复旦考博常见语法项目练习.doc

常用语法项目练习及答案一、短语动词abide by遵守act on照行事account for解释, 说明add to增加adhere to坚持agree to同意（计划、提议等）；agree with (sb.)；agree on（条约、协议等等）allow for顾及, 体谅, 为留出余地allude to暗示amount to达到, 共计appeal to求助于, 诉诸apply for申请, 适用于attachTo将系在上attend to照料attribute to归因于back up支持believe in信任boast of吹嘘break away脱离, 挣脱; break off折断, 中止; break down失灵, 崩溃, （感情）决堤, （身体）衰弱, 细分；break in强行进行, 打断；beak into闯入；break out爆发；break through突破, 克服；break up解散, 衰弱, 崩溃bring about带来, 引起；bring around说服, 使恢复；bring back带回, 使回忆起, 使康复；bring down降低；bring on引出, 提出, bring out生产, 阐明；bring up养育build up积累起来burst into突然起来call at拜访；call back回电话；call for要求；call off (cancel)取消；call on号召；call out调来；call up打电话, 回忆care for喜欢carry away取走, 陶醉；carry forward推进；carry off夺去, 赢得；carry on继续进行；carry out贯彻；carry through进行到底catch up with走上；catch on理解check in办理登记手续；check out办理付帐手续；check up核实clear away清除掉, （云雾）散去；clear up整理；晴朗coincide with巧合, 一致come across偶遇；come about发生；come at攻击, 发现；come off脱落, 举行come on赶快, 进展；come out出来；出现come through经历, 成功；come up against碰到；come up with找到, 提出comment on评论concentrate on集中精力做conform to符合consist in存在于contribute to有助于count against对某人不利；count in把算上；count on依靠, 指望；count out逐个数；count up to共计；count towards（按照获得某事物的条件）被包括在内 (be included as a qualification for sth.)；count up加起来cut across抄近路；cut away切掉；cut back减少；cut down砍倒, 削减；cut in插嘴；cut off关掉, 中断；cut out切掉, 停止；cut up切碎deal with对付derive from源自devoteTo将奉献给die away减弱, 淡化；die hard难改, 顽固；die down逐渐减弱；die from死于；die of死于；die off先后死去；die out灭绝differ from不同于do away with废除draw on临近, 利用, 动用；draw out引出, 拉长；draw up起草drop back/behind落后；drop in on顺便访问；drop off减少, 散去；drop out (of)退出, 缀学engage oneself in忙于enter for报名参加fall back on求助于feed on以为食figure out理解；计算出fill out填写focus on集中于get across为人理解；get along with与某人合得来；get around流传, 传播；get away with不因某事受到惩罚；get down下来, 记下；get on上车, 进展；get off下车, 离开；get over克服；get through通过, 打通电话；get up起床, 研究give away泄露, 出卖；give in让步, give off发出；give out分发, 发出；give up放弃go about着手；go after追逐；go against与背道而驰；go along with继续, 进展；go around四处走动, 流传；go back on食言, 违约；go for努力获取, 主张；go in for从事；go into调查, 详细阐述；go off离去, 爆炸, 熄灭；go on继续；go over复习；go through经历, 仔细检查；go up增长handed out散发；handed over移交；handed down传递；handed round传阅, 分发hang about徘徊；hang on坚持；hang onto依附, 求助于；hang up挂断（电话）, 搁置, 中断hold back忍住, 阻止；hold down镇压, 抑制；hold on别挂（电话）, 抓住；hold to坚持；hold up举起impose on强加于insist on坚持indulge in沉溺于interfere with干涉invest in投资于keep back忍住, 阻止向前；keep down镇压, 控制；keep off挡住, 让开；keep on坚持；keep out不让进入；keep up镇压, 控制, 使柔和；keep up with跟上knock down击倒；knock out击败lay aside搁置；lay down放下, 制定；lay off解雇；lay out展示lead to导致leave over留下let down使失望；let off放掉, 燃放lie in存在于live on靠生活；live through经历某事而幸存；live up to按照行事, 没有辜负；live with接受, 容忍look about环顾, 考虑；look around环顾, 考虑；look back to回顾；look down俯视；look into调查；look on旁观；look out留神；look through看穿；look up好转, 查阅make for向走去；make off逃走；make out辨认, 理解；make up构成, 化妆make up for弥补meet with遇见object to反对pay for偿还；pay off付清persist in坚持pick up用车接某人, 染上pull around使恢复；pull back撤回；pull down推倒；pull out拔出, 完成, （火车）离站；pull over（将车）停在路边；pull through恢复；pull up停下put away储存备用；put back放回原处, 推迟；put down放下, 平息；put off脱下, 推迟；put on穿上, 上演；put out生产, 发布, 扑灭；put up建造；put up with (tolerate)容忍reach for伸手去抓refer to参考resort to诉诸result in导致；result from起因于run across偶遇；run down用完, 疲惫；run through贯穿, 浏览；run into偶遇；run out (of)用完；run over碾过去, 溢出search for寻找see about负责, 查询；see off送行；see through看穿；see to照看；see to it that注意, 务必做到, 保证send for派人去请；sent off送行, 派遣set about开始, 着手；set down记下, 记载；set off出发；动身；使爆炸；引起；抵销；分开；衬托set out启程；set up建立；set back阻碍settle down定居show off炫燿；show up暴露, 到场stand by支持；stand for代表；stand out突出；stand up to勇敢抵抗, 面对, 经得住stick to坚持strive for力争submit to服从, 顺从talk back顶嘴；talk over商讨take after像；take apart拆开；take away使消失, 拿走；take back同意退货收, 收回说过的话；take down拆除, 记下；take for误认为；take in欺骗, 蒙蔽, 吸纳；take off起飞, 脱下, 取消；take on (assume)流行, 呈现, 承担；take out除去；take over接管；take to逃入, 对某人产生好感, 逐渐习惯于；take up占据；take effect生效；take part in参加；take place发生；take turns依次think of想起；think over仔细思考；think up想出turn away拒之门外, 拒绝帮助；turn back循原路走；turn down拒绝, 开低（音量）；turn in交还, 完成；turn on打开；turn off关掉；turned out产出；turn over打翻；turn to求助于；turn up出现wear off磨掉；逐渐减弱weed out 清除wipe out 消灭work off排除, 发泄；work on继续工作；work out算出, 制定出1. Modern forms of transportation and communication have done much to _ the isolation of life in Alaska. (43/9/03)A) break throughB) break downC) break intoD) break out2. It is much easier to talk about social change than to _. (50/1/91)A) bring it onB) bring it outC) bring it upD) bring it about3. We have to try every means to _ the costs of the construction project. (47/1/94)A) bring offB) bring forthC) bring downD) bring back4. Computer technology will _ a revolution in business administration. (56/12/03)A) bring aroundC) bring outB) bring aboutD) bring up5. Shes fainted. Throw some water on her face and shell _. (54/12/03)A) come roundC) come onB) come alongD) come out6. Anne couldnt concentrate _ what she was doing while her family were watching TV. (65/12/92)A) toB) forC) onD) in7. All Im trying to do is to _ why your condition has not improved. (43/6/88)A) look forB) find outC) search forD) get in8. The police are _ the records of all those involved in the crime. (57/6/92)A) looking intoB) looking afterC) looking outD) looking on9. I have had great deal of trouble _ the rest of the class. (46/1/95)A) coming up againstB) making up forC) keeping up withD) living up to10. The destruction of these treasures was a loss for mankind that no amount of money could _. (60/6/95)A) stand up toB) make up forC) come up withD) put up with11. A good friend is one who will _ you when you are in trouble. (59/6/90)A) stand forB) stand byC) stand up toD) stand up with12. The student was just about to _ the question, when suddenly he found the answer. (62/6/95)A) arrive atB) submit toC) work outD) give up13. When the whole area was _ by the flood, the government sent food there by helicopter. (70/1/89)A) cut awayB) cut downC) cut upD) cut off14. The manager needs an assistant that he can _ to take care of problems in his absence. (32/1/96)A) count onB) count inC) count upD) count out15. The doctor had almost lost hope at one point, but the patient finally _. (60/1/03)A) pulled outB) pulled throughC) pulled upD) pulled over16. I want to buy a new tie to _ this brown suit. (67/1/89)A) go intoB) go afterC) go withD) go by17. Then the speaker _ the various factors leading to the present economic crisis. (61/6/95)A) went afterB) went forC) went intoD) went on18. There are other problems which I dont propose to _ at the moment. (41/1/96)A) go intoB) go aroundC) go forD) go up19. A love marriage, however, does not necessarily _ much sharing of interests and responsibilities. (46/1/96)A) take overB) result inC) hold onD) keep to20. Mary is in bed with a fever and she cant hope to _ the cold in a few days. (45/1/91)A) get overB) get awayB) get offD) get out21. When I was very young, I was terribly frightened of school, but I soon _ it. (55/6/91)A) got offB) got acrossC) got awayD) got over22. The sports meet, originally due to be held last Friday, was finally _ because of the bad weather. (50/1/96)A) set offB) broken offC) worn offD) called off23. Lets not wait any longer, he might not _ at all. (64/12/92)A) turn overB) turn downC) turn onD) turn up24. This popular sports car is now being _ at the rate of a thousand a week. (68/1/94)A) turned downB) turned outB) turned upD) turned on25. The French pianist who had been praised very highly _ to be a great disappointment. (56/6/93)A) turned upB) turned inC) turned outD) turned down26. I waited for him half an hour, but he never _. (58/6/03)A) turned inB) turned downC) turned offD) turned up27. The engine _ smoke and steam. (56/1/90)A) gives upB) gives inC) gives awayD) gives off28. It is difficult to _ a conversation with all this noise around us. (53/6/88)A) carry onB) account forC) bring upD) get through29. They _ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions. (65/1/90)A) carried outB) carried offC) carried onD) carried forward30. When Mr. Jones gets old, he will _ over his business to his son (70/1/90)A) takeB) handC) thinkD) get31. In Britain today women _ 44% of the workforce, and nearly half the mothers with children are in paid work. (26/6/96)A) build upB) stand forC) make upD) conform to32. It suddenly occurred to Anne that money couldnt _ all that Bob had suffered in the past five years. (48/6/92)A) make up forB) make outC) live up toD) live through33. I cant _ what that object is. (66/1/89)A) make upB) make overC) make outD) make for34. When he realized the police had spotted him, the man _ the exit as quickly as possible. (64/1/99)A) made ofB) made forC) made outD) made up35. A well-written composition _ good choice of words and clear organization among other things. (32/6/96)A) calls onB) calls forC) calls upD) calls off36. She _ her trip to New York because she was ill. (41/6/03)A) called offB) closed downC) put upD) went off37. This article _ more attention to the problem of cultural interference in foreign language teaching and learning. (57/6/01)A) calls forB) applies forC) cares forD) allows for38. Our manager is _ an important customer now and he will be back this afternoon. (54/1/03)A) calling onB) calling inC) calling upD) calling for39. The store had to _ a number of clerks because sales were down. (38/6/96)A) lay outB) lay offC) lay asideD) lay down40. You are getting too old for football. Youd better _ tennis instead. (62/1/92)A) take inB) take upC) take forD) take over41. Important people dont often have much free time as their work _ all their time. (54/6/91)A) takes awayB) takes overC) takes upD) takes in42. Our son doesnt know what to _ at the university; he cant make up his mind about his future. (47/6/99)A) take overB) take afterC) take inD) take up43. Mr. Wilson said that he did not want to _ any further responsibilities. (46/6/93)A) take onB) get onC) put upD) look up44. The new appointment of our president _ from the very beginning of next semester. (27/1/97)A) takes effectB) takes partC) takes placeD) takes turns45. Frequently single-parent children _ some of the functions that the absent adult in the house would have served. (45/6/98)A) take offB) take afterC) take inD) take on46. Whenever a big company _ a small one, the product almost always gets worse. (69/6/03)A) gets on withB) cuts downC) takes overD) puts up with47. Id _ his reputation with other farmers and business people in the community, and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loan. (63/1/00)A) take into accountB) account forC) make up forD) make out48. It is not easy to learn English well, but if you _, you will succeed in the end. (31/1/97)A) hang upB) hang aboutC) hang onD) hang onto49. Because Edgar was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he _ his opinion. (60/6/97)A) struckB) strove forC) stuck toD) stood for50. I dont know why he _ in the middle of a sentence. (66/1/91)A) broke awayB) broke outC) broke throughD) broke off51. When a fire _ at the National Exhibition in London, at least ten priceless paintings were completely destroyed. (59/6/95)A) broke offB) broke outC) broke downD) broke up52. The car _ halfway for no reason. (46/1/98)A) broke offB) broke downC) broke upD) broke out53. Having decided to rent a flat, we _ contacting all the accommodation agencies in the city. (52/1/98)A) set aboutB) set downC) set outD) set up54. The continuous rain _ the harvesting of the wheat crop by two weeks. (50/12/03)A) set backC) set outB) set offD) set aside55. There was a big hole in the road which _ the traffic. (46/1/02)A) set backB) stood backC) held upD) kept down56. If you happen to _ my lost papers while youre looking for your book, please let me know at once by telephone.A) come upB) come acrossC) come toD) come over57. One day I _ newspaper article about the retirement of an English professor at a nearby state college. (55/1/98)A) came acrossB) came aboutC) came afterD) came at58. I can _ some noise while Im studying, but I cant stand loud noises. (69/1/89)A) come up withB) catch up withC) put up withD) keep up with59. We had to _ a lot of noise when the children were at home. (60/6/98)A) go in forB) hold on toC) put up withD) keep pace with60. Generous public funding of basic science would _ considerable benefits for the countrys health, wealth and security. (43/1/99)A) lead toB) result fromC) lie inD) settle down61. The speaker _ his notes before the lecture. (54/6/90)A) ran downB) ran intoC) ran overD) ran out62. The car wont start because the battery has _. (69/6/88)A) run upB) run overC) run downD) run off63. A lorry _ Janes cat and sped away. (67/6/99)A) ran downB) ran throughC) ran intoD) ran over64. The early pioneers had to _ many hardships to settle on the law land. (31/6/00)A) go along withB) go back on C) go throughD) go into65. It was unwise of him to _ the unreliable data in his speech. (44/6/92)A) add toB) refer toC) keep toD) point to66. I didnt know the word. I had to _ a dictionary. (35/6/00)A) look outB) make outC) refer toD) go over67. Young children soon _ words they hear their elders use. (44/6/88)A) put forwardB) look forward toC) turn upD) pick up68. Without proper lessons, you could _ a lot of bad habits when playing the piano. (47/1/01)A) keep upB) pick upC) draw upD) catch up69. As the old empires were broken up and new states were formed, new official tongues began to _ at an increasing rate. (68/12/03)A) bring upC) spring upB) build upD) strike up70. Everything we eat and drink contains some salt; we can meet the bodys need for it from natural sources without turning _ the salt bottle. (48/1/01)A) upB) toC) onD) over71. None of us expected the chairman to _ at the party. We thought he was still in hospital. (63/1/02)A) turn inB) turn overC) turn upD) turn down72. If you suspect that the illness might be serious, you should not _ going to the doctor. (47/6/88)A) pick outB) make outC) give offD) put off73. If you suspect that the illness might be serious you should not _ going to the doctor. (62/1/95)A) put offB) hold backC) put asideD) hold up74. I always _ what I have said. (61/6/91)A) get toB) hold toC) lead toD) see to75. I cant understand how you _ these unpleasant surroundings. (41/1/92)A) put outB) put downC) put up withD) put forward76. In Disneyland, every year, some 800,000 plants are replaced because Disney refused to _ signs asking his “guests ” not to step on them. (56/1/01)A) put downB) put outC) put upD) put off77. Medical research has shown that the widespread use of cigarettes contributes _ the increase of cancers. (62/1/94)A) towardsB) forC) withD) to78. Franklins ability to learn from observations and experience _ greatly to his success in public life. (69/12/92)A) owedB) contributedC) attachedD) related79. Eating too much fat can _ hear disease and cause high blood pressure. (55/6/01)A) contribute toB) attribute toC) attend toD) devote to80. When Mr. Jones gets old, he will _ over his business to his son. (70/1/90)A) takeB) handC) thinkD) get81. The bed has been _ in the family. It was my great-grandmothers originally. (70/1/01)A) handed outB) handed overC) handed downD) handed round82. I would never have _ a court of law if I hadnt been so desperate. (66/6/02)A) sought forB) accounted forC) turned upD) resorted to二、习惯用语1. We regret to inform you that the materials you ordered are _. (63/6/93)A) out of workB) out of stockC) out of reachD) out of practice2. Jack is good, kind, hard working and intelligent. _ I cant speak too highly of him. (61/1/89)A) as a resultB) in a wordC) by the wayD) on the contrary3. To be sure, some insects can build complex societies _ different types of individuals performing different tasks. (53/1/92)A) taken fromB) made ofC) composed ofD) developed from4. After a long and exhausting journey, they arrived _. (64/1/89)A) till the lastB) at lastC) by the endD) at the end5. It has been rather costly to install the machinery, but it will prove to be worth the money _. (65/1/91)A) in conclusionB) in the long runC) at long lastD) at the end6. When you have been turned down _. Youll need a lot of courage to go on your work. (52/6/88)A) time and againB) all the timesC) for a long timeD) most of the time7. The computer has brought about surprising technological changes _ we organize a produce information. (64/12/93)A) in a wayB) in the wayC) in that wayD) in no way8. He is late again today. Ill _ that he will not be late tomorrow. (66/1/94)A) be sureB) hope forC