对全球经济的理解(英文).docx

My Understanding of Economic GlobalizationFeng GuilinAbstract There is no doubt that nowadays the trend of global economy is economic globalization. It refers to the economic integration of countries around the world. With the development of economic globalization, the global trade, financial, business operations and other economic factors of mutual dependence have been strengthening. At the same time, it also provides many countries with opportunities and challenges. In the paper, some solutions to todays challenges are put forward. In view of some controversial issues, I also raise some private opinions.Key words economic globalization, concept, manifestation, impact, coping strategies(A) the concept of economic globalization There is no doubt that nowadays the trend of global economy is economic globalization. One more thing, now some economists call the trend “internationalization” rather than “economic globalization”. I support the main trend - “economic globalization”. “Globalization” is the free flow of production and capital in the world. “Internationalization” is the friendly cooperation between countries and the unequal exploitation. From the Internet, I knew the exact definition of “economic globalization” is that the world economic activity beyond the borders, through foreign trade, capital flows, technology transfer, provide services, interdependence, mutual connection and then form a global organic economy as a whole. To my mind, economic globalization is a developing process of global link between trade, finance, production, and labor. In other words, economic globalization refers to the economic integration of countries around the world. It is the result of the development of productive forces in the world. The driving force is the pursuit of profit, the competitive advantage and the development of economy. It is not far from our daily life. For example, we have been able to buy more and more international brands in supermarkets now. This is an obvious result of the impact of economic globalization.(B) the main manifestations of economic globalization(a) the globalization of production In the process of economic globalization, international division of labor gradually occupies the dominant position. It takes the capital, technology, management skills and other factors of production as the prerequisite. It is the core of the production of transnational organization. It is a symbol of the formation and establishment of the global production system. It makes production activities of the world no longer in isolation, but has become an integral part of the global production system. The globalization of production laid the foundation for each countries participate in international division of labor and international competition provides opportunities and conditions; it also allow countries to become part of the global production system, become commodity value chain A link, so that the whole earth becomes a big factory.(b) the globalization of market In the process of economic globalization, international trade has been expanding rapidly. The rapid development of trade in services has been rapidly increasing in the countries involved in trade, which also means that the formation of the world multilateral trading system.(c) the globalization of finance Based on the production and trade globalization, the process of financial globalization also in greatly accelerated. First of all, the rapid expansion of the scale of the international bond market financing. Secondly, associated with the stock market development, fund market is growing rapidly. Finally, the financial market is highly integration. With the continuous opening up of financial markets in countries all over the world, all kinds of global financial market is to connect a piece of the direction of development. At present the United States, Europe and Asia in the foreign exchange market have even as one, its mode of operation, trading varieties and means remained the same, investors can at any time within 24 hours a day when trading.(d) the globalization of business The important symbol of the globalization of business is multinational companies become the main body of the world economy. According to statistics, at present global multinational company, parent company of about 6.5 million, with about 85 million foreign branches. Today about 90% of the country is multinational companys subsidiary, or branch, its footprint has almost all over the world. The rapid development of multinational companies, the production, the further deepening of the internationalization of capital and goods, greatly promoted the process of economic globalization.(e) the globalization of science and technology and information National scientific and technological resources in the global scope of the pursuit of optimal allocation. Advanced technology and R & D capability of large-scale cross-border transfer. A cross-border joint R & D widespread. Information technology industry as a typical representative, national technical standards and tends to be consistent. Giant multinational corporations through the use of technology standard monopoly, control of the industry development, but also get a great deal of excess profits.(C) the impact of economic globalization(a) Economic dependence among countries increased Due to the economic interdependence strengthen, any countrys internal economic imbalance end may lead to the economic crisis in the world. For example, Thailands currency crisis in 1997 is very fast and throughout Southeast Asia as well as South Korea and Japan, the formation of severe regional financial crisis, then spread to Russia and Latin America, causing the global financial turmoil. Also, on Wall Street in 2008 subprime crisis eventually led to the global financial crisis has yet to be fully restored.(b) The independence of national economic sovereignty is challenged Facing the new situation of economic globalization, the traditional state sovereignty content occurred certain degree changes. The rights of a country in which a country has its own right have gradually become the common ownership of the international community. For example, the World Trade Organization repeatedly reducing tariffs and trade liberalization negotiations. And some countries to receive aid from the International Monetary Fund was forced to economic adjustment.(c) The gap between the rich and the poor increased Global competition created efficiency. At the same time, a large amount of wealth flows to a small number of states or interest groups.One of the reasons is that the economic globalization has brought the distribution of benefits is not balanced. As the main owner of capital and advanced technology, the developed countries are always in the center of globalization. This makes them in setting prices and other aspects have the initiative, and can control the world bank, the International Monetary Fund and the world trade organization to make favorable rules for theirselves. However, as the main owner of labor elements, developing countries are always in a weak position.(D) Some controversial issues to economic globalization After consulting these information, I have summarized the recognized impact of the economic globalization in my mind. On the one hand, due to the economic globalization, the trend of world trade liberalization is strengthened and international division of labor becomes clear. It promoted the transfer of production factors and resource allocation in the world. Also,It brought the global competition and the adjustment of the world economic structure. On the other hand, The economic dependence of each country is improved, so the economic crisis is very serious once it happens. Besides, the unfairness of competitive resources makes the gap between the rich and the poor more and more. Now some economists think economic globalization has a lot of drawbacks. Competition has a serious unfairness, which is the cause of the global gap between rich and poor and the poor, so we need a better regulatory regime. However, there are some people who think that globalization has provided more opportunities for all countries, and economic globalization has more advantages than disadvantages. As far as Im concerned, there is a close relation between economic globalization and the development of Internet. All along, I think the Internet is the worlds greatest invention so far. It is also the biggest advantage of economic globalization. It provides us with more options, so that we have the opportunity to forge ahead.It makes those who have unlimited potential of young people know that the world is very big. You still have a lot of beautiful scenery. There are many wonderful things waiting for you to try. And now, these options are one of the shows in front of us. This is the charm of economic globalization. For instance: there are now more and more people travel as backpackers to broaden their experience and mind. But in the 1960s in China, most of people may not know travel. Not only that, a few years ago, education for most people is a very luxury thing. This is really unfair, because they do not even know that they have other options. Now, with the development of economic globalization, the information industry is also developing rapidly. Now if you desire success, you can even find all dates that you need. But it requires your own initiative to use the information.In a word, success depends on your own. The Internet can just tell you chances, but it must cost something. The person to take the cost is yourself. If you dont work hard, you will never be successful. The world is not ready for the lazy. Furthermore, Inequality is always there. It exists in both capitalist countries and socialist countries. In terms of economics, resources are scarce, and human desires are infinite, so unequal distribution always exists. Economic globalization means that we have more opportunities to develop our own values. Obviously, economic globalization provides opportunities for poor areas to create value. Otherwise, perhaps the Africans can only continue to live in the jungle, and the living standards of the Chinese people are still as backward as a few decades ago.(E) the challenges of economic globalization and coping strategies For all countries, especially developing countries, economic globalization has two sides. In my mind, the essence of economic globalization is the globalization of capitalism. It makes the world economic development unbalanced and the polarization is serious. The instability of the global economy poses a threat to the security of the international economy. Therefore, we need more effective coping strategies.The urgent problem to be solved is to establish a fair and reasonable economic order to ensure the fairness and effectiveness of the competition.(a) Actively take part in the process of globalization Obviously, economic globalization is an irreversible trend in world development. Therefore, we should actively take part in the process of globalization. First of all, we have to active absorbing foreign investment, to make up for the shortage of domestic construction funds and resources. Besides, we should introduce advanced technology, equipment and m