中考英语选词填空技巧.doc

选词填空技巧教案一、选词填空的练习分析二、选词填空的常考知识点三、选词填空的技巧train , find, pocket, look, second, sit, somewhere, ticket, station, pick一、选词填空的例题练习分析 Bob and David are good friends, but they like to joke on each other sometimes. One day they went to London for their holidays. They went to the (1)_and bought their tickets. When the train arrived, Bob got on the train first, but he dropped his (2)_ on the platform(站台）without knowing it. David was behind him and quickly (3) _it up. Without saying a word to his friends, he put it in his (4)_After they had been in the (5) _for a little while, they saw the conductor(列车员）coming along, shouting,“ Ticket, please!” Bob(6)_ for his and of course he couldnt find it.“ Oh, dear, I cant (7)_ my ticket, David.” he said. “Have another look, Bob; it must be (8)_”said David.“ No, I cant find it anywhere. What shall I do ?”“Perhaps youd better hide under the(9)_so that the conductor wont see you.”So Bob crawled(爬）under the seat and lay there quietly. Soon the conductor stood in front of David.“Ticket, please.” he said.David handed him (10) _tickets and said, “This is mine. The other is my friends. He prefers to travel under the seat.”1，2，4，5，9根据上下文意思填名词。3，6，7，8根据上下文意思填入动词，并注意动词的形式及语态。10考 数词。二、选词填空的常考知识点1、名词新课程标准要求初中毕业生要掌握1500-1600个单词,200-300个词组和短语；名词需要注意单复数2、动词动词的时态及语态。动词的时态：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、现在完成时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时。动词的语态（动词的主动语态及被动语态）。3、数词：基数词和序数词的转化（结合语境提示 例如one，the other可推出two tickets）4、副词（结合语境）5、介词（固定搭配）6、代词：（人称代词主格、宾格的转化；人称代词、形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的转化）；固定搭配：each of（每个）7、形容词：根据语境选择适当的形容词或者形容词的比较级。三、选词填空的技巧。1统览全局，把握大意。要填的单词肯定是在一定的语言环境中才能确定。只有了解了短文的大意，把握了全局才能主导方向，从而有助于正确理解空缺词所在的句子，缩小词的选择范围。2根据语法，判定词性。一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性。进一步缩小词的选择范围,从而正确地选词。留意一下有无结构类似的句子结构或者出现多次的名词或者动词做出一些比较容易的选项。3利用语境，确定词形。当确定了一个单词的词性后可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式。（1）名词：名词要注意单复数形式；名词所有格等问题（2）动词：动词的人称数、时态、语态、不定式、动词的-ing形式。动词的时态可以通过浏览全文和某些句子的时间状语判断出来，如果文章是一般现在现在时，动词要结合句子人称注意是否要用动词的第三人称单数形式。（3）形容词：根据上下文语境选择适当的形容词或者形容的比较级。（4）数词：数词要注意基数词和序数词的转化，选项中会出现序数词，但根据语境需要往往填的是基数词。（5）代词：代词的各种形式及单复数；人称代词、形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的转化；还有一些固定搭配：each of（每个）等（6）副词和介词：根据语境和一些固定的搭配来判断。（7）连词：注意并列连词and和or等前后句子成分相同，but前后句子意思转折等选择适当的词语。4复读全文，验正答案。填完单词后，不可孤立地逐个检查词，而必须将所有填入的词代入文章中，复读全文，仔细检查所填词是否符合文章的情景内容，读起来是否流畅，是否合乎句法，单词拼写是否有误，单词形式是否正确等。发现问题及时更正。通过再读全文，很可能利用语感将个别特别难的空处顺口“读”出来。 选词填空练习 一well , soft, second ,better , may , strongly, afraid, sand , stay up,if, now, house We cant stop an earthquake(地震), but we can do things to make sure they dont destroy(毁坏) whole cities. First, it is not a 1 ._ idea to build houses along lines where 2. _ of the earths plates(板块) join together. Second, if you think there 3. _ be an earthquake, it is better to build houses on rocks , not on 4. _. Third, you must make the houses as 5. _ as possible. Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake, but strong ones may 6. _ . . Scientists are 7. _ that one day an even bigger earthquake will hit the part around San Francisco(旧金山) . They call it “ The Big One ”. However, people today are still building more 8. _ . The population in and around San Francisco is 9. _ ten times more than it was in 1906. This means that 10. _ there is another earthquake, a great many houses and buildings will be destroyed. 二forget, bring，mend，beside，luck，pick，same，differently, I ，every , stop，each Mr. Brown had an umbrella shop in a small town. People sometimes 1 _ him broken umbrellas, and then he took them to a big shop in London. They were 2 _ there. One day Mr. Brown went to London by train. He 3 _ to take an umbrella with him that day. Sitting in front of him was a man with an umbrella standing 4 _ the seat. When the train arrived in London, Mr. Brown 5 _ up the umbrella as he often did during his journey by train. Just as he was getting off, he was 6 _ by the man. He said angrily, “Thats 7_ !” Mr. Brown s face turned red and he gave it back to the man at once. When Mr Brown got to the big shop, the shopkeeper had got his six umbrellas ready. After a good look at 8 _ of them, he said, “Youve mended them very well.” In the afternoon he got into the train again. The 9 _ man was in the same seat. He looked at Mr Brown and his six umbrellas, “Youve had a 10 _ day,” he said.三 before, discover , fast, in, come, watch , so, fast, it, ago , shine, not can Light travels at a speed(速度) which is about a million times 1 . _ than that of sound. 2. _ one second, light travels about 300,000 kilometers, but sound travels only 340 meters. You can get some idea of this difference by 3. _ the start of a running match. If you stand far away from the starter(发令员), you can see smoke 4._ from his gun 5._ the sound reaches your ears.The fast speed of light produces some strange facts. The nearest star is 6. _ far away that light which you can see from it tonight started to travel to you four years 7. _ at a speed of nearly two million kilometers every minute. The light from some of tonights started on 8. _ journey towards you even before you were born.So, if we want to be honest(诚实), we 9. _ say , “ The stars are shining brightly tonight.” We have to say, “ The stars look nice. They were 10. _ four years ago but their light has just reached our earth. ” 四other, move, enough, find ,desert, make, use , another, friend , carry , trouble, friend You may think there is nothing but sand in the desert of the world, but it is not true. In the desert we can 1._ stones. We can see hills, too. There is a little rain in the 2._, but it is not 3. _ for most plants.The animals are 4. _ to the desert people in many ways. The desert people eat the meat and drink the milk of the animals. They use their skins to 5. _ shoes, water bags and even tents(帐篷). They use the camels(骆驼) for 6. _ things.The people of the desert have to keep 7. _ from places to place. They must always look for grass or desert plants for their animals. They usually live in the tents. When there is mo more food for their animals, they take down their tents, put them on the camels and move to 8. _ place. The desert people are very 9. _. No man in the desert would ever refuse to help the people in 10._ and give them food and water.五how, they ,winter, summer ,spend, care , dance , take, show , open , only, goodThe world of the out-of doors is full of secrets. And 1. _ are so interesting that quite a lot of people are busy studying them. All around us are birds, animals, trees and flowers. The facts about 2._ they live and grow are as interesting as anything could be.Do you know that one of the great presidents of the United States 3 _ hours and hours studying birds? A businessman who lives near New York City became so interested in insects(昆虫) that he began to collect them. He now has more than one thousand different kinds 4. _ kept in the glass boxes.Come then with me, and I will help you find some of Natures secrets. Let us go quietly through the woods and fields. Here we shall find how a rabbit tells the other rabbits that there is danger. We shall follow a mother bear and her young ones as they search for food and get ready for 5. _ sleep. We shall watch bees 6. _ in the air to let other bees know where they can find food. I will 7._ you many other interesting things, but the 8. _ thing that I can teach you is to keep your eyes and ears 9._ when you go out of doors. Nature tells her secrets 10._ to people who look and listen carefully.六two, sudden , cold, teach, in surprise, French, hot, beard, photo, office, passport, ChinaMr Hill arrives at London Airport, at the end of a three-week holiday in 1. _. Usually he wears a beard(蓄着胡须). Since it has been 2._ there, he has taken it off (剃掉). But his passport photo shows him with his 3. _. An officer looks at the 4. _for a moment, and says，Will you excuse me? Please sit down. I shant keep you long. With this, he walks away, shows the photo to a second 5._, and says: I know that face. The second officer looks at the 6. _ and asks where Mr Hill has come from. When he hears that Mr Hill has arrived back from Paris, the 7._ officer smiles and says: An Englishman with a beard stole a painting in Paris on Friday, And that man looks just the kind of man. 8._ it comes to the first officer who Mr Hill is. He returns to him, and asks: Did you9. _ at the No.2. High School? When Mr Hill answers, 10. _, that he did, the first officer smiles and says: I thought so. Im Jack Smith. You taught me French. You havent changed a bit.七how, much, safe, thank, play , be, invent , no, so , interest, must , ask Thomas Edison was a great American 1._ . When he was a child, he was always 2._ questions and trying out new ideas. No matter 3._ hard it was, he never gave up.Young Tom was in school for only three months. His teacher didnt understand why he had 4._ many strange questions. Most of them were not about his lessons. The teacher didnt want to teach Tom any 5._ . He asked Toms mother to take the boy home. Toms mother taught him to read and write, and she found him 6._ a v