错误题集锦.ppt

非谓语动词错误例析 英语中的非谓语动词是高考的语言重点 是历届高考试题中的必考内容 也是中学生在校学习英语的过程中深感棘手的难点 下面是学生经常出错的非谓语动词的一些例子 例1 WIttookhertwohoursfinishingherhomework RIttookhertwohourstofinishherhomework 例2 WItisnousetoregretwhathasbeendone RItisnouseregrettingwhathasbeendone 分析 不定式 动名词均可以用作句子的主语 其区别不大 常可互换 但在某些句型中的主语用动名词 例2 某些句型中主语永不定式 例1 都属于习惯用法 一般不宜互换 例3 WMostofthestudentsenjoytoreadnovels RMostofthestudentsenjoyreadingnovels 例4 WHealwaysrefusesdoingwhatheisunwillingto RHealwaysrefusestodowhatheisunwillingto 分析 不定式 动名词均可以作宾语 但并非每个及物动词后都可以接不定式或者都能解动名词 要根据各个动词的搭配结构选定不定式活动名词 1 某些动词后既可以接不定式又可以接动名词 其意义差别不大 可以互换 这类动词有 likelovehatedislikebeginstartcontinue等 例 Shelikesplaying toplay chessinhersparetime Nobodycanbeartobelaughed beinglaughed atinpublic 2 某些及物动词后只能接不定式作宾语 不能接动名词作宾语如 例4 这类动词有 hope offer help expect learn demand decide refuse ask prepare plan choose manage pretend fail wish agree等 例 Shepretended mewhenIpassedby MET89 34 A nottoseeB NotseeingC TonotseeD Havingnotseen A Weagreed herebutsofarshehasn tturnedupyet NMET95 19 A learnB TolearnC LearnedD Learning B 3 某些及物动词后只能跟动名词作宾语 不能跟不定式作宾语如 例3 这类动词有 mind suggest avoid excuse finish allow admit resist miss enjoy consider imagine advise permit prevent delay appreciate giveup putoff feellike consiston can thelp等 Iwouldappreciate backthisafternoon MET92 18 A youtocallB youcallC yourcallingD you recalling C Peoplecouldn thelp thefoolishemperorintheprocession MET83 20 A laughatB tolaughatC laughingatD laughingon C Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed MET87 38 A catchingB tobecaughtC beingcaughtD tocatch C 例5 WNobodywasallowedsmokinghere RNobodywasallowedtosmokehere 分析 某些动词如 allowpermitforbidadvisecontinue等后面必须接动名词作宾语 但也可以接不定式的复合宾语 本句为被动语态 后面的非谓语动词为不足语 CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered thefirstcomputer NMET93 34 A toinventB inventingC tohaveinventedD havinginvented C 4 某些动词或词组后接动名词主动形式表被动意义 这类动词有 needwantrequirebeworth等 Whatdoyouthinkofthebook MET89 Oh excellent It sworth asecondtime A toreadB tobereadC readingD beingread C 5 某些动词如 rememberforgetregrettry后接动名词 表示动名词的动作已经发生 接不定式表示动作未出现 Shedidn tremember himbefore MET88 26 A havingmetB havemetC meetD tohavingmet A Thelightintheofficeisstillon MET91 35 Oh Iforgot A turningitoffB turnitoffC toturnitoffD havingturneditoff C Youwerebraveenoughtoraiseobjectionsatthemeeting NMET95 26 Well nowIregret that A todoB tobedoingC tohavedoneD havingdone D 例6 WSheleftherewithouttotellanybody RSheleftherewithouttellinganybody 例7 WIhavenoideaofwhatdoingnext RIhavenoideaofwhattodonext 分析 介词一般由动名词充当如例6 但某些介词如 ofonabout后可接一个带疑问词的不定式短语作宾语 如例7 LastsummerItookacourseon MET90 22 A howtomakedressesB howdressesbemadeC howtobemadedressesD howdressestobemade A Howaboutthetwoofus awalkdownthegarden NMET93 17 A totakeB takeC takingD tobetaking C 例8 WTherewasanoldmanlivedinthevillage RTherewasanoldmanlivinginthevillage 例9 WThebicyclehavingstolenlastweekhasn tbeenfound RThebicyclestolenlastweekhasn tbeenfound 例10 WThebuildingcompletednextweekwillbeusedasalibrary RThebuildingtobecompletednextweekwillbeusedasalibrary 分析 分词 不定式均可以作定语 现在分词作定语与被修饰名词在逻辑上为主谓关系 如例8 Doyouknowtheboy underthetree MET89 16 A layB lainC layingD lying D Therewasaterriblenoise thesuddenburstoflight A followedB followingC tobefollowedD beingfollowed B 分析 及物动词的过去分词作定语 与被修饰名词在逻辑上为动宾关系 如例9 Mostoftheartists tothepartywerefromSouthAfrica MET90 28 A invitedB toinviteC beinginvitedD hadbeeninvited A 分析 不定式作定语 表将来 现在分词表进行 过去分词表被动 完成 如例10 Thefirsttest books forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury NMET94 34 A havingwrittenB tobewrittenC beingwrittenD written D 例11 WBeingseriouslyill hesenthismothertohospital RBeingseriouslyill hismotherwassenttohospital 例12 WNotknowingtothepeoplehere heintroducedhimselffirst RNotknowntothepeoplehere heintroducedhimselffirst 分析 分词作状语 必须与句子的主语发生逻辑上的关系 一般情况下 现在分词作状语 句子主语必须是现在分词的发出者 如例11 过去分词作状语 句子主语必须是过去分词动作的承受者 如例12 moreattentionthetreescouldhavegrownbetter MET90 33 A GivenB TogiveC GivingD Havinggiven A Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight alongspeechforthepresident MET91 33 A toprepareB preparingC preparedD waspreparing B 例13 WDoinghishomework hebegantowatchTV RHavingdonehishomework hebegantowatchTV 分析 当分词动作先于谓语动词发生时 分词应用完成式 areply hedecidedtowriteagain MET92 39 A NotreceivingB ReceivingnotC NothavingreceivedD Havingnotreceived C 例14 WThetrainstartedoffTianjinat8o clock reachingBeijingstation4hourslater RThetrainstartedoffTianjinat8o clockandreachedBeijingstation4hourslatter 分析 现在分词表进行或常存状态 瞬间动词不宜用于现在分词的一般式作状语 Shesetoutsoonafterdark homeanhourlater NMET94 18 A arrivingB toarriveC havingarrivedD andarrived D 例15 WNottoknowwhattodo hecameuptoaskforhelp RNotknowingwhattodo hecameuptoaskforhelp 分析 不定式 分词均可作状语 但功用不同 不定式表目的 结果 分词表原因 方式 伴随情况等 Thevisitingministerexpressedhissatisfactionwithhistalks thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere NMET94 32 A havingaddedB toaddC addingD added C 例16 WThisproblemisverydifficulttodeal RThisproblemisverydifficulttodealwith 分析 在 主语 be adj 不定式 的句型中 主语在逻辑上往往为不定式的宾语 因此当不定式为不及物动词时 常在不定式后加上适当的介词 Thechairlooksratherhard butinfactitisverycomfortableto MET88 29 A sitB sitonC besatD besaton B 这种情况同样适用于作定语的不定式 Wehadlittletoeat onlyacoldroomtolivein ChildreninnewChinahavenothingtoworryabout 例17 WTheboywasnoticedtakeawayyourbook RTheboywasnoticedtotakeawayyourbook 分析 在主动语态中 使役动词和感官动词后接不定式作宾补时 要省去不定式符号to 但在被动结构中一定要添上to Johnwasmade thetrackforaweekasapunishment MET91 39 A towashB washingC washD tobewashing A Pauldoesn thavetobemade Healwaysworkshard NMET95 11 A learnB tolearnC learnedD learning B 例18 WThethiefwascaughttostealalady swallet RThethiefwascaughtstealingalady swallet 分析 不定式和现在分词可以作宾补 现在分词表示进行 不定式则表示动作的完结 Themissingboyswereseen neartheriver NMET94 25 A playingB tobeplayingC playD toplay A 例19 WThegirlwassolazythatshealwayshadherclothestobewashed RThegirl