黑龙江省学农产品物流园区的发展研究外文翻译.doc

黑龙江省学农产品物流园区的发展研究外文翻译 外文翻译原文A study of Agricultural Produce Logistics Park Development in Heilongjiang Province Material Source:/.Author:Wei Heng, Meng Die Abstract: As one of Chinas leading agricultural bases the research into the construction of agricultural produce logistics parks in Heilongjiang will be of great significance in the process of modernizing the Provinces farming undertakings. This paper expounds the feasibilities of constructing farming produce logistics parks in Heilongjiang Province as well as analyses the problems that should be avoided in this area. Meanwhile,the paper proposes some solutions to dealing with the possible problems with a view to giving constructive suggestions to the development and construction of such parks in this northeastern province.Key words: Heilongjiang Province; Agricultural produce; Logistics parks1 Introduction With the further development of logistics industries, particular logistics parks will come into being. And the designs and construction of such parks will gradually become one of the important factors to constitute modem logistics industries. Since the construction of logistics parks in foreign countries aims at alleviating traffic burdens, the relevant departments attach great importance to the consequences caused by transportation and environment in the parks building process. And the scale benefits of such parks are obtained through the improvement of fundamental service facilities and favorable policies carried out by the governments Wu Wenbing, 2006. Many of the domestic scholars and logistics parks designers are brainstorming certain modes fit for China while drawing on experiences from their foreign counterparts. Meanwhile they are becoming more and more aware of the parks intensive functions and scale benefit effects. However, short history of logistics parks in China resulted in unclear positioning, improper layouts, redundant construction and resources wastesLu Yubo & Wei Fang, 2006. The suggestions concluded in the contemporary researches that deal with the barriers mainly include the predictions of needs,scientific location selection, market operation and supports from the governmentsChen Daifen & Zheng Hongjun, 2007. But the current researches are shy of suggestions such as comprehensive management means, the training of professional staff members and risk prevention. Heilongjiang is one of Chinas most important grain producers and the development of agricultural produce logistics parks in the province is of great significance in promoting the modernization of the regions agriculture. The agricultural produce logistics parks are composed of centralized farming products logistics organizations and facilities and multifunctional grain processing enterprises that could realize the intensified shipment and processing of agricultural produce. Heilongjiang is one of Chinas most important grain producers and the development of agricultural produce logistics parks in the province is of great significance in promoting the modernization of the regions agriculture.2 The feasibilities of constructing farming produce logistics parks in Heilongjiang2.1 Rapid agricultural development, high rates of market grains Heilongjiang is rich in agricultural produce. See tablet 1Little proportions of the annual grain output could meet the provinces self-needs, and the rest will be delivered to the markets. Large quantity of agricultural products needs improved and modem logistics infrastructure. Meanwhile the phenomenon makes the intensive effects of logistics parks possible.Table1: Outputs effects of HLJs major farm produce in 2006, Unit: 10,000 tonsGrain beanoilflaxbeet vegetable Melon& fruit meetmilk3780 689.3 63.120.5 2051135.6366.6 319.6 464.6Source: Heilongjiang Statistical Almanac 20072.2 Improved infrastructure The rail lines, roads,inland river routes and civil air routs in Heilongjiang Province extend 5503 km, 139,335 km, 5,528 km and 138,845 km respectively. An initial comprehensive communication network with Harbin as the centerpiece that radiates the whole province and links the other provinces and the Northeast Asian countries has been formed. In addition, modem telecommunication, TV and radio and computer networks have been formed. They include the public networks and the auxiliary special information networks. Convenient communication networks and improved telecommunication facilities help lay foundations for the construction of Heilongjiangs agricultural logistics parks2.3 Favorable policies The strategy of revitalizing the old industrial bases in northeast China brought historic opportunities to the economic development in this region as well as created a favorable environment for the rapid development of logistics here. The Outline for Heilongjiangs Logistics Development in the 11th Five-year Plan gives the details of the provinces logistics layouts and major development directions. Meanwhile, the Development Outline in Harbin in the 11th Five-year Plan also put forward the construction of a city logistics system. The encouragement and support from the governments will do speed up the development of Heilongjiangs agricultural produce logistics parks.2.4 Stable development of market circulating system of agricultural produce So far 142 agricultural wholesale markets have been established throughout Heilongjiang Province with 34 of which could realize over 100 million Yuan RMB in trade volume annually. Meanwhile the province also has 1,744 urban and rural fairs. Agricultural produce export platforms with Harbin Hada Fruits Wholesale Market, Oiqihar Farm Produce Wholesale Market, Heihe Vegetable and Fruit Export Trade Center, Beian Exporting Farm Produce to Russia Market as carriers, have came into being. A stable developing agricultural produce circulating system created a favorable environment for the operations of agricultural produce logistics parks on a certain scale.3 Problems that should be avoided in the process of constructing agricultural produce logistics parks in Heilongjiang3.1 Avoiding lack of scientific outlines and blindly construction Currently, most of the regions fail to take the radiate effects of the parks into full consideration that results in redundant construction. If short of comprehensive analyses of logistics needs, inappropriate positioning, redundant construction and resources waste will appear.3.2 Avoiding governments over-interfering The construction and operation of agricultural produce logistics parks are indispensable to the participation of governing bodies. Affected by the traditional systems, governments are prone to play a double-role “owner and operator” in this area. The over-interfering from the governments frequently makes logistics parks fail to bring their full initiatives into full play. As a result, the guiding role or markets will not be obvious. Therefore, over interfering from governments should be avoided in a let “markets” control the parks.3.3 Avoiding the inexplicitness of parks concept and function Heilongjiang only has a short development history of agricultural produce logistics parks and is uncertain about the concept and function of such parks. Usually, logistics parks are wrongly considered as logistics centers. As a matter of fact, logistics parks are a combination of resources, management, techniques and other factors in different logistics centers. The inexplicitness of parks functions will lead to the irrational construction layouts, irregular operation and incomplete services. To be honest, this should be avoided in the process of the provinces agricultural produce logistics parks construction.3.4 Avoiding low-1evel logistics services Currently, the agricultural produce logistics in Heilongjiang Province are merely in the phase of simple storage transportation and processing the self-operated logistics enterprises only eye the daffy production but ignore the circulation. The province boasts a number of general warehouses but is short of low-temperature and refrigerator warehouses specially designed for farming produce. The level of mechanization is low and most of the work is completed through manpower. In addition, E-commerce witnesses a slow development in the province in this area. Broadband network has not been widely applied. The circulating processing and packaging should be strengthened. To sum up,Heilongjiang Province should give priorities to the development of regulated, information. Oriented, standardized and comprehensive agricultural produce logistics parks.3.5 Being aware of the importance of the parks integrity Currently, the investments in infrastructure are advocated but the management within the administration is ignored. The enterprises in the parks mainly involve storage and transportations that ignore the cooperation with insurance and financial institutions. Driven by self-interests, the enterprises are prone to put the parks overall interests aside. As a result, low-level services, incomplete functions and ragged service standards will appear in the parks, which hinder the further and rapid development of Heilongjiangs agricultural produce logistics parks on a certain scale.3.6 Avoiding being empty of professionals Alack of logistics specialists is the major reason that the logistics parks services feature low levels. Currently, the province is short of high-level logistics professionals. Only the HIT, Harbin University of Commerce, Heilongjiang Bayi Reclamation University and Heilongjiang Institute of Engineering have opened logistics management courses, however, the students of the higher learning institutions only major in industry related logistics. Therefore the professionals who have good commands of agricultural logistics operating procedures, parks construction, E-commerce and information management are in great need in this northeastern province. Meanwhile, it is difficult to attract such professionals to work in Heilongjiang. All the status quo hinders the development of Heilongjiangs farming produce logistics parks4 Solutions to constructing better agricultural produce logistics parks in Heilongjiang4.1 Being clear of the parks orientation Scientific market investigation and research must be done prior to the designs of any logistics parks. The 10cation setting of the parks should be in line with the practicalities of supply and need. The orientation setting of the agricultural produce logistics parks in Heilongjiang should be considered based on the economic development level of the province. The detailed analyses into the service value-added potentials should be made. All the preparations should be able to bring the initiatives of the parks into full play. Meanwhile the parks should be able to further stimulate the development of agriculture and logistics industry.4.2 Scientific location selection, rational layout The construction of logistics parks is a complicated and large project and the site selection and layout should be given priority. The principle of adjusting measure to local conditions should follow in site selection and layout. Implementation plans should be made prior to the parks general designs.Meanwhile.it is necessary to set targets in different phases and establish assessment mechanism in a bid to make sure the smooth development of the parks construction. Also the construction of the parks should be in line with the practical needs of the modem agriculture in Heilongjiang.4.3 Setting clear strategic plans The marginal areas of Harbin, Qiqihar, Mudanjiang and Daqing could be chosen as agricultural produce logistics park sites.Within one to five years, one or two farming produce logistics parks could be constructed and a number of logistics agricultural processing and trade enterprises could be attracted there. The initial services of the parks cover storage, transportation and distribution. Within five to ten years three or four large scale modem multi-functional agricultural produce logistics parks could be constructed. The administrations could bring various enterprises and services institutions to their parks. And closer partnerships with financial, communications, customs, industry and commerce and taxation departments should form. The parks will integrate the functions like packaging, circulating processing and assemble and distribution as a whole.4.4 Sticking to market-oriented principle The provincial government should convert their functions and strengthen services and turn the logistics parks into a fair,just and open competing platform for the logistics enterprises. In the construction and operation of the parks, the government should be well aware that the enterprises are the “actors” and they ate only a “guide”. A market oriented logistics park mode is necessary.4.5 Strengthening the construction of “software” and “hardware, improving service levels First of all, an improved agricultural produce logistics storage and transportation system should be realized.More efforts should be made in the construction of heat preservation and refrigerator warehouses.Temperature control and anti-damp devices should be installed.All the efforts aim at reducing the circulating costs of the agricultural produce. Second, modem management systems in the parks should be established. Services should be paid more attention. Meanwhile, the staff should further regulate the parks operations and improve the standardized levels. Third, the information network within the parks should be formed. An internal network will be of great significance in the real-time tracking and whole-process management to the enterprises in the parks.4.6 Paying more attention to the training and attraction of processionals Logistics professionals are crucial to the development of the special parks. Thus, Heilongjiang Province should step up efforts to the training and nurturing of such professionals. The capabilities of the logistics parks planners need improving. The efforts made by governments, higher learning institutions and enterprises could help fulfill this goal. The professionals should have good commands of agricultural produce logistics, parks designs, E-commerce and info-management. Meanwhile, the educational and training programs arranged by the parks should be encouraged. A series of talents, attraction systems should be established in order to meet the short and long terms needs of the province.4.7 Introducing more favorable policies Since the construction of agricultural logistics parks require long Cyc and huge investments, the authorities should introduce necessary favorable policies in land use, financing and tax levying. The governments should create a better environment for the parks development and investment-attraction. The governments should introduce detailed standards for the land remising funds and the validity and offer certain favorable policies. Meanwhile relevant departments Call give discount loans and money, 1ending vouching to stimulate the construction and development of the farming produce 109isties parks. Within certain periods the governments can reduce or scrap the taxes levied on from the enterprises operating in the parks. For instance, in the first two years after the operation of the parks, the taxes could be exempted. And in the following three years, the enterprises can enjoy tax reduction favorable policies. All aims to push for the parks development.4.8 paying more attention to risks Since the investments are huge and the operating duration is long 30-50 yrs, it is difficult to get the returns in a short period and the short-term profits arc difficult to calculate. As a result, the operating risks of the parks arc relatively high. Therefore, the relevant departments should pay more attention to the predictions of logistics needs. Long-term development plans that cover within garden resource conformity should be introduced. Meanwhile warning and risk-avoiding mechanism should be established. The administra