高中英语冠词用法口诀[1].doc

高中英语冠词用法口诀 一、定冠词的用法。特指双熟悉，上文已提及;世上独无二，序数最高级; 某些专有名，习语及乐器。 以上口诀归纳了用定冠词的一般情况，即：特指某些人或物谈话双方都熟悉的人或事 上文已经提到的人或事 世界上独一无二的事物前 序数词形容词最高级前 某些专有名词前 一些习惯短语(如：in the day等)中和乐器前(如：play the violin / piano)。 二、不用冠词的集中情况。 下列情况应免冠，代词限定名词前; 专有名词不可数，学科球类三餐饭; 复数名词表泛指，两节星期月份前; 颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔。以上口诀主要概括了一般应“免冠”的几种情况，即： 名词前已有作定语用的this、that、some、any、my等限定词。 专有名词和不可数名词前。表示学科的(如：maths、Chinese、physics)名词前。 球类活动的名词前及三餐总称前。复数名词表示泛指(一类人或事)时。 节日、季节、星期、月份前。 表示颜色(如：Its red / yellow.)、语种(如：speak English/Japanese)和国家的非全称名词(如：We live in China. They come from America.)。 在称呼或表示头衔的名词前。 某些习惯短语中(如：in bed、go to school等)。 沙漠河流与群山，列岛海峡与海湾。阶级党派国家名，组织团体与机关。方位朝代独一词，会议条约与报刊。乐器建筑影剧院，复姓年代海洋船。特指提过人共知，限定抽象单名前。序数全家名词化，序数最高festival前。抓打人体某部位，带language指语言。还有许多惯用法，定冠可添不可删。莫忘规律有例外，灵活使用是关键。一、定冠词的用法。江河海洋与群山， 沙漠群岛海峡湾。阶级党派朝代名， 家族民族与报刊。厂矿机关农历节， 天体组织会议船。习语特指独有词， 普通名词专有含。计量代位洋乐器， 人的事物再次谈。方位次序最高级， 前面都需用定冠。注：江河、海洋与群山，如：the Changjiang River 长江 the Thames 泰晤士河the Red Sea 红海the Pacific 太平洋 the Baltic 波罗的海the Tien-shan Mountains天山山脉 the Alps阿尔卑斯山沙漠、群岛、海峡湾，指：1）沙漠：the Sahara Desert撒哈拉沙漠 the Gobi戈壁2）群岛：The Philippines 菲律宾群岛the Balkan Peninsula巴尔士半岛the British Isles不列颠群岛3）海峡与海湾：the English Channel英伦海峡the Taiwan Straits 台湾海峡the Persian Gulf波斯湾阶级、党派、朝代名，如：1）阶级：the proletariat无产阶级the working class工人阶级the nobility 贵族阶级2）党派：the Communist Party共产党the Labour Partyl党the Republican Party共和党3）朝代：the Tang Dynasty唐朝the Ming Dynasty明朝the Stone Age石器时代家族、民族、报刊，如：1）家族：The Browns get along well with their neighbours布朗一家和邻居们相处得很好。这里请注意：定冠词和姓氏的复数形式连用时，指“全家人”。如上例。定冠词和姓氏的单数形式连用时，则指同一姓氏几个人中的某一个人。如：Id like to see the MrTom who teaches French我想见一下教法语的那位汤姆先生（意即还有从事其他工作的汤姆）。2）民族：定冠词和表示民族的词连用时指“整个民族”。The Chinese are a brave and hard working people中华民族是一个勤劳勇敢的民族。The English have a wonderful sense of humour英国人十分富有幽默感。3）报刊杂志名，如：the Peoples Daily 人民日报 the Daily Mail每日电讯报the Times泰晤士报the Atlantic大西洋日刊厂矿、机关、农历节，指：1）厂矿，如：the Anshan Iron and Steel鞍山钢铁厂the Beijing No2 Textile Mill北京第二棉纺厂2）机关，如：the Ministry of Education教育部the State Department美国国务院3）农历节，如：the Mid-Autumn Festival中秋节the Spring Festival春节the Dragon Boat Festival端午节天体、组织、会议、船，指：1）天体，如：the Earth地球 the Sun太阳 the sky天空2）组织，如：the Communist Youth League共青团the Communist Party共产党3）会议，如：the 11th Party Congress第十一次党代会the Geneva Agreement日内瓦协议4）船舶（也包括火车、飞机名称前），如：the Queen Mary玛丽女王号（船名）the Flying Scotsman苏格兰飞人号（快车）the Comet 彗星号（飞机名）习语、特指、独有词，指1）习语，如：在某些固定搭配中，有些习语要求用定冠词；如不用冠词，则含义不同，试比较：in the trade内行，行家in trade做买卖in the case of对而言（来说）in case万一，以防take the air呼吸新鲜空气take air传播、泄露2）特指：表示某一个（或某些）特定的人或物（即“特指”）时，用定冠词。He came to the decision that he must act at once他做出了（必须）立即行动的决定。（特指那个决定）The manager in charge of the work is very conscientious负责那项工作的经理非常认真负责。（经理和工作都是特指）当表示“那唯一的”、“那正是”和“那理想的”等意思时，已含“特指”之意，需用定冠词。例：That is the person I was looking for那正是我刚才在找的词典。That is the phrase to be used this way那是可以这样用的唯一的短语。定冠词和某些形容词连用时，“特指”某类人和物，需用定冠词。Dont expect me to do the impossible不要指望我做那种不可能做到的事。3）独有词（参见注释“天体”，表示世上独一无二的事物）不定冠词常用的几种情况（1）表示“一”相当于“one”。Ill return in a day or two.（2）表示“每”相当于“per”。We have three meals a day.（3）表示“同一性”相当于“the same”。The children are of an age. （4）表示类指，表示“某类”。He wants to he a doctor.（5）表示泛指，相当于“any”。A horse is a useful animal.（6）表示某一个，相当于“a certain”。A Mr. Smith is asking to see you. （7）与抽象名词连用，可以表示“一场、一次、一件”，如：a pleasure一件乐事，a surprise一件令人惊讶的事，a joy一件高兴的事，a pity一件遗憾的事，an honour一个（件）经以为荣的人(事)。（8）与物质名词连用，表示“一种，一阵、一份”。What a heavy rain! What a good supper!Please give me a black coffee!（9）不可数名词前一般不加不定冠词。但某些物质名词和抽象名词如：tea, rain, water, snow, ink ,soup, coffee，surprise, pity, pleasure, joy, education, history, love, courage, success, failure, beauty, knowledge等前常加不定冠词用来表示”一种”、”一类”、“一场”、”一阵”、”一番”、“具体的人或事”等意。如：What a big supper he had! He was really hungry He is a success他成功了。冠词表类别的常见方式（1）定冠词 + 单数可数名词，表示一个，代表一类。The computer was invented in 1945.The TV set was invented by Joan Baird.The horse is a useful animal.（2）不定冠词 + 单数可数名词（表示任意一个，某一个）。A pen is a tool for writing.A square has four sides.A horse is a useful animal.注意：man, woman表示泛指时，不用冠词，且常用单数。如：Man is fighting a battle against pollution.Man tries to be the protector of woman.（3）可数名词或不可数名词，指类别（考虑到同类中的各个情况）。Horses are useful animals.Rice is a kind of food.二、不用冠词的集中情况。 下列情况应免冠，代词限定名词前; 专有名词不可数，学科球类三餐饭; 复数名词表泛指，两节星期月份前; 颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔。以上口诀主要概括了一般应“免冠”的几种情况，即： 名词前已有作定语用的this、that、some、any、my等限定词。 专有名词和不可数名词前。表示学科的(如：maths、Chinese、physics)名词前。 球类活动的名词前及三餐总称前。复数名词表示泛指(一类人或事)时。 节日、季节、星期、月份前。 表示颜色(如：Its red / yellow.)、语种(如：speak English/Japanese)和国家的非全称名词(如：We live in China. They come from America.)。 在称呼或表示头衔的名词前。Whats this, Father? We made him our chairman.某些习惯短语中(如：in bed、go to school等)。 在与by连用的交通工具名称前不加冠词。by car, by bus,by bike, by train, by air/ water/ land但：take a bus, come in a boat, on the train/ bus需注意。）系动词turn（作“变成”解）后作表语的单数可数名词前习惯不用冠词。The young girl has turned writer.二、六年高考试题（20002006）1. It is often said that _ teachers have _ very easy life.A. 不填；不填B. 不填；aC. the, 不填D. the, a2. I knew _ John Lennon, but not _ famous one.A. 不填；aB. a；theC. 不填；theD. the；a3. I cant remember when exactly the Robinsons left _ city. I only remember it was _ Monday.A. the, the B. a, the C. a, a D. the, a4. On May 5, 2005, at _World Table Tennis Championship, Kong Linghui and Wang Hao won the gold medal in mens doubles with _ score of 4: 1.A. a; a B. 不填; the C. a; 不填 D. the; a5. If you grow up in _ large family, you are more likely to develop _ ability to get on well with _ others.A/; an; the Ba; the; /Cthe; an; theDa; the; the6. If you go by _ train, you can have quite a comfortable journey, but make sure you get _ fast one.Athe; theB不填；aCthe; aD不填；不填7. Mrs. Taylor has _ 8-year-old daughter who has _ gift for paintingshe has won two national prizes.Aa; a Ban; the Can; a Dthe; a8. After dinner he gave Mr. Richardson _ ride to _ Capital Airport.A. the; a B. a; the C. 不填; a D.不填; the9. This book tells _ life story of John Smith, who left _ school and worked for a newspaper at the age of 16.Athe; the Ba; the Cthe; 不填Da; 不填10. When you come here for your holiday next time, dont go to _ hotel; I can find you _ bed in my flat.A. the; a B. the; / C. a; the D. a; /11. Tom owns _ larger collection of _ books than any other student in our class.A. the; / B. a; / C. a; the D. /; the12. For a long time they walked without saying _ word, Jim was the first to break _ silence. A. the; a B. a; the C. a;/ D. the; /13. When he left _ college, he got a job as _ reporter in a newspaper office.A. /; a B. /; the C. a; the D. the; the14. The most important thing about cotton in history is _ part that it played in _ Industrial Revolution. A. /;/ B. the; / C. the; the D. a; the15. The Wilsons live in _ A-shaped house near the coast. It is _ 17th century cottage.A. the;/ B. an; the C. /; the D. an; a16. While he was investigating ways to improve the telescope, Newton made _ discover which completely changed _ mans understanding of color. A. a;/ B. a; the C. /; the D. the; a17. When you finish reading the book .you will have better understanding of life .Aa; the Bthe; a C不填; the Da; 不填18. It is _world of wonders, world where anything can happen.Aa ;the Ba; a Cthe ; aD不填；不填19. If you buy more than ten, they knock 20 pence off _.A. a price B. price C. the price D. prices20. _ on -going division between English -speaking Canadians and French-speaking Canadians is _ major concern of the country. A. The; 不填B. The; a C. An; the D. An; 不填21. As a rule, domestic servants doing odd jobs are paid _. A. by the hourB. by hour C. by an hour D. by hours22. - I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over _ keyboard. - You shouldnt put drinks near _ computer.A. the ; 不填B. the ; a C. a ; 不填D. a ; a23. In_ review off 44 studies, American researchers found that men and women who ate six key foods daily cut the risk of _heart disease by 76%.A. a; the B. the; a C. a;不填D.不填;a24. Of all reasons for my decision to become a university professor, my fathers advice was most important one.A .the; a B.不填；a C.不填;theD. the; the25. For him _ stage is just _ means of making a living.A. a; a B. the; a C. the ; the D. a; the26. According to_World Health Organization, health care plans are needed in all big cities to prevent _spread of AIDS.(shanxi)A. the;不填B. the; the C. a; a D.不填;the27. Dont worry if you cant come to _ party. - Ill save _ cake for you.A. the ; some B. a ; much C. the ; an D. a ; little28. I know you dont like _ music very much. But what do you think of _ music in the film we saw yesterday?A. /; / B. the; theC. the; / D. /; the29. - Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith? - Sorry, wrong number. There isnt_ Mr. Smith here.A. 不填 B. a C. the D. one30. _ box cannot be lifted by a boy of five.A. So a heavy B. So heavy a C. A such heavy D. Such heavy a 31. It is generally believed that teaching is _ it is a science.A. an art much as B. much an art as C. as an art much as D. as much an art as32. Many people agree that _ knowledge of English is a must in _ international trade today.A. a;/ B. the; a C. the; the D. /; the33. One way to understand thousands of new words is to gain _ good knowledge of basic word formation.A. / B. the C. a D. one34. Wouldnt it be _ wonderful world if all nations lived in _ peace with one another?A. a; / B. the; / C. a; the D. /; the35. I dont like talking on _ telephone; I prefer writing _ letters.A. a; the B. the; / C. the; the D. a; /36. The cakes are delicious. Hed like to _ third one because _ second is rather too small.A. a; a B. the; the C. a; the D. the; a 37. The sigh read “In case of _ fire, break the glass and push _ red button.”A. /; a B. /; the C. the; the D. a; a 38. Summers in _ south of France are for _ most part dry.A. /; a B. the; / C. /; / D. /; the39. The warmth of _ sweater will of course be determined by the sort of _ wood used.A. the; the B. the; / C. /; the D. /; /三、冠词模拟试题1. The British policeman has _ several nicknames, but _ most frequently used are “copper” and “baby”.A. /; / B. the; a C. /; the D. the; the2. What _ beautiful weather! Great for _ holiday.A. a; a B. the; the C. the; a D. /; a 3. In face of _ failure, it is the most important to keep up _ good state of mind.A. /; a B. a; / C. the; / D. /; the4. The driver was at _ loss when _ word came that he was forbidden to drive for speeding.A. a; / B. a; the C. the; the D. /; /5. We had _ really cold February this year.I cant remember _ spring when it snowed in Nantong.A. a; / B. /; the C. the; a D. a; a 6. _ friend of my grandfathers will come tomorrow. Im wondering how old _ man he might be.A. The; a B. The; the C. A; a D. A; the7. This is out of _ question an example of an important rule that applies to all machines. Thank you for your explanation, but it left me none _ wiser.A. the; a B. a; the C. /; the D. a; /8. She cant remember exactly when he first met her at _ airport, but she is sure it was on _ Friday morning.A. the; / B. the; a C. an; one D. /; a9. _ is without _ doubt the most magnificent of the big cats.A. The tiger; a B. The tiger; / C. Tiger; / D. A tiger; the10. Gu Qiu bei, _ fourth-year student as Shanghai International Studies University, took the “21st Centure Ericsson Cup”, _ winning prize.A. the; the B. a; the C. a; / D. the; a 11. In China, _ car is becoming _ popular means of transportation.A. the; a B. a; / C. the; the D. a; the12. Young as he is, David has gained _ rich experience in _ society.A. the; the B. a; / C. /; / D. /; the13. China first-ever F1 race has proved _ great success. It provides _ platform for Chinese companies to connect with the international market.A. a; a B. /; a C. /; the D. the; the14. As _ unemployment is very high at the moment, its hard for people to find _ work.A. the; / B. /; / C. the; a D. an; the15. Higher temperatures turning the large ice sheet to water would cause _ rise in sea levels world wide and change _ weather on earth.A. a; the B. the; / C. a; / D. /; the16. John had made up his mind to give it up, but on _ second thought he determined to try _ third time.A. /; a B. /; / C. a; a D. the; a 17. All these changes will lead to _ stronger and more powerful China, _ country that can surprise and enrich our planet.A. a; a B. a; the C. the; a D. the; the18. We had _ really damp October this year.I cant remember _ autumn when it rained so much.A. a; / B. /; the C. the; an D. a; an19. _ Grand Canyon is famous for its natural beauty as _ wonder of Nature.A. The; a B. /; the C. The; / D. /; a20. We lived in _wooden house at the foot of the mountain, which was _ 18th century building.A. /; the B. a; an C. a; / D. the; a21. Im _ Chinese and I do feel _ Chinese language is _ most beautiful language.A. /; the; a B. a; /; the C. a; the; / D. a; /; a 22. The size of the generation gap seems to be spreading with _ rapid changes in technology, in education, in transportation and in communication that are taking place all over _ globe.A. the; the B. the; / C. /; / D. /; the23. I hear that more than one hundred thousand people were killed in the big tsunami.Yes, _ news came as _ shock to us all.A. a; a B. the; a C. /; a D. /; /24. Has the little boy passed _ PE test?He has tried twice, and the teacher will allow him to have _ third try.A. the; / B. a; the C. the; a D. the; the25. Would you like _ knife and fork, or would you rather use _ chopsticks, sir?A. the; the B. a; / C. /; the D. /; /26. Who do you think will take _ office next month and become _ president of that country?A. a; the B. /; / C. the; / D. /; a 27. Although he knew _ little about _ large amo