 注意：该句式中的have或has是助动词，has用于第三人称单数，其它人称一律用have。He has eaten breakfast.2.否定句主语+havent/hasnt过去分词He hasnt eaten breakfast.3.一般疑问句 Have/Has+主语+ 过去分词Yes，主语(代词主格)+ have/hasNo， 主语+havent/hasntHas he eaten breakfast? Yes ,he has . No, he hasnt.（三）、总结过去分词的变化规则A:规则变化直接在原形后+ed work play 词尾是e时，直接加d liked 若词尾为“辅音字母加y”，则变y为i加ed。末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，双写末尾辅音字母加ed.B：不规则过去分词的构成Typeoriginal p.t p.pAAAcostcostcostreadreadreadABBmeetmetmetcatchcaughtcaught ABCrideroderiddenspeakspokespokendrinkdrankdrunkeatateeatenABAcomecamecomerunranrun（四）、现在完成时的主要用法1.表示过去发生或已完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响和结果。He has ever read the book. (他读过这本书。)I have already finished my homework. (我已经完成了家庭作业。)现在完成时态句中常见的时间状语A:这类词常强调动作完成,不强调动作的持续 already（已经，还，肯定句） yet（否定句，疑问句） never（从来没有） ever (曾经) twice （两次） recently(近来） before（句末） just （刚刚） so far (到目前为止) in the last few years (在过去的几年里)2.表示从过去某一时刻开始并一直延 续到现在的动作或状态,但动作或状态可能仍在继续。She has lived here since she was born.自从她出生时就一直住在这儿。I have learnt English for more than ten years.我已经学了10多年的英语。（1）、for一段时间（two weeks/six months/five days）for短语表示动作延续多长时间 。 He has taught in this school for four years. （我们认识有二十年了。） I havent seen her for a long time. （我好久没有见到她了。）一个时间点（2）、since： 一个时间点一段时间ago从句Mr. Smith has worked here since 1984. （1984年以来，史密斯先生一直在这工作。）I have known Daniel since 7 years ago.自从7年前我就认识丹尼尔。Hes learned about 500 words since he went to college.（他上大学以来大约学了五千个英语单词）（3）选用 for和 since填空:.We havent seen each other _ a long time.His father has been in the Party _ 10 years ago.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China.His grandparents have been dead _ several years. Its five years _ we met last time.3、非延续性动词与时间段的关系非延续性动词在肯定句、疑问句中不能与时间段连用，这些动词是：become, begin, buy, borrow, arrive, come/go, die, fall, finish, get to know, join, leave, marry 等。为了表述这种意思，我们常用相应的延续性动词”来代替短暂性动词.（如下表）borrow keep buy have, die be dead, begin/start be on leave be away (from), come /go be in /at, get married be married join be in /a member of arrive be in/at（1）.我买了这块手表五年了。I have bought this watch for five years. I have had this watch for five years/since 5 years ago. （2）.这位老人已经死了十年了。The old man has died for ten years. The old man has been dead for ten years/since 10 years ago.（五）、have been 与have gone 的用法比较 have been to 意思是“到过，去过”，表示曾经到过某处，但现在人不在那儿。have gone to 意思是“去了”，表示已经去了某地，现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了。That man cant be our headmaster, because he has gone to Japan. 那个人不是我们的校长，因为他去日本了。 I have been to Beijing twice . 我去过北京两次 -Where is she? -She has gone to Nanjing. 她已经去南京了。C. 用have gone或 have been1) Where are the boy students ? They _ to the school factory.2) Is your father in ? No, he _ to Shenzhen. _he ever _ there before ? Yes, he _ there several times 3) He asked me if I _ to Hangzhou before. I told him that I wanted to go there for a visit as I _ never _ to that city before. 4) My brother _the Great Wall three times .5) I want to return the book to Jack, but I cant find him. - He _ the library. You can find him there.（六）现在完成时与一般过去时的区别现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在产生的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情