初中英语被动语态讲解_免费下载.doc

优学教育学科教师辅导教案辅导科目： 英 语 学员姓名： 邱园 年 级：高一 学科教师： 夏双 课时数：3 第 3次课授课主题 被动语态讲解教学目标1、 让学生掌握被动语态的相关知识点2、 让学生掌握有关被动语态的相关习题授课日期及时段 2013年9月14日 8：00-10：:00 教学内容 被动语态 Lesson 3一概念：当句子的主语是动作的执行时，谓语的形式叫主动语态；当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语的形式叫做被动语态。二构成“助动词be+过去分词”主动词be有时态、人称和数的变化，也可以构成否定或疑问句。不同时态的被动语态例句1、一般现在时的被动语态：amisare+动词的过去分词例如：The Great Wall is known all over the world.2、一般过去时的被动语态：waswere+动词的过去分词例如：This city was liberated in 1948.3、现在进行时的被动语态：amisare+being+动词的过去分词 例如：The question is being discussed at present.4、过去进行时的被动语态：waswere+being+动词的过去分词例如：The boy was being operated on when his parents hurried to the hospital.5、一般将来时的被动语态：1）willshall+be+动词的过去分词例如：The matter will be discussed tomorrow.2） amisare+going to be+动词的过去分词例如：Your watch is going to be mended in an hour.6、过去将来时的被动语态：1）would should +be+过去分词例如：she said that some new factories would be built soon in our city.2) waswere+going to be +过去分词 例如：He thought that your watch was going to be mended after an hour. 7、现在完成时的被动语态：havehas +been +动词的过去分词例如：The bridge has been built this month8、过去完成时的被动语态：had +been+动词的过去分词例句：The tickets had been sold out before I came to the cinema三.用法英语中，大多数情况下用主动语态比较简练、有力。但是，被动语态也有其特殊的用途，它也是表达思想、描述事物的需要。人们通常在下列情况下使用被动语态:。1.不知道或不必说出动作的执行者时使用被动语态例句How is this word pronounced? 这个单词怎么发音?Scientists say that work is done whenever a force moves. 科学家们说，力移动时就做了功。After war,everything had been destroyed. 战争结束后，一切都被毁坏了。A greater number of magic English books will be published next year.明年将有更多的魔法英语书出版。2.强调动作的承受者时使用被动语态例句If you break the school rules，you will be punished. 如果你违反校规，你将受到惩罚。A new Hope School will be opened in our village. 我们家乡将开办一所新的希望学校。She is liked by everybody. 大家都喜欢她。Xiao Li was elected monitor of the class. 小李被选为班长。3.当动作的执行者不是人而是无生命的事物时使用被动语态例句The bridge was washed away by the flood. 桥被洪水冲走了。We were shocked by the news of his death. 我们听到他的死讯极为震惊。Many accidents were caused by careless driving. 许多事故都是开车不小心造成的。4.修辞的需要，使用被动语态可以使句子更加简练、匀称例句He appeared on the stage and was warmly applauded by the audience.他出现在舞台上，受到了观众的热烈鼓掌。The old professor gave a lecture on American history and was well received.这位老教授作了一个有关美国历史的讲座，受到大家的热烈欢迎。I was shown round the school campus by Sean，who had entered the school just a year before. 肖恩带我参观了校园，他去年刚进这所学校。5.为了表示委婉或礼貌，避免提及动作执行者或说话者自己时使用被动语态例句Youve been told many times not to make the same mistake.你已被多次告知不要犯同样的错误。Everybody is expected to obey the following rules. 希望大家遵守以下规定。The control room may not be entered without permission. 非经许可，勿人控制室。6.科技文献中为了客观地描述事情及其过程时应使用被动语态例句The film is coated with light-sensitive chemicals, which are changed by the different shades and colours of light. 胶卷上涂了一层感光的化学物质，这些物质因光的不同色度与颜色而改变。7.在新闻报道中使用被动语态可以体现新闻的客观性例句The west-east gas pipeline project was kicked off on July 4, a big event in the nations west development campaign. 西气东输工程7月4日全线开工，这是国家西部大开发战略的一件大事。8.有些动词习惯上常用被动语态例句He was born in this city. 他出生在这个城市。The school is situated in the suburbs. 这所学校位于郊外。常用于被动语态的动词有born（出生）、 situate（坐落于）、 build（建造）、break（打破）、publish（出版）等。二.使用被动语态时的主意事项1.“get+过去分词”结构也可以表被动例句The boy got hurt on his way to school. 这个男孩在上学的路上受伤了。These cleaners got paid by the month. 清洁工人按月拿工资。He got caught in the heavy rain on his way home. 在回家的路上他被困在大雨中了。类似短语get burnt（着火）、get killed（被杀）、get hurt（受伤）、get lost（迷路）get dressed（穿衣服）、get changed（变化）、get married（结婚）、get washed（洗）等。2.有部分动词接双宾语，那么变为被动语态时也有两种形式。例句主动语态：I passed him a new book.我地给他一本书被动语态：A new book was passed to him（by me）. 或 He was passed a new book（by me）.可接双宾语的动词有give（给）、hand（传给）、show（展示）、teach（教）、send（派遣）、pass（传递）等。3.有些“动词+介词/副词”构成的固定动词短语，变为被动语态时要注意其完整性，不可分开。例句主动语态：We should take good care of the old and the children. 我们应该照顾好老人和小孩。被动语态：The old and the children should be taken good care of.4.有些由“动词+名词+介词”构成的短语动词，其结构较松散，变成被动语态时也可以将名词和其后的介词拆开。例句主动语态：They make good use of the library. 他们充分利用图书馆。被动语态：Good use is made of the library. 这个图书馆的利用率很高。5.英语中，有些动词接不带to的不定式做宾补，但是当它们变为被动语态时，要把to加上去。例句主动语态：The boss made them work twelve hours every day. 老板让他们每天工作十二小时。被动语态：They were made to work twelve hours every day.可接不带to的不定式做宾补的动词有let（让）、have（使）、see（看）、notice（注意）、watch（观看）、listen to（听）hear（听）、observe（观察）、feel（感觉）等。被动语态的练习题2010年中考英语被动语态专项练习题一、单项选择( )1.Do you often clean your classroom? Yes. Our classroom _ every day.A. clean B.cleans C.is cleaned D.is cleaning( )2.A talk on developments in science and technology_in the school hall next week.A. Given B.will be given C.has been given D.give( )3.His new book_ next month.A. will be published B. is publishing C. is being published D. has been published( )4.Did you go to Jacks birthday party?No,I_.A. am not invited B.wasnt invited C.havent invited D.didnt invite( )5.Mum,can I go to the zoo with Jack?When your homework_,you can.A. is done B.was done C.does D.did ( )6.Twentyyearolds should not_to drive in China.A.allow B.be allow C.be allowed D.allowed. ( )7.Seeing him rush into the room with tears in his eyes,I asked him what_.A.would happen B.had happenedC.happened D.was happened.( )8.The book Businessthe Speed of Thought _in 1999.A.writes B.is written C.wrote D.was written.( )9.Trees and flowers_every year to make our country more beautiful.A.is planted B.was planted C.are planted D.were planted.( )10.Chinas sports stars Yao Ming and Liu Xiang_Good Will Ambassadors(亲善大使)for Shang hai.A.has been named B.have been namedC.has named D.have named.( )11.The earth is our home.It _well.A.must be protected B.should protectC.need protect D.should protected.( )12.In recent years, many children are made _ what they are not_.A.to do;interested in B.to do;interestedC.do;interested D.do;interested.( )13._a new library_in your school last year?A.Is;built B.Was;built C.Does;built D.Did;built.( )14.An accident_on this road last week.A.has been happened B.was happenedC.is happened D.happened.( )15.Cotten _in the southeast of China.A.is grown B.are grown C.grows D.grow.( )16.So far, the moon_by man already.A. is visited B.will be visited C.has been visited D.was visited.( )17.How many trees _this year?A.are planted B.will plant C.have been planted D.planted.( )18.A lot of things _by people to save the little girl now.A.are doing B.are being done C.has been done D.will be done.( )19.Neither of them _ in ChinaA.is made B.are made C.were made D.made.( )20.Look! A nice picture_for our teacher.A. is drawing B.is being drawn C.has been drawn D.draws.( )21.Your shoes_.You need a new pair. A.wear out B.worn out C.are worn out D.is worn.( )22.The doctor_for yet.A.isnt sent B.hasnt been sent C.wont be sent D.wasnt sent.( )23When _this kind of computer_? Last year.A.did;use B.was;used C.is;used D.are;used( )24.The Great Wall_about all over the world.A.knows B.knew C.is known D.was known.( )25.I_in summer.A.born B.was born C.have been born D.am born.( )26.He says that Mr Zhang_to the factory next week.A.is sent B.would send C.was sent D.will be sent.( )27.Who _this book_?A.did;written B.was;written by C.do;written D.was;written( )28.Mary _show me her new dictionary.A.has asked to B.was asked to C.is asked D.asks to( )29. A story _ by Granny yesterday.A.was told us B.was told to us C.is told us D.told us( )30.The monkey was seen_out of the tree.A.jump B.jumps C.jumped D.to jump参考答案15CBABA 610CBDCB 1115AABDA 1620CCBAB 2125CBBCB 2630DBBBD二、单项选择1( ) 1 The Peoples Republic of China _ on October 1, 1949.A. found B. was founded C. is founded D. was found( ) 2 English _ in Canada.A. Speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken( ) 3 This English song_ by the girls after class.A. often sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung( ) 4 This kind of car _ in Japan.A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made( ) 5 New computers _ all over the world.A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used2( ) 1 Our room must _ clean.A. keep B. be kept C. to be kep t D. to keep( ) 2 -Id like to buy that coat. -Im sorry. _.A. it sold B. its selling C. Its been sold D. it had been sold( ) 3 A new house _ at the corner of the road.A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building( ) 4 The key _ on the table when I leave.A. was left B. will be left C. is left D. has been left( ) 5 Doctors _ in every part of the world.A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need3( ) 1 Japanese _ in every country.A. is not spoken B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is not speaking( ) 2 These papers_yet.A. have not written B. have not been written C. has not written D. has not been written( ) 3 The sports meet _ be held until next week.A. didnt B. wont C. isnt D. doesnt4( ) 1 -My shoes are worn out.- _.A. Cant they be mended? B. Let me have a look at it.C. How much do they cost? D. Cant they mended?( ) 2 _ the watch been repaired yet? I badly need it.A. Does B. Has C. Is D. Are( ) 3 _ these desks be needed?A. Will B. Are C. Has D. Do5( ) 1 Why _ to talk about it yesterday?A. didnt a meeting hold B. wasnt a meeting held C. wasnt held a meeting D. a meeting wasnt held( ) 2 Who was the book_?A. Write B. wrote C. written D. written by( ) 3 Where _ these boxes made?A. Was B. Were C. is D. am6( ) 1 The flowers_often.A. must be water B. must be watered C. must watered D. must water( ) 2 The books may_ for two weeks.A. be kept B. be borrowed C. keep D. borrow( ) 3 The broken bike_ here by Mr Smith.A. can mend B. can mended C. can be mend D. can be mended7( ) 1 The old bridge in my hometown_ next month.A. is going to be rebuilt B. will rebuilt C. are going to be rebuilt D. are going to rebuilt( ) 2 The play _ at the theatre next Sunday.A. is going to be shown B.will shown C. will show D. is shown( ) 3 The old stone bridge _ next week.A. is going to be rebuilt B. will be rebuild C. are going to be rebuilt D. will rebuild8( ) 1 Now these magazines_ in the library for a long time. A. have kept B. are keeping C. have been keeping D. have been kept( ) 2 The pot _ for _ hot water.A. used; keeping B. was used; keeping C. is used; to keep D. are used; keep( ) 3 Tea _ in the south of China.A. grows B. is grown C. were grown D. will grow( ) 4 The bridges_ two years ago.A. is built B. built C. were built D. was built( ) 5 Wet clothes are often_up near a fire in rainy weather.A. hang B. hanged C. hanging D. hung9( ) 1 The river smells terrible. People must _ dirty things into it.A. be stopped to throw B. be stopped from throwingC. stop to throw D. stop from throwing( ) 2 The teapot _ water.A. is filled with B. filled of C. fulling of D. filled( ) 3 Old people must be looked after well and _ politely.A. speak to B. spoken C. speak D. spoken to( ) 4 Old people must _.A. look after well B. be looked well after C. looked well after D. be looked after well10( ) 1 Newly-born babies_in hospital.A. are taken good care B. are taken good care of C. take good care of D. take good care( ) 2 They were_ at the sudden noise.A. frightening B. frightened C. frighten D. frightens( ) 3 These walls_stones.A. are made of B. made of C. are made into D. made into11( ) 1 Jane _ to sing us an American song last Saturday.A. called B. was asked C. Told D. was said( ) 2 The papers _ to them.A. were shown B. show C. shown / D. have shown( ) 3 The coat_her sister.A.made to B.were made for C.was made for D.was made to12( ) 1 I _ five minutes to decide whether I should go or not.A. Gave B. was giving C. had given D. was given( ) 2 Good care_such things.A. should take of B. should be taken C. should be taking D. should be taken of( ) 3 She will_good care_.A.take;of B.be taken;of C. take;for you D. be taken;of you13( ) 1 The teacher made him_ his homework.A. to do B. do C. did D. done( ) 2 The boy_ streets without pay in the old days.A. was made to clean B. made cleanC. made to clean D. was made clean( ) 3 These children_dance.A. were seen to B. were seen for C. were seen D. saw to14( ) 1 These stones_well.A. are fitted B. Fit C. fits D. is fitted( ) 2 The bike _ 500 yuan.A. was cost B. costed C. cost D. is costed( ) 3 The important meeting _ on a cold morning last year.A. was had B. was held C. held D. had15( ) 1 Great changes_ in the past ten years in China.A. took place B. have taken place C. were taking place D. had taken place( ) 2 You cant use the computer, it_.A.was broken down B.is wrong C.is bad D.has broken down( ) 3 Great changes_in our country during the past 20 years. A. have happened B. happened C. have been happened D. were happened( ) 4 The watch has often _ down.A.