四六级听力常考词汇和习语.doc

四六级听力常考词汇和习语购物消费convenience store 便利店chain store 连锁店supermarket 超市department store 百货大楼mall 购物中心grocery 杂货店sales man 售货员customer 顾客complaint 投诉display展示counter 柜台balance 额，结余budget 预算luxurious items 奢侈品bargain 便宜货，讨价还价catalog 商品目录famous brands 名牌stationery 文具cosmetics 化妆品sports goods 体育用品electronic products 电子类产品digital video camera 数码摄像机Womens wear 女士服装Mens wear 男士服装discount 折扣shpping list 购物单receipt 收据on sale 出售，减价售出sell out 售完out of stock 没货in stock 有现货deliver 送货closing time 停业时间in season 正合时令past the prime 过了最好的时候sell nothing but the best 只卖最好的2.居家琐事trivial affairs 日常琐事housework 家务活house keeper 管家housemaid 女佣housewife 家庭主妇laundry 洗衣店iron 熨斗fix the dinner 摆下饭桌clear up 清理in a mess 杂乱hoover 真空吸尘器vacuum cleaner 真空吸尘器cleaning and washing 洗洗刷刷keep an eye on 照料household expenses 家务开支keep down the cost 降低开支budget 预算economical 经济的，节俭的open an account 开户deposit 存款withdraw 取（钱）interest rate 利率exchange rate 汇率property 财产debt 债务pay off 还清addresser 寄信人addressee 收信人parcel 包裹postage 邮费registered letter 挂号信zip/postal code 邮政编码3.日常交往leisure time 闲暇时间date 约会call on sb. 拜访某人take a message 捎口信keep contact保持联系Hospital 好客的telephone booth 公用电话亭pay phone 投币式公用电话long-distance call 长途电话hang up 挂上电话hold on 别挂电话operator接线员4.休闲娱乐hobby 爱好keep pets 养宠物tame dogs 驯狗gardening 园艺play chess 下象棋play cards 打牌computer games 电脑游戏gossip 闲话，喜欢谈论别人私生活的人TV channels 电视频道broadcast 广播，播放live broadcast 现场直播programme 电视节目documintary 纪录片commercial advertisement 商业广告TV theatre 电视剧场tennis court 网球场football match 足球比赛World Cup 世界杯entertainment industry 娱乐行业performance 表演violence movie 暴力片comedy 喜剧tragedy 悲剧horror movie 恐怖片plot 情节entertaining 有趣的，愉快的enthusiastic 热情的clap 拍掌，鼓掌5.外出就餐waiter/waitress 服务员order 点菜menu 菜单snack 快餐,小吃dessert 甜点appetizer 开胃菜red wine 红酒toast 烤面包，吐司junk food 垃圾食品roast 烤肉mutton 羊肉pork 猪肉beef steak 牛排rare 半熟的medium 中午熟度done 老的，煮熟了的join in sb. For dinner 与共进野餐treat 款待，宴请make a reservation 预定cater 提供饮食及服务have a picnic 野餐buffet 自助餐6.注册register 注册，报道，登记enrolment 登记，入学department 系，学部student ID card 学生证recommendation letter 推荐信application form 申请表7.选课semester 学期quit 放弃drop a course 放弃一门课程take a course 选课pick up 学习，选择major in 主修outline 大纲，概要repuired/compulsory course 必修课optional/elective class 选修课curriculum 课程linguistics 语言学philosophy 哲学psychology 心理学literature class 文学课8.听课professor 教授supervisor 导师tutor 家教teaching assistant 教学助理dean 系主任seminar 专门研讨会give a lecture 作讲座make speech 作演讲make a presentation 作陈述或介绍take notes 记笔记specialist vocabulary 专业词汇build the interest 培养兴趣absence 缺席presence出席active involvement 积极参与punctual 塞，准时skip the class 逃课make it up 弥补9.作业assignment 作业homework 家庭作业experiment report 实验报告figure out 想出hand in 上交have ones hands full with 忙于做deadline 最后期限an extension of the deadline 延时criticism 批评，批判feedback 反馈10.读书book review 书评journal 定期刊物magazine 杂志periodical 期刊editorial 社论extra copy 额外的副本volume 册reference book 参考书subscribe 订阅out of stock 脱销out of print 已绝版hardcover edition 精装本paperback edition 平装本publication 出版，出版物publishing house 出版社get through this novel 从头至尾看小说read selectively 选择性阅读buy out the bookstore 买了很多书go over/review 复习improvement 进步，提高lack confidence in 缺乏信心distraction 使人分心的事物concentration 集中enthusiasm 热情diligence 勤奋come up with 赶上be strict with 对严厉11.考试quiz 小测验standardized tests 标准测试national test 统考cancel/call off 取消postpone/put off 推迟reschedule 重新安排时间credit学分passing score 及格分score/mark 分数paper 论文draft 初稿school of thought 思想学派research method 研究方法stay up 熬夜cheating 作弊fall short of ones expectation 出乎意料disappointing 令人失望的satisfactory 令人满意的graduation 毕业graduate 毕业生post graduate 研究生further study 进修advanced study 进修study abroad 留学tuition 学费fee 学杂费financial aids 助学金（总称）fellowship/scholarship 奖学金a student loan 学生贷款12.求职面试job hunting 找工作want ads 招聘广告position 职位opening/vacancy 空缺opportunity 机会inquiry 询问consult 咨询resume 简历application letter 求职信interview 面试interviewee 面试者interviewer 面试官impression 印象confident 自信的inexperienced 没有经验的unemployment 失业lose ones job 失业full-time job 全职工作part-time job 兼职工作do odd jobs 做零工fire 解雇hire 雇佣retire 退休job-hopping 跳槽take over 接管，接任appointment 任命have no match for sb. 不能与某人相比turn down 拒绝13.科技high-tech 高科技portable computer 手提电脑Internet 因特网websites 网址cyber 网络log in/on 登陆hacker 黑客computer virus 计算机病毒bug killer 杀毒软件virtual community 虚拟社区chat room 聊天室on-line shopping 在线购物surf on the Internet 网上冲浪distance learning 远程学习advanced technology 先进技术telecommute 远程办工14.环境保护environmemt protection 环境保护reclaim 开垦，改选deforestation 滥砍滥伐over-fishing 过度捕鱼dump 倾倒ecosystem 生态系统vegetation 植物，植被oxygen 氧气ozone layer臭氧层deterioration 恶化pollution 污染recycle 回收再利用circulation 流通，循环purify 净化radiation 辐射drought 干旱dust-storm 沙尘暴acid rain 酸雨greenhouse effects 温室效应global warming 全球变暖sensitive to climate 对气候敏感的endangered species 濒临危险物种rare 稀有的wipeout 清除，消亡extinction 灭绝conservation 保护，保存15.文化艺术mass media 大众媒体animation 动画musical 音乐片Academy Award 金像奖fashionable 时尚的outmoded 过时的popular with 流行的catch on 流行Yuppie雅皮士pulp novel 庸俗小说art works 艺术作品classical literature 古典文学masterpiece 大作，杰作aesthetic 美学的graffiti 涂鸦oil painting 油画sculpture 雕塑dignity 尊严individual 个人的confrontation 冲突offensive 冒犯的，无礼的cultural shock 文化冲击16.旅游tourist 游客take a vacation 休假sightseeing 观光，浏览travel agency 旅行社book a room 预订房间reception desk 接待处service counter 服务台check in 住宿登记check out 结账登记set off to the seaside 去海滨scenic resort 旅游胜地historic spots 历史名胜landscape 风景fantastic scene 奇异的景象beyond description 难以描述take a picture 拍照pose 摆姿势press the shutter 按快门broaden ones orizon 开阔眼界17.健身put on weight 增加体重，长胖overweight 超重的lose weight 减肥keep-fit class 健身班fitness center 健身中心exercise machine 健身器械watch your diet 注意饮食on diet 节食physical exercise 锻炼slimming drug 减肥药健康healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式sedentary lifestyle久坐的,an active lifestyle积极锻炼的,excessive intake of吃过多的。fast food快餐convenience food方便食品diabetes, diarrhea, respiratory disease, nutrition营养balanced diet均衡的饮食protein蛋白质,vitamin维生素,fiber纤维mineral矿物质,incurable disease绝症depression抑郁症obesity肥胖症stress-related diseases和压力有关的疾病therapy （非药物）治疗treatment 治疗运动好处Relieve=ease=alleviate 减轻stressaerobic exercises有氧运动vigorous有活力的energetic经历充沛的refreshing提神的refresh your mind and body 提神train your muscle肌肉improve blood circulation血液循环increase flexibility提高灵活性drain 排出cultivate stamina and persistence培养耐力和毅力develop teamwork spirit 培养团队合作精神conduce to physical fitness身体健康jeopardize= damage 危害18.就医cure 治愈treat 治疗fill teeth 补牙take temperature 量体温examine 检查prescription 处方physical inspection 体检fill the prescription 抓药pill 药片dosage 剂量take injection 打针vaccinate 注射疫苗surgery 外科手术operation 手术infirmary 学校医院clinic 诊所physician 内科医师the dentists 牙科诊所emergency room 急诊室surgeon 外科医生anesthetist 麻醉师1、词汇总结：校园: department, school, law school, research paper, term paper, reading list, reading report, lecture, undergraduate, graduate, post graduate, freshman, sophomore, junior, senior, course, credit, tuition, scholarship, cafeteria公司: interview, post, position, apply for, resume, working experiencebank: deposit, draw, interest, check, bankbook, open an account, exchange, money exchange, rate of exchange, currency, deposit savings邮局: letter, stamp, envelope, postage, ordinary mail, express mail, zip code, money order, package, parcel, registered letter, airmail, mail a letter火车站: platform, waiting-room, inquiry office, baggage office, ticket office, one-way ticket, return ticket机场: plane, waiting lounge, information office, duty-free shop, boarding pass/ticket, first class, business class, economy class, air ticket, airfare, direct flight, non-stop flight, stopover, domestic flight, international flight, flight No. 280, air hostess, No Smoking sign, seatbelt, take off, land, gate number, departure, arrival，coach, go through the customsTravelling by air / plane，Book/reserve a flight ticket Make a reservation Single ticket one-way ticket Round-trip ticket return ticket Direct flight transfer at. First class business class economy class cargo Wait at the airport Waiting room lounge Go through the customs to clear ones luggage/baggage Go through the security check Convey belt Boarding pass Fasten the safety belt Seat belt Life belt Take off soar Destination 订座位：make a reservation预定，confirm a reservation确认预定，cancel ones reservation取消预定， frist come，frist serve先到先服务原则，机票：saver ticket优惠票，open ticket开放机票，one-way ticket单程票，round-trip ticket往返票，layover/stopover中途停留， timetable时刻表，fare票价，toll通行费，non-stop flight直达航班，connecting-flight转机，舱位：first class头等舱，business class商务舱，economy class经济舱 ，常用词汇：airport tax机场税 ，duty-free shop免税店，excess charge超重 ，vacant seat空座，destination目的地， extra charge/surcharge附加费，fulling-booked满了 ， seat arrangement/assignment定座，E.T.A（estimated time of arrival）预计到达时间E.T.D（estimated time of departure）预计起飞时间交通工具：van中巴，shuttle bus班车， airport limousine机场大巴，berth铺位（火车上）， pullman卧铺车餐厅: menu, waiter, waitress, main dish, appetizer, dessert, the first course, ready to order, a table for four, underdone, well-done, half-done, over-done, tender, have the bill, reserve a table, beef, mutton, pork, steak, chicken, salad, cabbage, potato, tomato, knife, fork, spoon, tray, sea food, hamburger, drinks, apple pieMake an order Menu Serve Course portion Knife & fork chop sticks Appetizer Soup Main dish Ground beef Steak rare/medium/well-done/over-done Pork sausage Poultry Sea food Side dish Vegetable salad Dessert Coffee Wine Liquor Cocktail Beer Soft drink 结帐买单： Its my treat。 Let me treat you。 Its on me。 Its my turn to pay the bill。 Lets split the bill。 Lets pay the bill on a 50-50/half-half basis。 Go dutch旅馆: single room with bath, double room, suite, presidential suite, lobby, check in, check out, room number, receptionist, make a reservation图书馆: borrow a book, return a book, overdue, renew, catalog, fine, librarian, back issue, current issue, reference book, magazine, journal, bookshelf医院: prescribe some medicines, run a fever, have a running nose, nose congestion, take the temperature, scratchy throat, sore throat, cough, pills, tablets, headache, stomach, dizzy, flu, catch a cold, worn out2、场景规律总结：1）学习方面选课：课程总是很难，男生说难；女生要么劝男生坚持，要么建议他暂时放弃，以后再学。听课：学生经常上课迟到、缺课，教授总是守时；总有一些学生不适应教授的讲课，教授总会给学生留一些作业。作业：完成作业总是有一定的困难，很难按时完成，而教授一般不接受延期的作业。考试：学生通过考试则高兴，相互祝贺；考试失败，则情绪低落，相互安慰；为了准备考试要么熬夜，要么逃课。买书、借书场景规律：图书馆中借书难，买书总是不好买，书总是不好读；因为学生钱不多，宁愿去图书馆。谈论学习：学习总是难事；理论要联系实际，文章要多读，同学要配合；学习场所要安静。2）购物、就餐购物：学生比较穷，买东西需要打折，贵的买不起，花钱很节省。外出就餐：不想做饭，不想再食堂吃饭或者要招待客人去餐馆吃饭，餐馆的服务总是有缺点。3）校园内外活动看戏看电影、听音乐会：学生证应随身携带，可以买到打折票；票是不好买；这样的活动大家都喜欢去。旅游：乘坐交通工具；交通工具常晚点；大家结伴而行；总会有人迟到；接送人：送人往往很伤感；接人总是不顺利：交通工具会晚点、行李不容易找到。4）工作谈同事谈工作：老板讨厌迟到，员工总是迟到，工作又累又枯燥，上司不好对付。求职：要写申请信；面试前了解解职位充满自信；面试时着装要整洁，提前到，仍紧张。5）其他社交活动：组织活动邀请人时要告诉对方同时受邀请的人员；每逢过节亲朋好友生日要送礼物或举行晚会庆祝；外出旅行时给朋友打电话或寄贺卡。保持健康：有病要早治；男士要戒烟戒酒，女士男士都要减肥；要定期去体检；去看医生之前要打电话约定时间，医生都很忙，一般有人不遵守医嘱不按时服药。租房搬家具：学生要找便宜的房子，分担房费，与人合租；学生对家具的要求不高；为了安静学生有时候还得搬家，虽然新找的房子的房租可能更贵。汽车：学生多买二手车，二手车毛病多，总要修车。一、学习相关场景词汇精要 1. 回家作业类型： Home assignment project Presentation speech address Essay Resort book report lab report Term paper Thesis 2. 完成作业： Rectify Rewrite Polish Turn in / submit the thesis Supervisor Deadline Overdue 3. 图书馆借阅书籍： Librarian Students ID card Index Catalogue Author Version edition Be put on reservation Be on circulation Magazine /journal back number current number Readers Digest Multi-media center Audio & visual center Overdue fine 二、工作相关场景词汇精要 招聘面试： Want ad recruitment ad Cv = curriculum vitae Resume Apply for a job Job-seeking job-hunting Head hunter Job-seeker job-hunter candidate job applicant Filtering Short-list Paper test Interview interviewee interviewer Offer Job appointment Department Job responsibility Report to sb。 Immediate boss Job-hopping Resign Resignation Dismiss Dismissal Be laid off 三、生活相关场景词汇精要： 疾病症状 Symptom Scratch Swell Twist strain Break fracture Vomit Be allergic to sth。 Headache、 stomachache Swine flu influenza Blow ones nose Have a running nose Have a high fever Run a high temperature 诊疗手段 Take some medicine Tablet Pill Capsule Aspirin Inject injection Operation Surgery surgeon Physician Dentist In-patient Out-patient Measure/take the blood pressure body temperature Do the X-ray一、机场(飞机上) 重点1.机场地点Security check(安检处) Gate(登机口) Terminal (航站楼)Check-in counter (换票柜台) Customs (海关)2. 机场人物Airhostess/stewardess (空姐) steward (空哥、空少) flight attendant (飞机乘务员)3. 飞机动作Take off/land (起飞、降落) ascend/descend(上升、下降)postpone/delay/cancel (推迟、延迟、取消)最近题目例句：(2007-12)I hope you are packed and ready to leave. (我希望你已经打包完毕准备出发了)I have packed my passport in one of my bags. (我把护照装在一个包里了)二、餐厅 重点1.点菜：Order menu wine list (酒单) alcohol steak French Fries (薯条)2. 埋单：Check the bill please!(埋单!) Treat (请客) split the bill (分开付)三、酒店 次重点最新考点(2007-6/12)Reservation (高频词,预定) honeymoon suite (07年6月词汇，蜜月套间)hotel clerk (07年6月词汇，等于receptionist) discount (07年6月词汇, 折扣)free continental breakfast (07年6月词汇，免费的清淡早餐)四、图书馆 重点1.书籍：journal 学术类刊物 (08-6)原句：did you check the pile of the journals you borrowed for the library the other day?(你查过那一摞头几天从图书馆借来的学刊了么?)volume 卷 current/back issue 现/过刊 periodical 期刊2.人物：librarian 图书管理员重点主题短语词汇分析Campus life 校园生活1. 作业词汇：assignment paper essays book/research report composition 作文textbook教科书/reference book参考书(07-6) copy 副本搭配词汇还有：be through with sth 结束，完成(两次考到)due 到期 have sbs hands full with sth 忙于做某事(07-12)2. 课程形式词汇：Seminar(06-6、07年6月词汇，研讨会) 原句： do you have the seminar schedule with you?(你有研讨会的日程表么?)optional course/elective (选修课)compulsory course/requirement (必修课) presentation (多次考到，展示或演示课)3 名称freshman(大一) sophomore(大二) junior(大三) senior(大四)(05年考点)graduate(毕业生) undergraduate (在校生，本科生) postgraduate (研究生)tutor(导师) graduate school (研究生院)Job hunting 求职 (长对话重点)Job applicant candidate (06-6、08-12 候选人) apply for applicationPosition/post (多次考到。职位) resume (简历，注意发音，多次考到)recruit (连续考到。招聘)benefit (package) (福利，两次考到) paid vacation (带薪假期)social security (美国的社会保险) relocation expenses (异地补偿费用)phased retirement (08-12 阶段性退休)hotel consultant (08-6 酒店咨询) sales manager(08-12 销售经理)Administrative work (08-12 行政工作)最近例句：2008-6the job will involve much train travel (工作中会经常有火车旅行的机会)tell me about your present job.2008-12There were about 20 candidates competing for the sales managers job. And finallyit was down to three of us, but the other two seemed better qualified(合格).态度词汇总结 正面的反面的中立approvalbiasedindifferentapprovingcriticalsuspiciousconcernedcynicaldoubtfulconfidentdisapprovalimpartialimpartialdisgustingimpersonalobjectivenegativeneutraloptimisticprejudicedunbiasedpositivepessimisticunprejudicedaffectionatesarcasticemotionalsubjective常考词汇absorbed, adaptation, alter, annoyed, architecture, artificial, assistance, barely, characteristically, chemistry, cinema, classical, communicate, confused, constantly, constructively, depressed, desperate, diff, domestic, embarrassed, emotional, environment, excited, experience, feedback, frequency, frustrated, generally, imaginative, increasingly, information, intelligence, intentions, ladder, literature, mechanism, mental, methodical, mysterious, observe, optional, organic, origins, overseas, painting, physical, poisonous, practically, psychological, rational, realistic, reasonable, religion, romantic, safety, sample, selectively, separate, seriously, situation, specialize, specifically, spiritual, theoretically, transmission, typical, variety, vary, violent短语：1.bill(1)账单，买单。I will pay the bill this time because last time you did it.这次我来买单，因为上次是你。(2)提案。We all passed the bill on yesterdays board meeting.在昨天的董事会上我们全票通过该提案。(3)纸币。Heres a 10-dollar bill. Give me two tickets for tonights show please.这是一张10美元的纸币，请给我两张今晚演出的票，谢谢。2. apply这里我们详细串联一下在听力考试中涉及到的与求职相关的短语。apply for(申请)，这是工作的第一步;既然要申请，必然需要递交 letter of application (求职信)，只要你足够 confident about yourself，就有可能获得job interview (工作面试)的机会。是否能够 give a good impression(留个好印象)给主管，那就得看你个人造化了。有些工作岗位会require much traveling，(要求经常出差)还有些工作，做不了多久就会希望find a way out(找到出路)。正所谓城里城外，各有风光。没工作的人想工作，有工作的人又烦工作。3.as well 也If the weather is this hot tomorrow, we may as well give up the idea of playing tennis outside.如果明天温度还是这么高，我们也可能放弃到户外进行比赛的主意。4.as soon as 一就，尽快I will do that for you as soon as I have fixed the machine.一修好机器我就会尽快为你完成那个工作。5.awfully非常地，相当地。在口语中用于表程度的比例十分高。awfully nervous 相当紧张; awfully cold 相当冷; awfully sorry 十分抱歉Tom looks awfully nervous.汤姆看上去相当紧张。I am awfully sorry. I didnt mean to hurt you.十分抱歉。我不想伤害你的。6.be bound to肯定，注定The movie starts in 5 minutes and theres bound to be a long line.电影还有5分钟就开始了在那里肯定排着长队。7.be tired of厌烦。当一个人感到厌烦的时候，也是最容易lose ones temper(生气)的时候。Im tired of movies about romantic stories.我已经彻底厌烦了电影中的浪漫故事。8.be worn out(1)筋疲力尽，这个表达不太正式，多用于口语。Im usually worn out at the end of the day.在一天快结束时我时常觉得很累。(2)破旧不堪。My soles were worn out after a long time trip.经过长时间的旅行，我的鞋底已经破旧不堪。9.better(1)d better 最好是Id better read one of the articles for the class.我最好还是为上课读篇文章准备一下。I think youd better find another partner.我想你最好还是另找一个搭档吧。(2)make it better 让更好Id rewrite the last two paragraphs to make it bet