初一英语的十大词类.doc

英语的十大词类一 名词(n.)，意义：表示人或事物的名称。例词：boy, pencil, book。二 冠词(art.)，意义：用在名词前帮助说明名词所指的人或事物。例词：a (an), the。三 代词(pron.)，意义：用来代替名词。例词：we, that, his, what。四 形容词(adj.)，意义：用以修饰名词，表示人或事物的特征。例词：old, red, fine, good。例句：He is a good boy.练习：请将下列句子中的单词进行分类 名词（ ） 冠词（ ）代词（ ）形容词（ ）1 She is a beautiful girl.2 This is an orange.3 The man is his father.4 I am a student.5 They are good friend.五 数词(num)，意义：表示数量或顺序。例词：one, thirteen, first, ninth。例句：1 three apples.2 He is the first one to get to school in his class六 动词(v.)，意义：表示动作或状态。例词：look, go, be(am, is, are)。例句：She is watching the TV七 副词(adv.)，意义：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词。例词：not, too, here, often。例句：You are too young.八 介词(prep.)，意义：表示名词、代词等和其他词的关系。例词：in, on, of, to, under。例句：There is a book on the desk.九 连词(conj.)，意义：用来连接词与词、短语与短语或句与句。例词：and, or, but。例句：He and me are good friend.十 感叹词(interj.)，意义：表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感。例词：oh, hello, hi例句：Oh，dear!That is impossible.练习：将下列句子翻译成英语 1 在课桌上有三支铅笔。2 他跑的快。3 我哥哥和他的同学去打篮球了。4 他很聪明，但是不爱学习。5 耶！我们打败了对手。英语句子成分英语句子成分：组成句子的各个部分即句子成分。句子成分包括：主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语等。英语句子成分（一）一、主语（subject）: 句子说明的人或事物。1. Bob has a soccer ball . （名词）2. He likes dancing.（代词）二、谓语（predicate）: 说明主语的动作、状态和特征，谓语一般是动词。1.We study English. 2. He is asleep. 三、表语（predicative）:表示主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”，表语前面的动词称为系动词。“系动词+表语”一块称为谓语。 1. He is a teacher.（名词 ）2. Five and five is ten. （数词） 3.He is asleep. （形容词） 4.His father is at home. （副词） 5.The picture is on the wall. (介词短语)6.That sounds good 7.It looks nice . 常见的系动词有: be, sound（听起来）, look（看起来）, feel(摸起来)，smell（闻起来）, taste（尝起来、吃起来）, feel（感觉）。四、宾语：动作、行为的对象 1.I like China. （名词） 2.You can help me. （代词） 3.How many do you need? We need two. （数词） 4. I like playing soccer. （动名词） 5.I want to have an apple. （不定式） 双宾语-间接宾语（指人）和直接宾语（指物） Toms mother buy him some books. 练习：请同学们写出五个“主语+谓语+宾语”的英语句子课后作业：一 写出十个由十大词类中的任意四个及以上词类组成的英语句子二 写出五个“主系表”结构的英语句子阅读理解A woman is at the cinema, and she is enjoying the film very much, but there is a man in the next seat, and he begins looking at the floor under her. The woman is angry and asks，“What are you doing there？What are you looking for?” “A piece of chocolate.” The man says to her, “I drops（掉落）it on the floor.” “A piece of chocolate?” the woman said angrily, “It is dirty now. Take this and be quiet, please. I am listening to the film.” She gives the man a big piece of chocolate. But the man says, “One of my teeth is in the chocolate!”1. The man sits _ the woman.A. next to B. in front of C. behind D. on the left of2. The underlined word “angry” means _.A. not sad B. not light C. not happy D. not heavy3. The man wants to find the piece of chocolate because _.A. the piece of c