02 名词从句：.doc

名词从句引导名词从句的关联词：一、 主从连词: that, whether, if1. We havent decided whether/if we should cancel the meeting.2. I wonder if /whether he has received my e-mail.3. Im not sure whether he will be able to solve the problem by himself.4. John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.5. The fact is that they have not met before.6. It has been decided that a meeting should be held immediately.虽然if 和whether都表示 “是否”, 但两者有区别。1. 在动词不定式之前只能用whether： I cant decide whether to stay. I didnt know whether to laugh or to cry. 2. 在whether or not 联用的固定搭配中不用if： I dont care whether or not he is coming.3. 在介词后，只能用whether： His father is worried about whether he will lose his work. 4. 放在句首时，只能用whether： Whether they can finish the work on time is still a problem. 5. whether可以引导主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句，而if不能。如： 正： It was uncertain whether he would come. 误： It was uncertain if he would come. 正： His first question was whether Tom had arrived yet. 误： His first question was if Tom had arrived yet. 正： We must consider the question whether we will take these measures. 误：We must consider the question if we will take these measures. 6. 用if会引起歧义时，只用whether： Could you tell me if you know the answer ? 这句话有两种意思：“你能告诉我是否知道答案吗？” 或“如果你知道答案的话，请告诉我，好吗？”。如用whether可避免歧义： Could you tell me whether you know the answer?二、 连接代词和连接副词: who, whom, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whatever, whoever, whichever, whomever等主语从句1. What the leader does and says is of great importance. 2. What he lacks is practice.3. How he is going to do it is a mystery. 4. Whoever is here gets a prize.5. Whether we shall go or stay is uncertain.先行主语 it1. It is very likely that their class will get ahead of ours.2. It happened that I wasnt at home that morning.3. It seems that they havent accepted our suggestion.4. It hasnt been made clear when the road will be built.5. It is clear enough what she means.6. It is a mystery to all of us how it happened.宾语从句1. I dont know whose book it is.2. Can you write down what you have heard?3. They gave whoever came to the meeting a copy of the agenda.4. The class is unusual in that the students are all over fifty and none of them attended the middle-school when they were young. 5. He differed from other students in that he never took notes in class.6. They were praised for what they had done.7. You may write about whatever topic you can think of.8. I was curious as to what he would say next.9. Your article is quite all right except that the organization is a bit loose.先行宾语it10. We all thought it a pity that the conference should have been cancelled.11. I heard it said that he has a wonderful collection of stamps.12. I took it for granted that they were not coming.13. They want to make it clear to the public that they do an important and necessary job.表语从句1 The question is whom we should rely on.2 The reason why I came late for the meeting was that my car broke down. (不能用because)同位语从句在某些名词如 answerassumptionbeliefcertainty conditiondoubtevidencefactfearguaranteehopeideaideallikelihoodnewsnotionpossibilityproblemproofquestionremarkreplyreportsuggestionthoughttruth等后面常用 that 引导的同位语从句:1. I have no idea that you have lost your ID card. 2. It is a proof that they gave us a empty promise.3. Nobody can deny the fact that China achieved all this on its own.4. There is no doubt that he is qualified for the position.5. There is little possibility that they could get any tickets for the concert.6. The worlds greatest sporting event, the Olympic Games, upholds the ideal that what matters is not winning but participating.7. The news that he intended to come gave us much pleasure.改正下列句子中的错误：1.Thats a good thing that they didnt charge you.2.What we need are more time.3.That we shall do next is of great importance.4.No matter whoever comes first is supposed to win the prize.5.We shall finish the work before May Day is possible.6.It isnt quite sure that he will be present at the meeting.7. He told me that he would go to Paris, and his sister would come back from New York.8. The reason why I was absent was because I was seriously ill.9. Im not interested in if they will come.10. She has not decided if to go or not.正：1.Its a good thing that they didnt charge you.2.What we need is more time.3.What we shall do next is of great importance.4.Whoever comes first is supposed to win the prize.5.That we shall finish the work before May Day is possible.6.It isnt quite sure whether he will be present at the meeting.7. He told me tha